User:Z3332824

Lab Attendance

Lab 1 Attendance:

--Z3332824 12:52, 28 July 2011 (EST)

Lab 2 Attendance:

--Z3332824 11:17, 4 August 2011 (EST)

Lab 3 Attendance:

--Z3332824 12:36, 11 August 2011 (EST)

Lab 5 Attendance:

--Z3332824 10:38, 25 August 2011 (EST)

Lab 6 Attendance:

--Z3332824 11:33, 1 September 2011 (EST)

Lab 7 Attendance:

--Z3332824 12:45, 8 September 2011 (EST)

Lab 8 Attendance:

Group Assignment quick link: http://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php?title=2011_Group_Project_10

IVF Homework Questions - Lab 1 Assessment

1. Identify the origin of In Vitro Fertilization and the 2010 nobel prize winner associated with this technique.

Louise Brown was the first successful IVF baby, born in 1978 in Britain. Research into this area had been progressing for at least twenty years prior to this time, and still continues today. In 2010, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Robert Edwards for his development and contribution to IVF therapy.

2. Identify a recent paper on fertilisation and describe its key findings.

A new technique that has been developed is the screening of sperm using fluorescents. This enables the doctor to study the sperm's health and chromosomes, and can detect genetic abnormalities and chromosome aneuploidy. It has been extremely useful as an aid for couples whoare having difficulty conceiving, especially in cases of couples who have had multiple IVF attempts.

Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21789092

3. Identify 2 congenital anomalies.

-Spina bifida

-Cystic fibrosis

--User:Z3332824 15:44, 29 July 2011 (EST)

--Mark Hill 00:48, 30 July 2011 (EST) Well done. the reference link is good or you could have: The use of fluorescent in situ hybridization in male infertility. Hwang K, Weedin JW, Lamb DJ. Ther Adv Urol. 2010 Aug;2(4):157-69. PMID: 21789092

or

A new technique that has been developed is the screening of sperm using fluorescents. This enables the doctor to study the sperm's health and chromosomes, and can detect genetic abnormalities and chromosome aneuploidy. It has been extremely useful as an aid for couples whoare having difficulty conceiving, especially in cases of couples who have had multiple IVF attempts.

References

ZP3 Glycoprotein Lab 2 Assessment

1. Identify the ZP protein that spermatozoa binds and how is this changed (altered) after fertilisation.

Sperm possess a special protein on their heads that upon reaching the egg in the female, interact with glycoprotein ZP3, a sperm receptor molecule on the zona pellucida. This receptor is species-specific – i.e. only a human sperm can fuse with a human egg. ZP3 induces degradative enzymes stored in the sperm’s acrosome to be released, enabling the sperm to break through the tough zona pellucida and reach the oocyte.

--User:Z3332824 22:15, 5 August 2011 (EST)

Maternal Diet During Pregnancy - Lab 3 Assessment

1. What is the maternal dietary requirement for late neural development?

A women's diet is extremely important when she is pregnant, and she must be careful to keep up the proper nutrition needed for her baby. An example is folate, as it helps prevent spina bificda. In addition to folate, iodine is also very important in the growth and development of the baby's neural development. Iodine is necessary for normal thyroid function - this is an important endocrine organ, especially in babies and young children. The thyroid gland produces hormones that are vital for nervous system and brain development.

2. Upload a picture relating to your group project

Patterns of zona pellucida deposition and ZPC-ubiquitin colocalization in porcine ocyte-cumulus complexes isolated from small antral follicles.

References

--User:Z3332824 17:56, 17 August 2011 (EST)

Lab 4 Online Assessment

1. The allantois, identified in the placental cord, is continuous with what anatomical structure? The allantois is a thin extension of the cloaca and extends into the connecting stalk and yolk sac. Later in development it becomes part of the bladder in the urogenital sinus.

2. Identify the 3 vascular shunts, and their location, in the embryonic circulation.

-The first shunt is in the heart, and is called the foramen ovale. It allows direct blood flow between the atria of the embryo.

-The second is the ductus arteriosis connecting the descending aortic arch to the pulmonary artery.

-The third shunt is the ductus venosus and connects the portal sinus with the inferior vena cava.

--User:z3332824 10:37, 25 August 2011 (EST)

Lab 5 Assessment

1. Which side (L/R) is most common for diaphragmatic hernia and why?

Diaphragmatic hernias occur due to the pleuralperitoneal foramen (hole between the lungs and abdominal organs) not closing over properly. This occurs mostly on the left side in developing fetuses.

--User:Z3332824 10:50, 1 September 2011 (EST)

Lab 6 Assessment

1. What week of development do the palatal shelves fuse? - Week 9

2. What early animal model helped elucidate the neural crest origin and migration of neural crest cells? - the chicken.

3. What abnormality results from neural crest not migrating into the cardiac outflow tract? - Tetralogy of Fallot

--User:z3332824 11:36, 11th September 2011 (EST)

Lab 7 Assessment

1. Are satellite cells (a) necessary for muscle hypertrophy and (b) generally involved in hypertrophy?

Generally, satellite cells are involved in hypertrophy as they sustain the enlargement by increasing the myonuclei. However, they are not necessary for muscle hypertrophy.

2. Why does chronic low frequency stimulation cause a fast to slow fibre type shift?

Chronic low frequency stimulation damages the muscle cells, and thus recruits satellite cells to the fast fibre muscle. This causes a shift to slow fibres, as satellite cells are needed for repair of the damaged muscle cells.

Comments about Trisomy 21 page

• Weird order of topics - why is recent findings at the top? Surely you would explain the disease first so we understand the recent research? Prevalence is further down, I would suggest putting it near the top/beginning.
• Pathogenesis? Signs and Symptoms? Needs to be clearly outlined, and the associated defects as subheadings
• Instead of just listing things, explain what they mean - e.g. the heart defects, its just a list of problems that are links. You just need a brief sentence to say what it is, and then include the link if people want more.
• Novel Screening strategies - the information is just listed, would be better if it was explained, especially the picture.
• Good use of pictures, perhaps a few of grown children/adults with Trisomy 21 - not just of the chromosomes, graphs and one baby.

• Overall, I think the right information is there, but as someone who is reading it to LEARN about it, it needs much more explanation of the terms, processes and findings. If this was presented as a lecture, then maybe it would be enough as you would then expand on the points as you spoke, but this is not enough if you were using this page for understanding the disease.

--Z3332824 22:59, 20 September 2011 (EST)