Talk:Abnormal Development - TORCH Infections
| About Discussion Pages |
|---|
Glossary Links
Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2026, October 5) Embryology Abnormal Development - TORCH Infections. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Talk:Abnormal_Development_-_TORCH_Infections |
10 Most Recent
Note - This sub-heading shows an automated computer PubMed search using the listed sub-heading term. References appear in this list based upon the date of the actual page viewing. Therefore the list of references do not reflect any editorial selection of material based on content or relevance. In comparison, references listed on the content page and discussion page (under the publication year sub-headings) do include editorial selection based upon relevance and availability. (More? Pubmed Most Recent)
TORCH
<pubmed limit=5>TORCH</pubmed>
2013
Gastrointestinal presentation and outcome of perinatal cytomegalovirus infection
BMJ Case Rep. 2013 Jan 4;2013. pii: bcr2012007671. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2012-007671.
Hendriks G, McPartland J, El-Matary W. Source Gastroenterology Department, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK.
Abstract
A term infant presented at birth with bilious vomiting and abdominal distension. Multiple investigations were undertaken, including two laparotomies and a rectal biopsy, as no obvious cause for his symptoms could be found. This included testing for human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection as part of a TORCH screen, which was negative at 10 days of age. However, a repeat screen at 3 weeks of age demonstrated positive findings of CMV in both urine and blood PCR. This subsequently led to the diagnosis of gastrointestinal pseudoobstruction associated with perinatal CMV infection. This case is of interest though there is limited information regarding the recognition of gastrointestinal symptoms in relation to CMV infection. This report aims to highlight our experience with an infant with perinatal CMV infection and severe gastrointestinal symptoms.
PMID: 23291921
2012
Prevalence of Serum Antibodies to TORCH Infection in and Around Varanasi, Northern India
J Clin Diagn Res. 2012 Nov;6(9):1483-5. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2012/4550.2538.
Sen MR, Shukla BN, Tuhina B. Source Professor, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221005, UP, India. Abstract BACKGROUND: The acute infections which are caused by Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and the Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV-2) during pregnancy are often associated with adverse foetal outcomes and reproductive failures. In the Indian context, the exact seroprevalence of these infections is not known due to unavailability of baseline data. AIMS: The present study was undertaken to determine the serological evidence of the acute TORCH infections in women who were in the first trimesters of their pregnancies in and around Varanasi, north India. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This study was carried out in the Sir Sunderlal Hospital, Varanasi and in the Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, BHU, Varanasi, UP, India. The study population involved pregnant women with bad obstetric histories, who were in the first trimester of their pregnancy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Sera were collected from the women with Bon and they were tested for the presence of specific IgM antibodies against the TORCH infections by ELISA. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: A 95% confidence interval was calculated for the positive cases in each of the TORCH components. RESULTS: The specific IgM antibodies were found to be positive in 74(19.4%) cases for toxoplasmosis, in 126 (30.4%) cases for the Rubella virus, in 130 (34.7%) cases for CMV and in 151 samples (33.5%) for the HSV-2 infections. CONCLUSIONS: The study showed a high prevalence of the infections which were caused by the TORCH complex amongst pregnant women with bad obstetric histories. Therefore, all the antenatal cases should be routinely screened for the TORCH infections, for carrying out early interventions to prevent foetal loss.
PMID 23285435
Significance of maternal screening for toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus infection in cases of fetal growth restriction
J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2012 Oct 29. doi: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.2012.02012.x. [Epub ahead of print]
Yamamoto R, Ishii K, Shimada M, Hayashi S, Hidaka N, Nakayama M, Mitsuda N. Source Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Osaka, Japan.
Abstract AIM: The objective of this study was to evaluate the significance of maternal toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex virus (TORCH) screening in cases of fetal growth restriction (FGR). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The medical records of women carrying fetuses with FGR who underwent TORCH screening over a 10-year period were retrospectively reviewed for maternal and congenital TORCH infection. Women carrying fetuses with FGR routinely underwent serologic TORCH tests and systematic ultrasound evaluation for congenital abnormalities. If a congenital CMV infection was suspected, amniotic fluid, placenta or neonatal urine was used for CMV DNA detection by polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: In 319 patients, no cases of maternal or congenital infection with toxoplasma, rubella, or herpes simplex virus were found. Conversely, six cases (1.8%) were diagnosed with congenital CMV infection, two of which had no structural abnormalities other than FGR. CONCLUSIONS: A complete maternal TORCH screening for cases of FGR appears to be unnecessary. Although a maternal CMV test can be considered, the incidence of congenital CMV infection was found to be low in FGR cases. © 2012 The Authors. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research © 2012 Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
PMID 23107457
2011
Effectiveness of interventions to screen and manage infections during pregnancy on reducing stillbirths: a review
BMC Public Health. 2011 Apr 13;11 Suppl 3:S3. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-S3-S3.
Ishaque S, Yakoob MY, Imdad A, Goldenberg RL, Eisele TP, Bhutta ZA. Source Division of Women and Child Health, The Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, PO Box 3500, Karachi 74800, Pakistan. Abstract BACKGROUND: Infection is a well acknowledged cause of stillbirths and may account for about half of all perinatal deaths today, especially in developing countries. This review presents the impact of interventions targeting various important infections during pregnancy on stillbirth or perinatal mortality. METHODS: We undertook a systematic review including all relevant literature on interventions dealing with infections during pregnancy for assessment of effects on stillbirths or perinatal mortality. The quality of the evidence was assessed using the adapted Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach by Child Health Epidemiology Reference Group (CHERG). For the outcome of interest, namely stillbirth, we applied the rules developed by CHERG to recommend a final estimate for reduction in stillbirth for input to the Lives Saved Tool (LiST) model. RESULTS: A total of 25 studies were included in the review. A random-effects meta-analysis of observational studies of detection and treatment of syphilis during pregnancy showed a significant 80% reduction in stillbirths [Relative risk (RR) = 0.20; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.12 - 0.34) that is recommended for inclusion in the LiST model. Our meta-analysis showed the malaria prevention interventions i.e. intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp) and insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs) can reduce stillbirths by 22%, however results were not statistically significant (RR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.59 - 1.03). For human immunodeficiency virus infection, a pooled analysis of 6 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) failed to show a statistically significant reduction in stillbirth with the use of antiretroviral in pregnancy compared to placebo (RR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.45 - 1.92). Similarly, pooled analysis combining four studies for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis (3 for oral and 1 for vaginal antibiotic) failed to yield a significant impact on perinatal mortality (OR = 0.88; 95% CI: 0.50 - 1.55). CONCLUSIONS: The clearest evidence of impact in stillbirth reduction was found for adequate prevention and treatment of syphilis infection and possibly malaria. At present, large gaps exist in the growing list of stillbirth risk factors, especially those that are infection related. Potential causes of stillbirths including HIV and TORCH infections need to be investigated further to help establish the role of prevention/treatment and its subsequent impact on stillbirth reduction.
PMID 21501448
