Talk:Developmental Mechanism - Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2026, October 4) Embryology Developmental Mechanism - Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Talk:Developmental_Mechanism_-_Epithelial_Mesenchymal_Transition |
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Note - This sub-heading shows an automated computer PubMed search using the listed sub-heading term. References appear in this list based upon the date of the actual page viewing. Therefore the list of references do not reflect any editorial selection of material based on content or relevance. In comparison, references listed on the content page and discussion page (under the publication year sub-headings) do include editorial selection based upon relevance and availability. (More? Pubmed Most Recent)
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition
<pubmed limit=5>Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition</pubmed>
2013
2012
Mesenchymal-to-Epithelial Transition Contributes to Endometrial Regeneration Following Natural and Artificial Decidualization
Stem Cells Dev. 2012 Dec 6. [Epub ahead of print]
Patterson AL, Zhang L, Arango NA, Teixeira J, Pru JK. Source Washington State University, Department of Animal Sciences, Center for Reproductive Biology,, Pullman, Washington, United States; amanda_krull@wsu.edu. Abstract Despite being a histologically dynamic organ, mechanisms coordinating uterine regeneration during the menstrual/estrous cycle and following parturition are poorly understood. In the current study, we hypothesized that endometrial epithelial tissue regeneration is accomplished, in part, by mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET). To test this hypothesis, fate mapping studies were completed using a double transgenic (Tg) reporter strain, Amhr2-Cre; Rosa26-Stopfl/fl-EYFP (i.e., flox-stop EYFP reporter). EYFP expression was observed in Müllerian duct mesenchyme-derived stroma and myometrium, but not epithelia in young and peripubertal double Tg female mice. However, mosaic EYFP expression was observed in epithelia of double Tg mice following parturition. To ensure the observed epithelial EYFP expression was not due to leaky Amhr2 promoter activity, resulting in aberrant Cre expression, transgenic mice expressing LacZ under the control of the Amhr2 promoter (Amhr2-LacZ) were used to monitor β-galactosidase (β-Gal) activity within the uterus. β-Gal activity was not detected in luminal or glandular epithelia regardless of age, reproductive status or degree of damage incurred within the uterus. Lastly, a unique population of transitional cells was identified that express both the epithelial cell marker, pan-cytokeratin, and the stromal cell marker, vimentin. These cells localized predominantly to the regeneration zone in the mesometrial region of the endometrium. These findings suggest a previously unappreciated role for MET in endometrial regeneration and have important implications for proliferative diseases of the endometrium such as endometriosis.
PMID 23216285
2011
p53 coordinates cranial neural crest cell growth and epithelial-mesenchymal transition/delamination processes
Development. 2011 May;138(9):1827-38. Epub 2011 Mar 29.
Rinon A, Molchadsky A, Nathan E, Yovel G, Rotter V, Sarig R, Tzahor E. Source Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
Abstract
Neural crest development involves epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), during which epithelial cells are converted into individual migratory cells. Notably, the same signaling pathways regulate EMT function during both development and tumor metastasis. p53 plays multiple roles in the prevention of tumor development; however, its precise roles during embryogenesis are less clear. We have investigated the role of p53 in early cranial neural crest (CNC) development in chick and mouse embryos. In the mouse, p53 knockout embryos displayed broad craniofacial defects in skeletal, neuronal and muscle tissues. In the chick, p53 is expressed in CNC progenitors and its expression decreases with their delamination from the neural tube. Stabilization of p53 protein using a pharmacological inhibitor of its negative regulator, MDM2, resulted in reduced SNAIL2 (SLUG) and ETS1 expression, fewer migrating CNC cells and in craniofacial defects. By contrast, electroporation of a dominant-negative p53 construct increased PAX7(+) SOX9(+) CNC progenitors and EMT/delamination of CNC from the neural tube, although the migration of these cells to the periphery was impaired. Investigating the underlying molecular mechanisms revealed that p53 coordinates CNC cell growth and EMT/delamination processes by affecting cell cycle gene expression and proliferation at discrete developmental stages; disruption of these processes can lead to craniofacial defects.
PMID 21447558
Evidence for partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (pEMT) and recruitment of motile blastoderm edge cells during avian epiboly
Dev Dyn. 2011 Jun;240(6):1502-11. doi: 10.1002/dvdy.22607. Epub 2011 Mar 15.
Futterman MA, García AJ, Zamir EA. Source Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA.
Abstract
Embryonic epiboly has become an important developmental model for studying the mechanisms underlying collective movements of epithelial cells. In the last couple of decades, most studies of epiboly have utilized Xenopus or zebrafish as genetically tractable model organisms, while the avian epiboly model has received virtually no attention. Here, we re-visit epiboly in quail embryos and characterize several molecular markers of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the inner zone of the extraembryonic Area Opaca and at the blastoderm edge. Our results show that the intermediate filament vimentin, a widely-used marker for the mesenchymal phenotype, is strongly expressed in the edge cells compared to the cells in the inner zone. Laminin, an extracellular matrix protein that is a major structural and adhesive component of the epiblast basement membrane and the inner zone of the Area Opaca, is notably absent from the blastoderm edge. While these expression profiles are consistent with a mesenchymal phenotype, several other epithelial markers, including cytokeratin, β-catenin, and E-cadherin, are present in the blastoderm edge cells. Moreover, the results of a BrDU proliferation assay strongly suggest that expansion of the edge cell population is primarily due to recruitment of cells from the inner zone, as opposed to proliferation. Taken together, our data show that the edge cells of the avian blastoderm have characteristics of both epithelial and mesenchymal cells, and that the avian epiboly model, which has been dormant for so many years, may yet again prove to be helpful as a unique developmental model for studying partial EMT in the context of collective epithelial cell migration.
Copyright © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
PMID 21412939
Establishment of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath cell line from cells involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2011 Jan 7;404(1):308-12. Epub 2010 Dec 3.
Akimoto T, Fujiwara N, Kagiya T, Otsu K, Ishizeki K, Harada H. Source Division of Periodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan.
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important event in the developmental process of various organs. In periodontal development during root formation of a tooth, this EMT has been a subject of controversy. Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS), consisting of two epithelial layers, plays a role of inducing odontogenesis during root development and thereafter becomes fragmented. Some researchers have maintained that in the process of this fragmentation, some HERS cells change from epithelial to mesenchymal cells. Here, we established a HERS cell line (HERS01a) and examined its gene and protein expression. Immunohistochemical staining and real-time PCR analysis showed that HERS01a cells expressed vimentin and N-cadherin as mesenchymal markers as well as cytokeratin14, E-cadherin, and p63 as epithelial stem cell markers. In the presence of TGF-β, HERS01a cells also expressed many more mesenchymal markers, as well as snail1 and 2 as EMT markers. Taken together, our data show that HERS01a displayed unique features associated with EMT in the root formation process, and will thus be useful for analyzing the biological characteristics of HERS and the molecular mechanism underlying the EMT.
Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
PMID 21130736
2010
The existence of multipotent stem cells with epithelial-mesenchymal transition features in the human liver bud
Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2010 Dec;42(12):2047-55. Epub 2010 Sep 25.
Su J, You P, Li WL, Tao XR, Zhu HY, Yao YC, Yu HY, Han QW, Yu B, Liu FX, Xu J, Lau JT, Hu YP. Source Department of Cell Biology, Second Military Medical University, Xiangyin Rd. 800, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
Abstract
During early stage of embryonic development, the liver bud, arising from the foregut endoderm, is the beginning for the formation of future liver three-dimensional structure. While the gene expression profiles associated with this developmental stage have been well explored, the detailed cellular events are not as clear. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was thought to be essential for cell migration in the early vertebrate embryo but seldom demonstrated in human liver development. In this study, we tried to identify the cell populations with both stem cell and EMT features in the human liver bud. Our in situ studies show that the phenotype of EMT occurs at initiation of human liver development, accompanied by up-regulation of EMT associated genes. A human liver bud derived stem cell line (hLBSC) was established, which expressed not only genes specific to both mesenchymal cells and hepatic cells, but also octamer-binding protein 4 (OCT4) and nanog. Placed in appropriate media, hLBSC differentiated into hepatocytes, adipocytes, osteoblast-like cells and neuron-like cells in vitro. When transplanted into severe combined immunodeficiency mice pre-treated by carbon tetrachloride, hLBSC engrafted into the liver parenchyma and proliferated. These data suggests that there are cell populations with stem cell and EMT-like properties in the human liver bud, which may play an important role in the beginning of the spatial structure construction of the liver.
Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
PMID 20884372
