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{{J Morphol. Volumes}}
{{J Morphol. Volumes}}
Charles Otis Whitman
Founded by C. O . Whitman
EDITED BY
J. S. KINGSLEY
Tufts College, Mass.
with the collaboration of
Gary N. Calkins T. H. Montgomery
Columbia University University of Pennsylvania
W. M. Wheeler William Patten
Bussey Institution, Harvard University Dartmouth College
Edwin G. Conklin
Princeton University
VOLUME 22  1911
THE WISTAR INSTITUTE OF ANATOMY AND BIOLOGY PHILADELPHIA
WAVERLY PRESS  BALTIMORE, U S. A.
PREFATORY NOTE
In 1909 a number of friends of Professor Charles Otis Whitman planned a volume of the Journal of Morphology as an acknowledgment of the debt of American science to him as the founder
and editor of the Journal.
A committee, consisting of Frank R. Lillie, Edwin G. Conkhn
and Thomas H. Morgan, was appointed to receive contributions
of articles from his former students and his associates of the
Marine Biological Laboratory. It was decided that the numbers
for the year 1911 should constitute a 'Whitman Volume.'
Professor Whitman died in 1910 before the first number was
issued and the volume becomes a memorial to one who had a wide
influence in the elevation of biological science.
As Whitman's ideals were broader than mere morphology, so
the volume in the scope of its contents overlaps that field on all
sides.
The articles which were accepted by the committee were so
numerous and extensive that not all of them could be published
during the present year, although the volume is far larger than
usual; consequently some of them will appear, with proper
acknowledgment, in the next volume of the Journal of Morphology.
THE CHARLES OTIS WHITMAN MEMORIAL VOLUME
EDITORIAL COMMITTEE
Frank R. Lillie
Edwin G. Conklin
Thomas H. Morgan
TO THE MEMORY OF
CHARLES OTIS WHITMAN
1842-1910
THIS VOLUME IS DEDICATED
BY
HIS PUPILS AND ASSOCIATES
CONTENTS
1910
No. 1. MARCH
Bennet M. Allen. The origin of the sex-cells of Amia and Lepidosteus.
Twenty-seven figures 1
Leo Loeb. The cyclic changes in the ovary of the guinea pig 37
Edmund B. Wilson. Studies on chromosomes. VII. A review of the
chromosomes of Nezara; with some more general considerations. Nine
figures. One plate 71
C. B. Davenport. The transplantation of ovaries in chickens HI
W. J. Moenkhaus. The effects of inbreeding and selection on the fertility,
vigor and sex ratio of Drosophila ampelophila 123
G. H. Parker. The mechanism of locomotion in gastropods. One figure 155
No. 2. JUNE
C. M. Child. The regulatory processes in organisms 171
Lorande Loss Woodruff. Paramecium aurelia and Paramecium caudatum.
One figure ' 223
E. A. Andrews. Male organs for sperm-transfer in the crayfish, Cambarus
affinis; their structure and use. Four plates and thirty-one text figures. . 239
Wallace Craig. Oviposition induced by the male in pigeons 299
William Morton Wheeler. The ant-colony as an organism 307
Oilman A. Drew. Sexual activities of the squid, Loligo pealii (Les). Four
plates 327
Frank R. LiLLiE. Studies of fertilization in Nereis. I. The cortical "changes
in the egg. II. Partial fertilization. One double plate 361
W. E. RiTTER and Myrtle E. Johnson. The growth and differentiation of the
chain of Cyclosalpa affinis (Chamisso). Four plates 395
Oscar Riddle. On the formation, significance and chemistry of the white
and yellow yolk of ova. Three plates . 455
No. 3. SEPTEMBER
Charles W. Hargitt. Some problems of eoelenterate ontogeny. Three
plates and three text figures 493
Victor E. Shelford. Physiological animal geography. Nineteen figures. . . 551
R. M. Strong. On the olfactory organs and the sense of smell in birds. Two
plates and four text figures 619
Henry H. Donaldson. On the regular seasonal changes in the relative
weight of the central nervous system of the leopard frog. Five charts. . . 663
Ralph S. Lillie. The physiology of cell-division. IV. The action of salt
solutions followed by hypertonic sea-water on unfertilized sea-urchin
eggs and the role of membranes in mitosis. Three figures 695
ThOs. H. Montgomery, Jr. The spermatogenesis of an hemipteron, Eus
chistus. Five plates— 147 figures 731
Winterton C. Curtis. The life history of the Scolex polymorphus of the
Woods Hole region. Thirteen figures 821
No. 4. DECEMBER
H. H. Newman and J. Thomas Patterson. The limits of hereditary control
in armadillo quadruplets : A study of blastogenic variation. Five figures
and eight plates 855
Charles Zeleny. Experiments on the control of asymmetry in the development of the serpulid, Hydroides dianthus. Seven figures 927
William A. Locy. Anatomical illustration before Vesalius. Twenty-three
figures 945
S. J. Holmes. Minimal size reduction in planarians through successive regenerations 989
E. H. Harper. The geotropism of Paramoecium. Five figures 993
Elliot Rowland Downing. The formation of the spermatophore in Arenicola and a theory of the alternation of generations in animals. Four
plates and seven text figures 1001
Biography, Charles Otis Whitman. Five portraits xv

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Journal of Morphology 22 (1911)

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Charles Otis Whitman

Founded by C. O . Whitman


EDITED BY

J. S. KINGSLEY

Tufts College, Mass. with the collaboration of Gary N. Calkins T. H. Montgomery

Columbia University University of Pennsylvania

W. M. Wheeler William Patten

Bussey Institution, Harvard University Dartmouth College

Edwin G. Conklin

Princeton University


VOLUME 22 1911

THE WISTAR INSTITUTE OF ANATOMY AND BIOLOGY PHILADELPHIA


WAVERLY PRESS BALTIMORE, U S. A.


PREFATORY NOTE

In 1909 a number of friends of Professor Charles Otis Whitman planned a volume of the Journal of Morphology as an acknowledgment of the debt of American science to him as the founder and editor of the Journal.

A committee, consisting of Frank R. Lillie, Edwin G. Conkhn and Thomas H. Morgan, was appointed to receive contributions of articles from his former students and his associates of the Marine Biological Laboratory. It was decided that the numbers for the year 1911 should constitute a 'Whitman Volume.'

Professor Whitman died in 1910 before the first number was issued and the volume becomes a memorial to one who had a wide influence in the elevation of biological science.

As Whitman's ideals were broader than mere morphology, so the volume in the scope of its contents overlaps that field on all sides.

The articles which were accepted by the committee were so numerous and extensive that not all of them could be published during the present year, although the volume is far larger than usual; consequently some of them will appear, with proper acknowledgment, in the next volume of the Journal of Morphology.


THE CHARLES OTIS WHITMAN MEMORIAL VOLUME


EDITORIAL COMMITTEE

Frank R. Lillie Edwin G. Conklin Thomas H. Morgan


TO THE MEMORY OF

CHARLES OTIS WHITMAN

1842-1910 THIS VOLUME IS DEDICATED

BY

HIS PUPILS AND ASSOCIATES


CONTENTS

1910


No. 1. MARCH

Bennet M. Allen. The origin of the sex-cells of Amia and Lepidosteus.

Twenty-seven figures 1

Leo Loeb. The cyclic changes in the ovary of the guinea pig 37

Edmund B. Wilson. Studies on chromosomes. VII. A review of the

chromosomes of Nezara; with some more general considerations. Nine

figures. One plate 71

C. B. Davenport. The transplantation of ovaries in chickens HI

W. J. Moenkhaus. The effects of inbreeding and selection on the fertility,

vigor and sex ratio of Drosophila ampelophila 123

G. H. Parker. The mechanism of locomotion in gastropods. One figure 155


No. 2. JUNE

C. M. Child. The regulatory processes in organisms 171

Lorande Loss Woodruff. Paramecium aurelia and Paramecium caudatum.

One figure ' 223

E. A. Andrews. Male organs for sperm-transfer in the crayfish, Cambarus

affinis; their structure and use. Four plates and thirty-one text figures. . 239

Wallace Craig. Oviposition induced by the male in pigeons 299

William Morton Wheeler. The ant-colony as an organism 307

Oilman A. Drew. Sexual activities of the squid, Loligo pealii (Les). Four

plates 327

Frank R. LiLLiE. Studies of fertilization in Nereis. I. The cortical "changes

in the egg. II. Partial fertilization. One double plate 361

W. E. RiTTER and Myrtle E. Johnson. The growth and differentiation of the

chain of Cyclosalpa affinis (Chamisso). Four plates 395

Oscar Riddle. On the formation, significance and chemistry of the white

and yellow yolk of ova. Three plates . 455


No. 3. SEPTEMBER

Charles W. Hargitt. Some problems of eoelenterate ontogeny. Three

plates and three text figures 493

Victor E. Shelford. Physiological animal geography. Nineteen figures. . . 551 R. M. Strong. On the olfactory organs and the sense of smell in birds. Two

plates and four text figures 619

Henry H. Donaldson. On the regular seasonal changes in the relative

weight of the central nervous system of the leopard frog. Five charts. . . 663 Ralph S. Lillie. The physiology of cell-division. IV. The action of salt

solutions followed by hypertonic sea-water on unfertilized sea-urchin

eggs and the role of membranes in mitosis. Three figures 695

ThOs. H. Montgomery, Jr. The spermatogenesis of an hemipteron, Eus chistus. Five plates— 147 figures 731

Winterton C. Curtis. The life history of the Scolex polymorphus of the

Woods Hole region. Thirteen figures 821


No. 4. DECEMBER

H. H. Newman and J. Thomas Patterson. The limits of hereditary control in armadillo quadruplets : A study of blastogenic variation. Five figures and eight plates 855

Charles Zeleny. Experiments on the control of asymmetry in the development of the serpulid, Hydroides dianthus. Seven figures 927

William A. Locy. Anatomical illustration before Vesalius. Twenty-three

figures 945

S. J. Holmes. Minimal size reduction in planarians through successive regenerations 989

E. H. Harper. The geotropism of Paramoecium. Five figures 993

Elliot Rowland Downing. The formation of the spermatophore in Arenicola and a theory of the alternation of generations in animals. Four plates and seven text figures 1001


Biography, Charles Otis Whitman. Five portraits xv