Template:BGDA - Neural Development Interactive: Difference between revisions

From Embryology
mNo edit summary
 
(12 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 11: Line 11:
|type="()"}
|type="()"}
-   is a pathological form of cell death
-   is a pathological form of cell death
|| Incorrect! This is a characteristic of {{necrosis}}
|| Incorrect! This is a characteristic of {{necrosis}} not {{apoptosis}} (programmed cell death)
-   results from acute cellular injury
-   results from acute cellular injury
|| Incorrect! This is a characteristic of {{necrosis}}
|| Incorrect! This is a characteristic of {{necrosis}} not {{apoptosis}} (programmed cell death)
-   is characterised by cell swelling and lysis
-   is characterised by cell swelling and lysis
|| Incorrect! This is a characteristic of {{necrosis}}
|| Incorrect! This is a characteristic of {{necrosis}} not {{apoptosis}} (programmed cell death)
-   is involved in programmed cell death for normal tissue turnover
+   is involved in programmed cell death for normal tissue turnover
|| Correct! The nervous system and other systems undergo developmental {{apoptosis}} (programmed cell death)
|| Correct! The nervous system and other systems undergo developmental {{apoptosis}} (programmed cell death)
-   all of the above are correct
-   all of the above are correct
|| Incorrect! Some of teh answers relate to {{necrosis}} not {{apoptosis}}
|| Incorrect! Some of the answers relate to {{necrosis}} not {{apoptosis}}


{Which of the following endocrine components originates from neural ectoderm?
{Which of the following endocrine components originates from neural ectoderm?
Line 34: Line 34:
|| Incorrect! Endoderm origin.
|| Incorrect! Endoderm origin.


{During early development, the neural tube is bent at three locations, and the pontine flexure is located in the:
|type="()"}
-   telencephalon
|| Incorrect! The pontine flexure is located in the [[Neural_System_Development#Brain_Flexures|metencephalon]].
-   diencephalon
|| Incorrect! The pontine flexure is located in the [[Neural_System_Development#Brain_Flexures|metencephalon]].
-   mesencephalon
|| Incorrect! The pontine flexure is located in the [[Neural_System_Development#Brain_Flexures|metencephalon]].
+   metencephalon
|| Correct! The pontine flexure is located in the [[Neural_System_Development#Brain_Flexures|metencephalon]].
-   myelencephalon
|| Incorrect!  The pontine flexure is located in the [[Neural_System_Development#Brain_Flexures|metencephalon]].
{Segmentation of the brain into functionally distinct domains is known as:
|type="()"}
-   primary neurulation
|| Incorrect!
-   secondary neurulation
|| Incorrect!
-   primary brain vesicles
|| Incorrect!
-   secondary brain vesicles
|| Incorrect!
+   neuromeres
|| Correct!
{The central nervous system (CNS) cells that share lineage with monocytes are the:
|type="()"}
-   cerebral granular cells
|| Incorrect! Microglia cells share a lineage with monocytes.
+   microglia cells
|| Correct! Microglia cells share a lineage with monocytes.
-   oligodendroglia cells
|| Incorrect! Microglia cells share a lineage with monocytes.
-   astrocytes
|| Incorrect! Microglia cells share a lineage with monocytes.
-   Schwann cells
|| Incorrect! Microglia cells share a lineage with monocytes.
{Closure of the neural pores:
|type="()"}
-   begins at the 4th somite and then progresses rostrally and caudally
|| Correct! But not the correct answer, which is all of the options.
-   is essential for further differentiation of the neural tube
|| Correct! But not the correct answer, which is all of the options.
-   causes formation of brain vesicles
|| Correct! But not the correct answer, which is all of the options.
-   is influenced by the notochord
|| Correct! But not the correct answer, which is all of the options.
+   all of the above
|| Correct!
{The myelin sheath of a peripheral nerve fiber is formed by the cells that originate from:
|type="()"}
-   mesenchymal cells
|| Incorrect! {{Schwann cell}}s are derived from {{neural crest}}.
-   neuroblasts
|| Incorrect! {{Schwann cell}}s are derived from {{neural crest}}.
+   the neural crest
|| Correct! {{Schwann cell}}s are derived from {{neural crest}}.
-   glioblasts
|| Incorrect! {{Schwann cell}}s are derived from {{neural crest}}.
-   primitive blood cells
|| Incorrect! {{Schwann cell}}s are derived from {{neural crest}}.
{Hydrocephaly results from:
|type="()"}
+   aqueduct stenosis
|| Correct! {{hydrocephalus}} can result from aqueduct stenosis.
-   choroidal plexus papilloma
|| Incorrect! {{hydrocephalus}} can result from aqueduct stenosis.
-   chronic meningitis
|| Incorrect! {{hydrocephalus}} can result from aqueduct stenosis.
-   hydromyelin
|| Incorrect! {{hydrocephalus}} can result from aqueduct stenosis.
-   subarachnoid hemorrhage
|| Incorrect! {{hydrocephalus}} can result from aqueduct stenosis.
{In spina bifida occulta:
|type="()"}
+   the vertebral arches in the affected area are underdeveloped but the defect is covered by the skin
|| Correct! In spina bifida occulta the vertebral arches in the affected area are underdeveloped but the defect is covered by the skin. {{ICD-11}} {{ICD11weblink}}1910019778 LB73 Structural developmental anomalies of spine or bony thorax] - {{ICD11weblink}}449489594 LB73.0 Occult spinal dysraphism]
-   the neural groove fails to close
|| Incorrect! In [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/36380 spina bifida occulta] the vertebral arches in the affected area are underdeveloped but the defect is covered by the skin. {{ICD-11}} {{ICD11weblink}}1910019778 LB73 Structural developmental anomalies of spine or bony thorax] - {{ICD11weblink}}449489594 LB73.0 Occult spinal dysraphism]
-   a cyst, containing neural tissue, leptomeninges and glial tissue, appears
|| Incorrect! In [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/36380 spina bifida occulta] the vertebral arches in the affected area are underdeveloped but the defect is covered by the skin. {{ICD-11}} {{ICD11weblink}}1910019778 LB73 Structural developmental anomalies of spine or bony thorax] - {{ICD11weblink}}449489594 LB73.0 Occult spinal dysraphism]
-   only the meninges are present in the cyst
|| Incorrect! In [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/36380 spina bifida occulta] the vertebral arches in the affected area are underdeveloped but the defect is covered by the skin. {{ICD-11}} {{ICD11weblink}}1910019778 LB73 Structural developmental anomalies of spine or bony thorax] - {{ICD11weblink}}449489594 LB73.0 Occult spinal dysraphism]
-   all of the above are present
|| Incorrect! In [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/36380 spina bifida occulta] the vertebral arches in the affected area are underdeveloped but the defect is covered by the skin. {{ICD-11}} {{ICD11weblink}}1910019778 LB73 Structural developmental anomalies of spine or bony thorax] - {{ICD11weblink}}449489594 LB73.0 Occult spinal dysraphism]
{The a-fetoprotein levels in amniotic fluid are increased in:
|type="()"}
-   neural tube defects
-   hydatidiform mole
-   an omphalocele
-   multiple pregnancies
+   all of the above
|| Correct!
{Intrauterine rubella infection can result in:
|type="()"}
-   vascular thrombosis
|| Incorrect! Intrauterine {{rubella}} infection can result in {{microcephaly}}. {{ICD11}} {{ICD11weblink}}179350437 LA05.0 Microcephaly]
-   hydrocephaly
|| Incorrect! Intrauterine {{rubella}} infection can result in {{microcephaly}}. {{ICD11}} {{ICD11weblink}}179350437 LA05.0 Microcephaly]
-   purulent meningitis
|| Incorrect! Intrauterine {{rubella}} infection can result in {{microcephaly}}. {{ICD11}} {{ICD11weblink}}179350437 LA05.0 Microcephaly]
+   microcephaly
|| Correct! Intrauterine {{rubella}} infection can result in {{microcephaly}}. {{ICD11}} {{ICD11weblink}}179350437 LA05.0 Microcephaly]
-   chorioretinitis
|| Incorrect! Intrauterine {{rubella}} infection can result in {{microcephaly}}. {{ICD11}} {{ICD11weblink}}179350437 LA05.0 Microcephaly]


</quiz>
</quiz>

Latest revision as of 22:27, 26 May 2019

Neural Development Interactive Component

Attempt the Quiz - Neural Development  
BGDsmall.jpg

Here are a few simple Quiz questions that relate to Neural development and abnormalities from the lecture. Some questions may require some additional research.

1 The process called "apoptosis":

  is a pathological form of cell death
  results from acute cellular injury
  is characterised by cell swelling and lysis
  is involved in programmed cell death for normal tissue turnover
  all of the above are correct

2 Which of the following endocrine components originates from neural ectoderm?

  neurohypophysis
  adenohypophysis
  adrenal cortex
  thyroid
  parathyroid

3 During early development, the neural tube is bent at three locations, and the pontine flexure is located in the:

  telencephalon
  diencephalon
  mesencephalon
  metencephalon
  myelencephalon

4 Segmentation of the brain into functionally distinct domains is known as:

  primary neurulation
  secondary neurulation
  primary brain vesicles
  secondary brain vesicles
  neuromeres

5 The central nervous system (CNS) cells that share lineage with monocytes are the:

  cerebral granular cells
  microglia cells
  oligodendroglia cells
  astrocytes
  Schwann cells

6 Closure of the neural pores:

  begins at the 4th somite and then progresses rostrally and caudally
  is essential for further differentiation of the neural tube
  causes formation of brain vesicles
  is influenced by the notochord
  all of the above

7 The myelin sheath of a peripheral nerve fiber is formed by the cells that originate from:

  mesenchymal cells
  neuroblasts
  the neural crest
  glioblasts
  primitive blood cells

8 Hydrocephaly results from:

  aqueduct stenosis
  choroidal plexus papilloma
  chronic meningitis
  hydromyelin
  subarachnoid hemorrhage

9 In spina bifida occulta:

  the vertebral arches in the affected area are underdeveloped but the defect is covered by the skin
  the neural groove fails to close
  a cyst, containing neural tissue, leptomeninges and glial tissue, appears
  only the meninges are present in the cyst
  all of the above are present

10 The a-fetoprotein levels in amniotic fluid are increased in:

  neural tube defects
  hydatidiform mole
  an omphalocele
  multiple pregnancies
  all of the above

11 Intrauterine rubella infection can result in:

  vascular thrombosis
  hydrocephaly
  purulent meningitis
  microcephaly
  chorioretinitis


Additional Information: