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(Down syndrome or trisomy 21 is caused by nondisjunction of chromosome 21 in a parent who is chromosomally normal and is one of the most common chromosomal abnormalities in liveborn children. The frequency of trisomy 21 in the population is approximately 1) |
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Down syndrome or trisomy 21 is caused by nondisjunction of chromosome 21 in a parent who is chromosomally normal and is one of the most common chromosomal abnormalities in liveborn children. The frequency of trisomy 21 in the population is approximately 1 in 650 to 1,000 live births, in Australia between 1991-97 there were 2,358 Trisomy 21 (Down) infants. | ==Trisomy 21 (Down Syndrome) Female Karyotype== | ||
Down syndrome or [[trisomy 21]] is caused by nondisjunction of chromosome 21 in a parent who is chromosomally normal and is one of the most common chromosomal abnormalities in liveborn children. The frequency of trisomy 21 in the population is approximately 1 in 650 to 1,000 live births, in Australia between 1991-97 there were 2,358 Trisomy 21 (Down) infants. | |||
* The normal human karyotypes contain 22 pairs of autosomal chromosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes. | |||
* The karyotype is the characteristic chromosome complement as identified by staining and can only be identified during cell division when chromosomes are folded. | |||
* The chromosomes when organised as an image in sequence are called a karyogram or idiogram. | |||
{{Trisomy 21 karyotype links}} | |||
===Chromosome 21=== | |||
* the smallest human chromosome | |||
* about 47 million base pair | |||
* about 1.5 % of the total DNA in cells | |||
* contains between 300 and 400 genes (of human estimated 20,000 to 25,000 total genes) | |||
* [[trisomy 21]] or Downs Syndrome - additional copy of this chromosome | |||
* partial monosomy 21 - missing segment of the chromosome in each cell | |||
* ring chromosome 21 - circular structure, occurs when there are two breaks in a chromosome and the ends of the chromosome then fuse together | |||
{{Footer}} | |||
[[Category:Abnormal Development]] [[Category:Genetic Abnormalities]] [[Category:Human Embryo]] [[Category:Human Fetus]] |
Latest revision as of 12:10, 20 July 2015
Trisomy 21 (Down Syndrome) Female Karyotype
Down syndrome or trisomy 21 is caused by nondisjunction of chromosome 21 in a parent who is chromosomally normal and is one of the most common chromosomal abnormalities in liveborn children. The frequency of trisomy 21 in the population is approximately 1 in 650 to 1,000 live births, in Australia between 1991-97 there were 2,358 Trisomy 21 (Down) infants.
- The normal human karyotypes contain 22 pairs of autosomal chromosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes.
- The karyotype is the characteristic chromosome complement as identified by staining and can only be identified during cell division when chromosomes are folded.
- The chromosomes when organised as an image in sequence are called a karyogram or idiogram.
- Trisomy 21 Links: Trisomy 21 | Image T21 female karyotype | Image T21 male karyotype | chromosome 21 | Category:Trisomy 21 | Genetic Abnormalities | Prenatal Diagnosis
Chromosome 21
- the smallest human chromosome
- about 47 million base pair
- about 1.5 % of the total DNA in cells
- contains between 300 and 400 genes (of human estimated 20,000 to 25,000 total genes)
- trisomy 21 or Downs Syndrome - additional copy of this chromosome
- partial monosomy 21 - missing segment of the chromosome in each cell
- ring chromosome 21 - circular structure, occurs when there are two breaks in a chromosome and the ends of the chromosome then fuse together
Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, May 5) Embryology Trisomy21female.jpg. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/File:Trisomy21female.jpg
- © Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G
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