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==Human Fetus Skeleton X-ray==


A: Fetus with limb deformities (indicated by arrows), which include bowing of the radius and ulna, bowing of the digits, bowing and hypoplasia of the femur, tibia and fibula. B: Fetus with limb deformities including bowing of the digits, bowing and hypoplasia of the femur, tibia and fibula, and talipes equinovarus (clubfeet). The deformed traits in fetus A and B should be excluded from FA measurements. C: Non-deformed, representative fetus, that allows FA measurements: the limbs are properly positioned and no deformities are present. Here, fetuses A and B developed with reduced amniotic fluid volumes and fetus C developed with a normal amniotic fluid volume.
===Reference===
<pubmed>24312362</pubmed> [http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0081824 PLoS One.]
====Copyright====
© 2013 ten Broek et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Figure 1. Examples of fetuses that should be excluded and included from FA measurements.
Journal.pone.0081824.g001-C-PMID24312362.jpg doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0081824.g001
[[Category:X-ray]] [[Category:Abnormal Development]] [[Category:Genetic Abnormalities]] [[Category:Neonatal Diagnosis]]

Revision as of 16:52, 22 April 2014

Human Fetus Skeleton X-ray

A: Fetus with limb deformities (indicated by arrows), which include bowing of the radius and ulna, bowing of the digits, bowing and hypoplasia of the femur, tibia and fibula. B: Fetus with limb deformities including bowing of the digits, bowing and hypoplasia of the femur, tibia and fibula, and talipes equinovarus (clubfeet). The deformed traits in fetus A and B should be excluded from FA measurements. C: Non-deformed, representative fetus, that allows FA measurements: the limbs are properly positioned and no deformities are present. Here, fetuses A and B developed with reduced amniotic fluid volumes and fetus C developed with a normal amniotic fluid volume.


Reference

<pubmed>24312362</pubmed> PLoS One.

Copyright

© 2013 ten Broek et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Figure 1. Examples of fetuses that should be excluded and included from FA measurements.

Journal.pone.0081824.g001-C-PMID24312362.jpg doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0081824.g001

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