Talk:Japan Statistics
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 25) Embryology Japan Statistics. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Talk:Japan_Statistics |
2018
The association between whole blood concentrations of heavy metals in pregnant women and premature births: The Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS)
Environ Res. 2018 Oct;166:562-569. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.06.025. Epub 2018 Jun 28.
Tsuji M1, Shibata E2, Morokuma S3, Tanaka R4, Senju A5, Araki S6, Sanefuji M7, Koriyama C8, Yamamoto M9, Ishihara Y10, Kusuhara K11, Kawamoto T12; Japan Environment & Children's Study Group.
Collaborators (16)
Author information
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Heavy metals are widely distributed in the environment. Recent reports have demonstrated the risk of preterm birth following heavy metal exposure. Preterm births are classified as early and late, depending on the duration of pregnancy, and are associated with increased risk of congenital illnesses such as heart failure, asthma, etc. Particularly, early preterm births carry a higher risk of mortality; however, the differential effects of heavy metal exposure on early and late preterm births are unknown.
OBJECTIVES:
To analyze the association between maternal whole blood concentrations of heavy metals, such as cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), selenium (Se), and manganese (Mn) that are common toxicants in Japan, and early and late preterm births.
METHODS:
The data of 14,847 pregnant women who were participants of the Japan Environment and Children's Study were used. Data of the self-questionnaire pertaining to the first trimester (T1), second/third trimester (T2), and medical records after delivery were analyzed. We divided preterm birth into two groups: early preterm (22 to < 34 weeks) and late preterm (34 to < 37 weeks). Maternal blood samples for measuring heavy metal concentrations were collected in T2 (pregnancy weeks: 14-39). The participants were classified into four quartiles (Q1-Q4) according to increasing heavy metal levels.
RESULTS:
The rate of preterm birth was 4.5%. After controlling for confounding factors, such as age, pre-pregnancy body mass index, smoking, partner's smoking, drinking habits, gravidity, parity, number of cesarean deliveries, uterine infections, household income, educational levels, and sex of infant, Cd levels were found, by multivariable logistic regression analysis, to be significantly associated with early preterm birth (p = 0.002), with odds ratio for early preterm birth of 1.91 (95% confidence interval: 1.12-3.27, P = 0.018) in subjects of Q4 compared with in subjects with term birth (≧ 37 weeks).
CONCLUSION:
Maternal blood Cd levels during pregnancy are positively associated with the risk of early preterm birth among Japanese women. Identification of the main source of maternal Cd exposure may contribute to the prevention of early preterm births and health maintenance of mothers and their infants in the future.
Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
KEYWORDS:
Heavy metal concentrations; Pregnant women; Preterm births
PMID: 29966876 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.06.025
Nationwide Increase in Cryptorchidism after the Fukushima Nuclear Accident
Urology. 2018 May 8. pii: S0090-4295(18)30450-3. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2018.04.033. [Epub ahead of print]
Murase K1, Murase J2, Machidori K2, Mizuno K2, Hayashi Y2, Kohri K2.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the change of discharge rate after cryptorchidism surgery between pre- and post-disaster in Japan. Cryptorchidism cannot be diagnosed before birth and is not a factor that would influence a woman's decision to seek an abortion. Therefore, this disease is considered suitable for assessing how the Great East Japan Earthquake and subsequent the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident (2011) influenced congenital diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We obtained cryptorchidism discharge data collected over six years from hospitals that were included in an impact assessment survey of the Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC survey) database in Japan and used these data to estimate the discharge rate after cryptorchidism surgery before and after the disaster. The 94 hospitals in Japan that participated in DPC system and had 10 or more discharges after cryptorchidism surgery within successive six years covering pre- and post-disaster period (FY2010-FY2015) were involved. The change in discharge rate between pre- and post-disaster was analysed using a Bayesian Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM). RESULTS: Nationwide, a 13.4 % (95% credible interval 4.7-23.0 %) increase in discharge rates was estimated. The results of all sensitivity analyses were similar to the reported main results. CONCLUSIONS: The discharge rate of cryptorchidism was increased nationwide. The rates of low-weight babies or preterm births, risk factors of cryptorchidism, were almost constant during the study period, and age distribution of the surgery was also not changed, which suggested that the other factors that associated with the disaster increased the incidence of cryptorchidism. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc. KEYWORDS: Bayesian analysis; Cryptorchidism; Fukushima nuclear accident; Undescended testis PMID: 29751027 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2018.04.033
2017
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2017 Dec;30(24):2900-2904. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1245718. Epub 2017 Jun 2. Influence of the Great East Japan Earthquake and the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster on the birth weight of newborns in Fukushima Prefecture: Fukushima Health Management Survey. Yasuda S1,2, Kyozuka H2, Nomura Y1,2, Fujimori K1,2, Goto A1,3, Yasumura S1,3, Hata K1,4, Ohira T1,5, Abe M1. Author information Abstract OBJECTIVE: The Great East Japan Earthquake and Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster occurred on 11 March 2011. We investigated the incidence of SGA (small for gestational age) in the Fukushima Prefecture in newborns delivered by women who were pregnant at the time of the disasters and identified any risk factors for SGA. METHODS: Subjects were women who were pregnant at the time of the disasters. Questionnaires were sent to the women who lived in the Hamadori area (seaside and near to the nuclear power plant) at the time of the disasters as well as to a control group of women who lived outside the Hamadori area. The incidence of SGA was compared. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors for SGA. RESULTS: In total, 325(5.6%) women had infants with SGA. Neither area nor the trimester of pregnancy at the time of the disasters influenced the incidence of SGA. Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) was higher in the SGA group. PIH was found to be an independent risk factor for SGA. CONCLUSION: We found no evidence that the Great East Japan Earthquake and the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster increased the incidence of SGA in the Fukushima Prefecture. KEYWORDS: SGA; disaster; the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster; the Great East Japan Earthquake; tsunami PMID: 27718768 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1245718
