Genital System Development: Difference between revisions

From Embryology
mNo edit summary
mNo edit summary
Line 298: Line 298:
<gallery>
<gallery>
File:Keith1902 fig079.jpg|Fig. 79. Scheme of the Wolffian Body of the right side.
File:Keith1902 fig079.jpg|Fig. 79. Scheme of the Wolffian Body of the right side.
File:Keith1902 fig080.jpg|Fig. 80. Diagrammatic section to show the position of the Wolffian and Genital Ridges on the dorsal wall of the abdomen.
File:Keith1902 fig080.jpg|Fig. 80. Position of the Wolffian and Genital Ridges on the dorsal wall of the abdomen.
File:Keith1902 fig081.jpg|Fig. 81. Remnants of the Wolffian Body in the Female.
File:Keith1902 fig081.jpg|Fig. 81. Remnants of the Wolffian Body in the Female.
File:Keith1902 fig082.jpg|Fig. 82. Remnant of the "Wolffian Body in the Male.
File:Keith1902 fig082.jpg|Fig. 82. Remnant of the "Wolffian Body in the Male.
File:Keith1902 fig083.jpg|Fig. 83. The Origin of the Renal Bud (diagrammatic).
File:Keith1902 fig083.jpg|Fig. 83. The Origin of the Renal Bud (diagrammatic).
File:Keith1902 fig084.jpg|Fig. 84. The Termination of the Ureter in the Bladder and Sub-division of the Renal Bud
File:Keith1902 fig084.jpg|Fig. 84. The Termination of the Ureter in the Bladder and Sub-division of the Renal Bud
File:Keith1902 fig085.jpg|Fig. 85. A transverse section to show the manner in which the Wolffian and Müllerian Ducts arite, and their position in the Wolffian Ridge. (After Kollmann.) .
File:Keith1902 fig085.jpg|Fig. 85. A transverse section to show Wolffian and Müllerian Ducts arise, and their position in the Wolffian Ridge.
File:Keith1902 fig086.jpg|Fig. 86. Diagram of the Genital Ducts at -the commencement of the 3rd month of foetal life. Lateral view.
File:Keith1902 fig086.jpg|Fig. 86. Diagram of the Genital Ducts at -the commencement of the 3rd month of foetal life. Lateral view.
File:Keith1902 fig087.jpg|Fig. 87. Diagram of the Müllerian Ducts at the commencement of the 3rd month. Ventral view.
File:Keith1902 fig087.jpg|Fig. 87. Diagram of the Müllerian Ducts at the commencement of the 3rd month. Ventral view.
File:Keith1902 fig088.jpg|Fig. 88. Evolution of the Human Form of Uterua. A Form seen in lowest mammals, reptiles, amphibians, fishes, and in the 2nd month human foetus. B. Form of Mullerian Ducts in rodents. C. Form in Camivora, etc., and in the 4th month human foetus. D. Form found in man and higher primates.
File:Keith1902 fig088.jpg|Fig. 88. Evolution of the Human Form of Uterua.
File:Keith1902 fig089.jpg|Fig. 89. Showing the manner in which the Mulleriau Ducts fuse to form the Uterus and Vagina.
File:Keith1902 fig089.jpg|Fig. 89. Showing the manner in which the Mulleriau Ducts fuse to form the Uterus and Vagina.
File:Keith1902 fig090.jpg|Fig. 90. A section of the Prostate showing the Hemnants of the lower ends of the Mttllerian Ducts in the male.
File:Keith1902 fig090.jpg|Fig. 90. A section of the Prostate showing the Hemnants of the lower ends of the Mttllerian Ducts in the male.
File:Keith1902 fig091.jpg|Fig. 91. A section of a Prostate showing an unusually developed Uterus Masculinus. (After Primrose.)  
File:Keith1902 fig091.jpg|Fig. 91. A section of a Prostate showing an unusually developed Uterus Masculinus. (After Primrose.)  
File:Keith1902 fig092.jpg|Fig. 92. Section showing the Uro-genital Sinus. A. In the 4th month female human foetus. B. In the 5th month female human foetus.
File:Keith1902 fig092.jpg|Fig. 92. Section showing the Uro-genital Sinus. A. 4th month female human foetus. B. 5th month female human foetus.
File:Keith1902 fig093.jpg|Fig. 93. Section showing the Uro-genital Sinus in the male foetus.
File:Keith1902 fig093.jpg|Fig. 93. Section showing the Uro-genital Sinus in the male foetus.
File:Keith1902 fig094.jpg|Fig. 94. A section to show the condition of the Vagina and Uterus at the 7th month of foetal life.
File:Keith1902 fig094.jpg|Fig. 94. A section to show the condition of the Vagina and Uterus at the 7th month of foetal life.
File:Keith1902 fig095.jpg|Fig. 95. The Division of the Cloaca into Rectal and Uro-genital Parts.
File:Keith1902 fig095.jpg|Fig. 95. The Division of the Cloaca into Rectal and Uro-genital Parts.
File:Keith1902 fig096.jpg|Fig. 96. A case of Imperforate Anus due to a persistence of the Anal Plate.
File:Keith1902 fig096.jpg|Fig. 96. Imperforate Anus due to a persistence of the Anal Plate.
File:Keith1902 fig097.jpg|Fig. 97. A case in which the Rectal part of the Anal Plate has persisted and the Cloacal Septum has failed to fuse with the Perineal Septum.
File:Keith1902 fig097.jpg|Fig. 97. Rectal part of the Anal Plate has persisted and the Cloacal Septum has failed to fuse with the Perineal Septum.
File:Keith1902 fig098.jpg|Fig. 98. The Uro-genital Cleft or Depression and the Genital Tubercle and Folds towards the end of the 2nd month.
File:Keith1902 fig098.jpg|Fig. 98. The Uro-genital Cleft or Depression and the Genital Tubercle and Folds towards the end of the 2nd month.
File:Keith1902 fig099.jpg|Fig. 99. A section of the male bladder and urethra at birth, showing the structures derived from the intra-abdominal part of the Allantois and from the Cloaca.
File:Keith1902 fig099.jpg|Fig. 99. A section of the male bladder and urethra at birth.
File:Keith1902 fig100.jpg|Fig. 100. A A section to show the condition of parts in Ectopia Vesicae.
File:Keith1902 fig100.jpg|Fig. 100. A A section to show the condition of parts in Ectopia Vesicae.
File:Keith1902 fig101.jpg|Fig. 101. A diagram to show the position at which the Prostatic Tubules arise.
File:Keith1902 fig101.jpg|Fig. 101. A diagram to show the position at which the Prostatic Tubules arise.
File:Keith1902 fig102.jpg|Fig. 102. The Position of the Testis in a foetus of 2£ months .
File:Keith1902 fig102.jpg|Fig. 102. The Position of the Testis in a foetus of 2£ months .
File:Keith1902 fig103.jpg|Fig. 103. Showing the Position of the Testis at the 6th month, and the Formation of the Gubernaculum Testis.
File:Keith1902 fig103.jpg|Fig. 103. Showing the Position of the Testis at the 6th month, and the Formation of the Gubernaculum Testis.
File:Keith1902 fig104.jpg|Fig. 104. The manner in which the structures in the wall of the abdomen are carried out so as to form the Inguinal Canal and Coverings of the Testis.
File:Keith1902 fig104.jpg|Fig. 104. Structures in the wall of the abdomen are carried out so as to form the Inguinal Canal and Coverings of the Testis.
File:Keith1902 fig105.jpg|Fig. 105. A diagram of the Processus Vaginalis.
File:Keith1902 fig105.jpg|Fig. 105. A diagram of the Processus Vaginalis.
</gallery>
</gallery>


{{Keith1902_9_figures}}
:[[Book - Human Embryology and Morphology 9|'''The Uro-genital System''']]: [[:File:Keith1902 fig079.jpg|Fig. 79. Wolffian Body]] | [[:File:Keith1902 fig080.jpg|Fig. 80. Wolffian and Genital Ridges]] | [[:File:Keith1902 fig081.jpg|Fig. 81. Female Wolffian Body Remnants]] | [[:File:Keith1902 fig082.jpg|Fig. 82. Male Wolffian Body Remnants]] |[[:File:Keith1902 fig083.jpg|Fig. 83. Renal Bud]] | [[:File:Keith1902 fig084.jpg|Fig. 84. Ureter in the Bladder]] | [[:File:Keith1902 fig085.jpg|Fig. 85. Wolffian and Müllerian Ducts]] | [[:File:Keith1902 fig086.jpg|Fig. 86. Genital Ducts 3rd month]] | [[:File:Keith1902 fig087.jpg|Fig. 87. Müllerian Ducts 3rd month]] | [[:File:Keith1902 fig088.jpg|Fig. 88. Uterus]] | [[:File:Keith1902 fig089.jpg|Fig. 89. Uterus and Vagina]] | [[:File:Keith1902 fig090.jpg|Fig. 90. Prostate remnants of Müllerian Ducts]] | [[:File:Keith1902 fig091.jpg|Fig. 91. Prostate showing an unusual Uterus Masculinus]] | [[:File:Keith1902 fig092.jpg|Fig. 92. Female Uro-genital Sinus]] | [[:File:Keith1902 fig093.jpg|Fig. 93.  Male Uro-genital Sinus]] | [[:File:Keith1902 fig094.jpg|Fig. 94. Vagina and Uterus at 7th month]] | [[:File:Keith1902 fig095.jpg|Fig. 95. Division of the Cloaca]] | [[:File:Keith1902 fig096.jpg|Fig. 96. Imperforate Anus]] | [[:File:Keith1902 fig097.jpg|Fig. 97. Cloacal Septum has failed to fuse with Perineal Septum]] | [[:File:Keith1902 fig098.jpg|Fig. 98. The Uro-genital Cleft 2nd month]] | [[:File:Keith1902 fig099.jpg|Fig. 99. Male bladder and urethra at birth]] | [[:File:Keith1902 fig100.jpg|Fig. 100. Ectopia Vesicae]] | [[:File:Keith1902 fig101.jpg|Fig. 101. Prostatic Tubules]] | [[:File:Keith1902 fig102.jpg|Fig. 102. Testis in a foetus of 2£ months]] | [[:File:Keith1902 fig103.jpg|Fig. 103. Testis at the 6th month]] | [[:File:Keith1902 fig104.jpg|Fig. 104. Inguinal Canal and Coverings of the Testis]] | [[:File:Keith1902 fig105.jpg|Fig. 105. Processus Vaginalis]] | [[Book_-_Human_Embryology_and_Morphology_Figures|Figures]]


<gallery>
<gallery>

Revision as of 18:30, 1 June 2014

Embryology - 26 Apr 2024    Facebook link Pinterest link Twitter link  Expand to Translate  
Google Translate - select your language from the list shown below (this will open a new external page)

العربية | català | 中文 | 中國傳統的 | français | Deutsche | עִברִית | हिंदी | bahasa Indonesia | italiano | 日本語 | 한국어 | မြန်မာ | Pilipino | Polskie | português | ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਦੇ | Română | русский | Español | Swahili | Svensk | ไทย | Türkçe | اردو | ייִדיש | Tiếng Việt    These external translations are automated and may not be accurate. (More? About Translations)

Introduction

Female uterus development

The male and female reproductive systems develop initially "indifferently", it is the product of the Y chromosome SRY gene that makes the "difference". Mesonephric duct (Wolffian Duct) and paramesonephric (Müllerian Duct) contribute the majority of male and female internal genital tract respectively.

The mesonephric/paramesonephric duct changes are one of the first male/female differences that occur in development, while external genitaila remain indeterminate in appearance for quite a while.

There are many different issues to consider in the development of the genital system. Importantly its sex chromosome dependence, late embryonic/fetal differential development, complex morphogenic changes, long time-course, hormonal sensitivity and hormonal influences make it a system prone to many different abnormalities.


This current page provides only a general introduction to the topic, use the links listed below to read about specific developmental topics.


Genital Links: genital | Lecture - Medicine | Lecture - Science | Lecture Movie | Medicine - Practical | primordial germ cell | meiosis | endocrine gonad‎ | Genital Movies | genital abnormalities | Assisted Reproductive Technology | puberty | Category:Genital
Female | X | X inactivation | ovary | corpus luteum | oocyte | uterus | vagina | reproductive cycles | menstrual cycle | Category:Female
Male | Y | SRY | testis | spermatozoa | ductus deferens | penis | prostate | Category:Male
Historic Embryology - Genital 
General: 1901 Urinogenital Tract | 1902 The Uro-Genital System | 1904 Ovary and Testis | 1912 Urinogenital Organ Development | 1914 External Genitalia | 1921 Urogenital Development | 1921 External Genital | 1942 Sex Cords | 1953 Germ Cells | Historic Embryology Papers | Historic Disclaimer
Female: 1904 Ovary and Testis | 1904 Hymen | 1912 Urinogenital Organ Development | 1914 External Genitalia | 1914 Female | 1921 External Genital | 1927 Female Foetus 15 cm | 1927 Vagina | 1932 Postnatal Ovary
Male: 1887-88 Testis | 1904 Ovary and Testis | 1904 Leydig Cells | 1906 Testis vascular | 1909 Prostate | 1912 Prostate | 1914 External Genitalia | 1915 Cowper’s and Bartholin’s Glands | 1920 Wolffian tubules | 1935 Prepuce | 1935 Wolffian Duct | 1942 Sex Cords | 1943 Testes Descent | Historic Embryology Papers | Historic Disclaimer

Some Recent Findings

Male urogenital development (stage 22)
  • Expression analysis identifies cascades of activation and repression and maps a putative regulator of mammalian sex determination[1] "In vertebrates, primary sex determination refers to the decision within a bipotential organ precursor to differentiate as a testis or ovary. Bifurcation of organ fate begins between embryonic day (E) 11.0-E12.0 in mice and likely involves a dynamic transcription network that is poorly understood. ...We provide strong evidence that Lmo4 (Lim-domain only 4) is a novel regulator of sex determination upstream of SF1 (Nr5a1), Sox9, Fgf9, and Col9a3. This approach can be readily applied to identify regulatory interactions in other systems."
  • Male reproductive tract abnormalities: More common after assisted reproduction?[2] "IVF and ICSI, by increasing the risks of prematurity, low birthweight, and multiple gestation, are indirect risk factors for developing male genital malformations. In infants with normal birhtweight or from singleton pregnancies, ICSI is a specific risk factor for hypospadias."
  • Temporal and spatial dissection of Shh signaling in genital tubercle development.[3] "Genital tubercle (GT) initiation and outgrowth involve coordinated morphogenesis of surface ectoderm, cloacal mesoderm and hindgut endoderm. GT development appears to mirror that of the limb. Although Shh is essential for the development of both appendages, its role in GT development is much less clear than in the limb. Here, by removing Shh at different stages during GT development in mice, we demonstrate a continuous requirement for Shh in GT initiation and subsequent androgen-independent GT growth."
  • Bmp7 expression and null phenotype in the urogenital system suggest a role in re-organization of the urethral epithelium. [4] "Signaling by Bone morphogenetic proteins (Bmps) has multiple and diverse roles in patterning and morphogenesis of the kidney, eye, limbs and the neural tube. ...Together, our analysis of Bmp7 expression and the null phenotype, indicates that Bmp7 may play an important role in re-organization of the epithelium during cloacal septation and morphogenesis of the genital tubercle."

Textbooks

  • Human Embryology (2nd ed.) Larson Chapter 10 p261-306
  • The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology (6th ed.) Moore and Persaud Chapter 13 p303-346
  • Before We Are Born (5th ed.) Moore and Persaud Chapter 14 p289-326
  • Essentials of Human Embryology, Larson Chapter 10 p173-205
  • Human Embryology, Fitzgerald and Fitzgerald Chapter 21-22 p134-152
  • Developmental Biology (6th ed.) Gilbert Chapter 14 Intermediate Mesoderm

Historic-ovary.jpg Historic-testis.jpg

Objectives

  • Understand the role of the Y chromosome in sex determination.
  • Understand the differences in male/female duct develpoment (mesonephric/paramesonephric).
  • Compare the development of the cloaca in the male and female.
  • Understand the developmental abnormalities in male and female development.

Movies

Genital Movies
Urogenital sinus 001 icon.jpg
 ‎‎Renal Overview
Page | Play
Gonad-icon.jpg
 ‎‎Ovary
Page | Play
Gonad-icon.jpg
 ‎‎Testis
Page | Play
Female external 001 icon.jpg
 ‎‎Female External‎‎
Page | Play
Male external 001 icon.jpg
 ‎‎Male External
Page | Play
Uterus 001 icon.jpg
 ‎‎Uterus
Page | Play
Testis 001 icon.jpg
 ‎‎Testis Descent
Page | Play
Gonad blood 01 icon.jpg
 ‎‎Gonad Vascular
Page | Play
Mouse Primordial Germ Cell Migration
Primordial germ cell 001 icon.jpg
 ‎‎Germ Cell E9.0
Page | Play
Primordial germ cell 002 icon.jpg
 ‎‎Germ Cell E9.5
Page | Play
Primordial germ cell 003 icon.jpg
 ‎‎Germ Cell E10.5
Page | Play


Mouse Primordial Germ Cell Migration
Primordial germ cell 001 icon.jpg
 ‎‎Germ Cell E9.0
Page | Play
Primordial germ cell 002 icon.jpg
 ‎‎Germ Cell E9.5
Page | Play
Primordial germ cell 003 icon.jpg
 ‎‎Germ Cell E10.5
Page | Play

Development Overview

Three main stages during development, mesonephric/paramesonephric duct changes are one of the first male/female differences that occur in development, while external genitaila remain indeterminate in appearance for quite a while.

  1. Differentiation of gonad (Sex determination)
  2. Differentiation of internal genital organs
  3. Differentiation of external genital organs

The 2nd and 3rd stages dependent on endocrine gonad. Reproductive development has a long maturation timecourse, begining in the embryo and finishing in puberty. (More? Puberty Development)

Sexual Development Genes

Table below modified from Table 1. Genes implicated in sexual development in mammals in recent review article.[5]

Gene Protein Function Gonad Phenotype of Null Mice Human Syndrome
Bipotential gonad
Wt1 Transcription factor Blockage in genital ridge development Denys-Drash, WAGR, Frasier syndrome
Sf1 Nuclear receptor Blockage in genital ridge development Embryonic testicular regression syndrome
Lhx9 Transcription factor Blockage in genital ridge development a
Emx2 Transcription factor Blockage in genital ridge development a
M33 Transcription factor Gonadal dysgenesis a
Testis-determining pathway
Gata4/Fog2 Transcription/cofactor Reduced Sry levels, XY sex reversal a
Sry Transcription factor XY sex reversal XY sex reversal (LOF); XX sex reversal (GOF)
Sox9 Transcription factor XY sex reversal Campomelic dysplasia, XX sex reversal (GOF)
Sox8 Transcription factor XY sex reversal in combination with partial loss of Sox9 function a
Fgf9 Signaling molecule XY sex reversal a
Dax1 Nuclear receptor Impaired testis cord formation and spermatogenesis Hypogonadism
Pod1 Transcription factor XY sex reversal a
Dhh Signaling molecule Impaired differentiation of Leydig and PM cells XY gonadal dysgenesis
Pgdra Receptor Reduction in mesonephric cell migration a
Pgds Enzyme No phenotype a
Arx Transcription factor Abnormal testicular differentiation X-linked lissencephaly with abnormal genitalia
Atrx Helicase ND ATRX syndrome
Insl3 Signaling factor Blockage of testicular descent Cryptorchidism
Lgr8 Receptor Blockage of testicular descent Cryptorchidism
Hoxa10 Transcription factor Blockage of testicular descent Cryptorchidism
Hoxal1 Transcription factor Blockage of testicular descent Cryptorchidism
Amh Hormone No Müllerian duct degeneration Persistent Müllerian duct syndrome
Misrl1 Receptor No Müllerian duct degeneration Persistent Müllerian duct syndrome
Pax2 Transcription factor Dysgenesis of mesonephric tubules a
Lim1 Transcription factor Agenesis of Wolffian and Müllerian ducts a
Dmrt1 Transcription factor Loss of Sertoli and germ cells XY femaleb
Ovary-determining pathway
Wnt4 Signaling molecule Müllerian duct agenesis, testosterone synthesis, and coelomic vessel formation XY female (GOF)
FoxL2 Transcription factor Premature ovarian failure BPES
Dax1 Nuclear receptor XY sex reversal (GOF) XY sex reversal (GOF)
  • BPES - blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome
  • GOF - gain-of-function mutation
  • LOF - loss-of-function mutation
  • ND - not determined
  • WAGR - Wilms' tumor-aniridia-genitourinary malformations-mental retardation

a No mutations in human sexual disorders identified to date.

b Candidate gene for 9p deletion, XY sex reversal.

Historic

See also section Historic Embryology Images.

Johannes Müller (1801-1858)


Historic Images of Genital Changes

Urogenital Indifferent Urogenital Male Urogenital Female
Urogenital indifferent Urogenital male Urogenital female

Additional Images

  • Rabbit Gonad Development Timeline PMID 23593221

    Rabbit Gonad Development Timeline PMID 23593221

  • Stages of primordial germ cell migration PMID 20027186

    Stages of primordial germ cell migration PMID 20027186

Historic Embryology Images

Historic Disclaimer - information about historic embryology pages 
Mark Hill.jpg
Pages where the terms "Historic" (textbooks, papers, people, recommendations) appear on this site, and sections within pages where this disclaimer appears, indicate that the content and scientific understanding are specific to the time of publication. This means that while some scientific descriptions are still accurate, the terminology and interpretation of the developmental mechanisms reflect the understanding at the time of original publication and those of the preceding periods, these terms, interpretations and recommendations may not reflect our current scientific understanding.     (More? Embryology History | Historic Embryology Papers)

Keith, A. (1902) Human Embryology and Morphology. London: Edward Arnold.

Chapter 9 - The Uro-genital System

  • Fig. 79. Scheme of the Wolffian Body of the right side.

    Fig. 79. Scheme of the Wolffian Body of the right side.

  • Fig. 80. Position of the Wolffian and Genital Ridges on the dorsal wall of the abdomen.

    Fig. 80. Position of the Wolffian and Genital Ridges on the dorsal wall of the abdomen.

  • Fig. 81. Remnants of the Wolffian Body in the Female.

    Fig. 81. Remnants of the Wolffian Body in the Female.

  • Fig. 82. Remnant of the "Wolffian Body in the Male.

    Fig. 82. Remnant of the "Wolffian Body in the Male.

  • Fig. 83. The Origin of the Renal Bud (diagrammatic).

    Fig. 83. The Origin of the Renal Bud (diagrammatic).

  • Fig. 84. The Termination of the Ureter in the Bladder and Sub-division of the Renal Bud

    Fig. 84. The Termination of the Ureter in the Bladder and Sub-division of the Renal Bud

  • Fig. 85. A transverse section to show Wolffian and Müllerian Ducts arise, and their position in the Wolffian Ridge.

    Fig. 85. A transverse section to show Wolffian and Müllerian Ducts arise, and their position in the Wolffian Ridge.

  • Fig. 86. Diagram of the Genital Ducts at -the commencement of the 3rd month of foetal life. Lateral view.

    Fig. 86. Diagram of the Genital Ducts at -the commencement of the 3rd month of foetal life. Lateral view.

  • Fig. 87. Diagram of the Müllerian Ducts at the commencement of the 3rd month. Ventral view.

    Fig. 87. Diagram of the Müllerian Ducts at the commencement of the 3rd month. Ventral view.

  • Fig. 88. Evolution of the Human Form of Uterua.

    Fig. 88. Evolution of the Human Form of Uterua.

  • Fig. 89. Showing the manner in which the Mulleriau Ducts fuse to form the Uterus and Vagina.

    Fig. 89. Showing the manner in which the Mulleriau Ducts fuse to form the Uterus and Vagina.

  • Fig. 90. A section of the Prostate showing the Hemnants of the lower ends of the Mttllerian Ducts in the male.

    Fig. 90. A section of the Prostate showing the Hemnants of the lower ends of the Mttllerian Ducts in the male.

  • Fig. 91. A section of a Prostate showing an unusually developed Uterus Masculinus. (After Primrose.)

    Fig. 91. A section of a Prostate showing an unusually developed Uterus Masculinus. (After Primrose.)

  • Fig. 92. Section showing the Uro-genital Sinus. A. 4th month female human foetus. B. 5th month female human foetus.

    Fig. 92. Section showing the Uro-genital Sinus. A. 4th month female human foetus. B. 5th month female human foetus.

  • Fig. 93. Section showing the Uro-genital Sinus in the male foetus.

    Fig. 93. Section showing the Uro-genital Sinus in the male foetus.

  • Fig. 94. A section to show the condition of the Vagina and Uterus at the 7th month of foetal life.

    Fig. 94. A section to show the condition of the Vagina and Uterus at the 7th month of foetal life.

  • Fig. 95. The Division of the Cloaca into Rectal and Uro-genital Parts.

    Fig. 95. The Division of the Cloaca into Rectal and Uro-genital Parts.

  • Fig. 96. Imperforate Anus due to a persistence of the Anal Plate.

    Fig. 96. Imperforate Anus due to a persistence of the Anal Plate.

  • Fig. 97. Rectal part of the Anal Plate has persisted and the Cloacal Septum has failed to fuse with the Perineal Septum.

    Fig. 97. Rectal part of the Anal Plate has persisted and the Cloacal Septum has failed to fuse with the Perineal Septum.

  • Fig. 98. The Uro-genital Cleft or Depression and the Genital Tubercle and Folds towards the end of the 2nd month.

    Fig. 98. The Uro-genital Cleft or Depression and the Genital Tubercle and Folds towards the end of the 2nd month.

  • Fig. 99. A section of the male bladder and urethra at birth.

    Fig. 99. A section of the male bladder and urethra at birth.

  • Fig. 100. A A section to show the condition of parts in Ectopia Vesicae.

    Fig. 100. A A section to show the condition of parts in Ectopia Vesicae.

  • Fig. 101. A diagram to show the position at which the Prostatic Tubules arise.

    Fig. 101. A diagram to show the position at which the Prostatic Tubules arise.

  • Fig. 102. The Position of the Testis in a foetus of 2£ months .

    Fig. 102. The Position of the Testis in a foetus of 2£ months .

  • Fig. 103. Showing the Position of the Testis at the 6th month, and the Formation of the Gubernaculum Testis.

    Fig. 103. Showing the Position of the Testis at the 6th month, and the Formation of the Gubernaculum Testis.

  • Fig. 104. Structures in the wall of the abdomen are carried out so as to form the Inguinal Canal and Coverings of the Testis.

    Fig. 104. Structures in the wall of the abdomen are carried out so as to form the Inguinal Canal and Coverings of the Testis.

  • Fig. 105. A diagram of the Processus Vaginalis.

    Fig. 105. A diagram of the Processus Vaginalis.

The Uro-genital System: Fig. 79. Wolffian Body | Fig. 80. Wolffian and Genital Ridges | Fig. 81. Female Wolffian Body Remnants | Fig. 82. Male Wolffian Body Remnants |Fig. 83. Renal Bud | Fig. 84. Ureter in the Bladder | Fig. 85. Wolffian and Müllerian Ducts | Fig. 86. Genital Ducts 3rd month | Fig. 87. Müllerian Ducts 3rd month | Fig. 88. Uterus | Fig. 89. Uterus and Vagina | Fig. 90. Prostate remnants of Müllerian Ducts | Fig. 91. Prostate showing an unusual Uterus Masculinus | Fig. 92. Female Uro-genital Sinus | Fig. 93. Male Uro-genital Sinus | Fig. 94. Vagina and Uterus at 7th month | Fig. 95. Division of the Cloaca | Fig. 96. Imperforate Anus | Fig. 97. Cloacal Septum has failed to fuse with Perineal Septum | Fig. 98. The Uro-genital Cleft 2nd month | Fig. 99. Male bladder and urethra at birth | Fig. 100. Ectopia Vesicae | Fig. 101. Prostatic Tubules | Fig. 102. Testis in a foetus of 2£ months | Fig. 103. Testis at the 6th month | Fig. 104. Inguinal Canal and Coverings of the Testis | Fig. 105. Processus Vaginalis | Figures
  • Historic - Showing the developing mesonephros.

    Historic - Showing the developing mesonephros.

  • Historic - Human embryo of 5 weeks genital ridge.

    Historic - Human embryo of 5 weeks genital ridge.

  • Historic - Persistent portions of the mesonephros in the male.

    Historic - Persistent portions of the mesonephros in the male.

  • Historic - Persistent portions of the mesonephros in the female.

    Historic - Persistent portions of the mesonephros in the female.

  • Historic - Section of testicle pig embryo of 62 mm.

    Historic - Section of testicle pig embryo of 62 mm.

  • Historic - external genitalia embryo 16.8 mm long.

    Historic - external genitalia embryo 16.8 mm long.

  • Historic - external genitalia beginning of definitive period 45-49 mm.

    Historic - external genitalia beginning of definitive period 45-49 mm.

  • Historic - embryo 9-15 mm.

    Historic - embryo 9-15 mm.

  • Historic - embryo 14-25 mm.

    Historic - embryo 14-25 mm.

  • Historic - embryo 37-51 mm.

    Historic - embryo 37-51 mm.

  • Historic - embryo 51-100 mm.

    Historic - embryo 51-100 mm.

References

  1. ↑ <pubmed>23874228 </pubmed>
  2. ↑ <pubmed>20674196</pubmed>
  3. ↑ <pubmed>19906863</pubmed>
  4. ↑ <pubmed>19159697</pubmed>
  5. ↑ <pubmed>17237341</pubmed>| Physiol. Rev.


Reviews

Articles

Search PubMed

Search April 2010

  • Genital System Development - All (868) Review (212) Free Full Text (170)
  • Genital Development - All (5365) Review (1170) Free Full Text (1024)

Search Pubmed: Genital System Development | Genital Development

Terms

System Links: Introduction | Cardiovascular | Coelomic Cavity | Endocrine | Gastrointestinal Tract | Genital | Head | Immune | Integumentary | Musculoskeletal | Neural | Neural Crest | Placenta | Renal | Respiratory | Sensory | Birth


Glossary Links

Glossary: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | Numbers | Symbols | Term Link


Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 26) Embryology Genital System Development. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Genital_System_Development

What Links Here?
© Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G
Retrieved from ‘https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php?title=Genital_System_Development&oldid=137450’
Powered by MediaWiki