Talk:Granulosa cell
| About Discussion Pages |
|---|
Glossary Links
Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2026, October 8) Embryology Granulosa cell. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Talk:Granulosa_cell |
2014
Transcriptomic Diversification of Developing Cumulus and Mural Granulosa Cells in Mouse Ovarian Follicles
Biol Reprod. 2014 Nov 5. pii: biolreprod.114.121756.
Wigglesworth K, Lee KB, Emori C, Sugiura K, Eppig JJ.
Cumulus cells and mural granulosa cells (MGCs) have functionally distinct roles in antral follicles, and comparison of their transcriptomes at a global and systems level can propel future studies on mechanisms underlying their functional diversity. These cells were isolated from small and large antral follicles before and after stimulation of immature mice with gonadotropins, respectively. Both cell types underwent dramatic transcriptomic changes and differences between them increased with follicular growth. Although cumulus cells of both stages of follicular development are competent to undergo expansion in vitro, they were otherwise remarkably dissimilar with transcriptomic changes quantitatively equivalent to those of MGCs. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that cumulus cells of small follicles were enriched in transcripts generally associated with catalytic components of metabolic processes, while those from large follicles were involved in regulation of metabolism, cell differentiation, and adhesion. Contrast of cumulus cells versus MGCs revealed that cumulus cells were enriched in transcripts associated with metabolism and cell proliferation while MGCs were enriched for transcripts involved in cell signaling and differentiation. In-vitro and in-vivo models were used to test the hypothesis that higher levels of transcripts in cumulus cells versus MGCs is the result of stimulation by oocyte-derived paracrine factors (ODPFs). Surprisingly ~48% of transcripts higher in cumulus cells than MGCs were not stimulated by ODPFs. Those stimulated by ODPFs were mainly associated with cell division, mRNA processing, or the catalytic pathways of metabolism, while those not stimulated by ODPFs were associated with regulatory processes such as signaling, transcription, phosphorylation, or the regulation of metabolism. Copyright 2014 by The Society for the Study of Reproduction. KEYWORDS: Cumulus cells; Developmental biology; Follicular development; Gene expression; Granulosa cells
PMID 25376232
Wt1 functions in ovarian follicle development by regulating granulosa cell differentiation
Hum Mol Genet. 2014 Jan 15;23(2):333-41. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddt423. Epub 2013 Sep 5.
Gao F1, Zhang J, Wang X, Yang J, Chen D, Huff V, Liu YX.
Abstract
The Wt1 gene encodes a nuclear transcription factor that is specifically expressed in ovarian granulosa cells. However, the physiological significance of Wt1 in ovarian follicle development remains elusive. In this study, we found that Wt1(+/R394W) mice were grossly normal, however, the females displayed severe reproductive defects. Only ∼15% of the Wt1(+/R394W) females became pregnant after mating with wild-type males, compared with 88.2% of control females. Further study revealed that the subfertility of Wt1(+/R394W) females was caused by aberrant ovarian follicle development. Compared with control females, the ovary size and the number of developing follicles was significantly decreased in Wt1 mutant ovaries which was very similar to premature ovarian failure (POF) in human patients. The results of in vitro studies demonstrated that the expression of follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and Aromatase was inhibited by Wt1 in granulosa cells, and mutation of Wt1 resulted in the upregulation of these genes and in the premature differentiation of granulosa cells. We also found that Wt1 was likely involved in granulosa cell development via the regulation of E-cadherin and Par6b expression. Mutation in Wt1 caused defects in polarity establishment in granulosa cells, which also likely contributed to the observed aberrant follicle development. The results of this study provide new mechanisms for understanding the regulation of ovarian follicle development and potential pathological cause of POF in human patients.
PMID 24009315
