User talk:Z3439257

Wnt calcium ion signalling pathway

General introduction

 Ligands: Wnt-4, -5a & -11

Wnt-Calcium Ion Pathway has generally been accepted as a non-cononical wnt signalling pathway using Calcium ions as secondary messengers. It main function is thought to antagonist the canonical wnt signalling pathway by decreasing the cellular beta-catenin concentration. Wnt-4, -5a & -11 were identified as ligands specifically activate this pathway. Wnt (5a) interact with Fz receptor. Fz receptor functions as a G-protein coupled receptor which activates Gaq/11. Gaq/11 further cleaves PIP2 into DAG and IP3. IP3 then interacts with the IP3R on the surface of endoplasmic reticulum and causes increase in intracellular calcium ions. Those calcium ions will then react with CAMKII or calcineurin leading to further internal effects. DAG and calcium ions are also able to activate proteins belongs to PKC family which also posses various cellular effects.