ANAT2341 Lab 7: Difference between revisions

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=Endocrine and Integumentary=
==Organogenesis Lab==


{{Endocrine Links}}
Please note the different location for this week’s practical class: Wallace Wurth Teaching Lab 116.


{{Integumentary Links}}


'''PRACTICAL CLASS PROGRAM'''


==Introduction==
* Weekly Quiz + revision (15 minutes)
* Practical class activities (90 minutes)
* Practical Class Revision (15 minutes)


# The first half of this laboratory will be a presentation by Dr Annemeik Beverdam.
# The second part of the practical will briefly cover Endocrine and Integumentary Development.


'''PRACTICAL CLASS ACTIVITIES (90 minutes)'''


==Developmental and Regenerative Dermatology Unit==
* Fertile egg dissections, stage definition, and annotations of structures (first 60 minutes)
The presentation will discuss current research in Dr Annemeik Beverdam's laboratory on Skin development and stem cells. There will also be preparation for an assessment item to be prepared for the Stem Cells Practical later in the course.
* Observation of skeletal preparations of chicken and mouse foetuses (first 60 minutes)
* Group presentation of annotated embryo images (final 30 minutes)




:Dr. Beverdam studies the genetic processes that govern development, homeostasis and regeneration of the skin in the mouse. Her research aims at understanding the genetic and molecular basis of developmental and human regenerative skin diseases such as skin cancer, which affects 2 out of 3 Australians in their life time.
'''LEARNING OBJECTIVES'''


* Understanding early neurulation, mesoderm and heart development, and being able to identify the defining structures in the chicken embryo.
* Understanding craniofacial and limb development and being able to identify the defining structures in chicken embryos.
* Understanding the development of the musculoskeletal system and being able to identify the defining structures in chicken embryos.
* Be able to apply basic practical laboratory skills and work with embryo and regeneration models.
* Be able to work effectively within a small team to complete academic tasks.
* Be able to present embryonic observations effectively and appropriately to an audience
* Be able to self-manage and work independently with an ability to take responsibility for their own learning, and an appreciation of the value of learning.


:'''Contact:''' [mailto:A.Beverdam@unsw.edu.au A.Beverdam@unsw.edu.au]


:'''Links:''' [http://medicalsciences.med.unsw.edu.au/people/dr-annemiek-beverdam Dr Annemeik Beverdam] | [https://research.unsw.edu.au/projects/dr-annemiek-beverdam Research Projects] | [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Beverdam%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=24040182 Publications] | [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=YAP%5BTitle%5D PubMed - YAP] ('''Y'''es-'''A'''ssociated '''P'''rotein)


[[File:Chicken_Embryo_Hamburger_stages.jpg|600px|link=Hamburger Hamilton Stages]]


''These are the Hamburger stages of chicken development''




See also the [https://www.jove.com/video/306/windowing-chicken-eggs-for-developmental-studies JoVE article on chicken egg preparation]: <pubmed>18989413</pubmed>


==Endocrine==
[[File:Stage 22 image 221.jpg|thumb|Developing Pituitary - Human Embryo Carnegie stage 22]]
* Begin by working through [[Endocrine_System_-_Carnegie_Stage_22|Endocrine Development by week 8]].
* Then look at the information on each endocrine organ on their related specific page.


{{Endocrine Links}}
===Additional Chicken Links===
[[File:Viktor Hamburger.jpg|thumb|alt=Viktor Hamburger|link=Embryology History - Viktor Hamburger|Viktor Hamburger (1900 – 2001)]]
More about chicken embryogenesis: [[Chicken Development]] | [[Hamburger Hamilton Stages]]
<br>
{{Chicken links}}
<br>


==Integumentary==
<gallery>
File:HHstage1-4.jpg|stage 1-4
File:HHstage5-10.jpg|stages 5-10
File:HHstage11-14.jpg|stages 11-14
File:HHstage15-18.jpg|stages 15-18
File:HHstage19-21.jpg|stages 19-21
File:HHstage22-25.jpg|stages 22-25
File:HHstage26-28.jpg|stages 26-28
File:HHstage29-32.jpg|stage 29-32
</gallery>


{{Integumentary Links}}
[[File:Mouse_vs_Human_embryogenesis.jpg]]


===Teeth===
''This figure compares the human and mouse developmental stages''
[[File:Fetal_head_lateral.jpg|thumb|Fetal Head (12 weeks) lateral]]
[[File:Deciduous teeth.jpg|thumb|Deciduous teeth]]
[[File:Permanent teeth.jpg|thumb|Permanent teeth]]
* integumentary system specialization by '''epitheilal/mesenchymal''' interactions in development and develops with a major contribution from the neural crest.
** ectoderm of the first pharyngeal arch and neural crest, ectomesenchymal cells.


More about Mouse embryogenesis: [[Mouse Timeline Detailed]]


* week 6 - odontogenesis begins, tooth bud
* 4 morphological stages describing the early tooth development: bud, cap, bell, and terminal differentiation
* 2 sets of teeth: 20 deciduous teeth, 32 permanent teeth
* differential rates of growth, shed at different times over 20 year period
* inductive influence of neural crest with overlying ectoderm
* tooth growth occurs in ossifying jaws 


'''odontoblasts''' - neural crest-derived mesenchymal cells which differentiate under the influence of the enamel epithelium. Cells secrete predentin, calcifies to form dentin.
{{Chicken}}


'''ameloblasts''' - inner enamel epithelium forms pre-ameloblasts differentiate and produce enamel
===External Links===
{{External Links}}


'''periodontal ligament''' - tooth is not anchored directly onto its bony socket (alveolar bone) but held in place by the periodontal ligament (PDL), a specialized connective tissue structure that surrounds the tooth root coating of cementum.
* JOVE - [http://www.jove.com/science-education/5153/an-introduction-to-the-chick-gallus-gallus-domesticus An Introduction to the Chicken]
* ligament also act as; a shock absorber, transmitter of chewing forces (from tooth to bone), sensory information (heat, cold, pressure and pain).
** collagen fiber bundles within the ligament are called "Sharpey's fibres".
 
'''Tooth Stages'''
 
Tooth development stages<ref name="PMID19266065"><pubmed>19266065</pubmed>| [http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2651620&tool=pmcentrez PMCID: PMC2651620]</ref>
 
{|
|-bgcolor="CEDFF2"
| width= 100px |'''Stage'''
| width= 210px |<center>'''Image'''</center>
| width= 100px |'''Human''' (weeks)
|-
| lamina
| [[File:Tooth stage lamina.jpg|200px|lamina]]
| [[Week 6]]
|-bgcolor="F5FAFF"
| placode
| [[File:Tooth placode stage.jpg|200px|placode stage]]
| [[Week 7]]
|-
| bud
| [[File:Tooth bud stage.jpg|200px|bud stage]]
| [[Week 8]]
|-bgcolor="F5FAFF"
|cap
| [[File:Tooth cap stage.jpg|200px|cap stage]]
| Week 11
|-
| bell
| [[File:Tooth bell stage.jpg|200px|bell stage]]
| Week 14
|-bgcolor="F5FAFF"
|
|
|
|}
 
=== Teeth Postnatal ===
Deciduous teeth
* '''6 - 24 months''' - erupt from gums by pushing toward surface
* '''2 years''' - all deciduous teeth present
 
Permanent teeth
* 6 years until early adult
* tooth bud lie in gums beneath deciduous teeth
* osteoclasts resorb deciduous teeth roots
* growth affects face shape
 
:'''Links:''' [[Integumentary_System_-_Tooth_Development|Tooth Development]]
 
==Individual Assessment==
 
# Identify and write a brief description of the findings of a recent research paper on development of one of the endocrine organs covered in today's practical.
# Identify the embryonic layers and tissues that contribute to the developing teeth.
 
==References==
 
<references/>
 
 
 
{{2015ANAT2341}}

Latest revision as of 11:38, 22 October 2019

Organogenesis Lab

Please note the different location for this week’s practical class: Wallace Wurth Teaching Lab 116.


PRACTICAL CLASS PROGRAM

  • Weekly Quiz + revision (15 minutes)
  • Practical class activities (90 minutes)
  • Practical Class Revision (15 minutes)


PRACTICAL CLASS ACTIVITIES (90 minutes)

  • Fertile egg dissections, stage definition, and annotations of structures (first 60 minutes)
  • Observation of skeletal preparations of chicken and mouse foetuses (first 60 minutes)
  • Group presentation of annotated embryo images (final 30 minutes)


LEARNING OBJECTIVES

  • Understanding early neurulation, mesoderm and heart development, and being able to identify the defining structures in the chicken embryo.
  • Understanding craniofacial and limb development and being able to identify the defining structures in chicken embryos.
  • Understanding the development of the musculoskeletal system and being able to identify the defining structures in chicken embryos.
  • Be able to apply basic practical laboratory skills and work with embryo and regeneration models.
  • Be able to work effectively within a small team to complete academic tasks.
  • Be able to present embryonic observations effectively and appropriately to an audience
  • Be able to self-manage and work independently with an ability to take responsibility for their own learning, and an appreciation of the value of learning.


Chicken Embryo Hamburger stages.jpg

These are the Hamburger stages of chicken development


See also the JoVE article on chicken egg preparation: <pubmed>18989413</pubmed>


Additional Chicken Links

Viktor Hamburger
Viktor Hamburger (1900 – 2001)

More about chicken embryogenesis: Chicken Development | Hamburger Hamilton Stages

Chicken Links: Introduction | Chicken stages | Hamburger Hamilton Stages | Witschi Stages | Placodes | Category:Chicken
Historic Chicken Embryology  
1883 History of the Chick | 1900 Chicken Embryo Development Plates | 1904 X-Ray Effects | 1910 Somites | 1914 Primordial Germ Cells

1919 Lillie Textbook | 1920 Chick Early Embryology | 1933 Neural | 1939 Sternum | 1948 Limb | Movie 1961 | Historic Papers


  • stage 1-4

    stage 1-4

  • stages 5-10

    stages 5-10

  • stages 11-14

    stages 11-14

  • stages 15-18

    stages 15-18

  • stages 19-21

    stages 19-21

  • stages 22-25

    stages 22-25

  • stages 26-28

    stages 26-28

  • stage 29-32

    stage 29-32

Mouse vs Human embryogenesis.jpg

This figure compares the human and mouse developmental stages

More about Mouse embryogenesis: Mouse Timeline Detailed


chicken

External Links

External Links Notice - The dynamic nature of the internet may mean that some of these listed links may no longer function. If the link no longer works search the web with the link text or name. Links to any external commercial sites are provided for information purposes only and should never be considered an endorsement. UNSW Embryology is provided as an educational resource with no clinical information or commercial affiliation.

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