User:Z3331469

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Lab 4 Online Assessment

1. The allantois, identified in the placental cord, is continuous with what anatomical structure?
2. Identify the 3 vascular shunts, and their location, in the embryonic circulation.
3. Identify the Group project sub-section that you will be researching. (Add to project page and your individual assessment page)

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Lab Attendance

--Z3331469 12:55, 28 July 2011 (EST)

--Z3331469 12:37, 4 August 2011 (EST)

--z3331469 11:06, 11 August 2011 (EST)

Lab 1 Assessment

1. Identify the origin of In Vitro Fertilization and the 2010 nobel prize winner associated with this technique.

In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) is one form of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) used to treat infertility. It involves the fertilisation of the egg cell by the sperm outside of the human body; hence the term in vitro meaning within glass referring to a laboratory environment where analysis of the study may take place. [1] The first so-called "test tube baby" was born on July 25, 1978. [2] This achievement was attributed to the work of Patrick Steptoe and Robert Geoffrey Edwards with Edwards being awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the development of in vitro fertilisation. [3]

2. Identify a recent paper on fertilisation and describe its key findings.

Comparing thaw survival, implantation and live birth rates from cryopreserved zygotes, embryos and blastocysts

Key findings of this paper include:

Cryopreserving embryos at the zygote stage was associated with lower survival rates and lower implantation rates compared with freezing at the blastocyst stage

Growing embryos to the blastocyst stage prior to cryopreservation was associated with a decrease in the total number of embryos cryopreserved, although chances of achieving pregnancy when doing this did not change

Significantly more D3 embryos and blastocysts survived the thawing process compared to zygotes and significantly higher implantation rate per number of thawed blastocysts was achieved than that for zygotes.

3. Identify 2 congenital anomalies.

A congenital anomaly can be defined as a physical abnormality of a baby which is present at birth. One congenital anomaly, anencephaly, is "characterised by the total or partial absence of the cranial vault, the covering skin, and the brain missing or reduced to a small mass". Another congenital anomaly, microtia, is "characterised by absent parts of the pinna (with or without atresia of the ear canal)". The severity of this anomaly is graded from I-IV, grade IV representing complete absence of the pinna.[4]

--Mark Hill 10:11, 3 August 2011 (EST) You still need to answer the second question before Lab 2 this week.

Lab 2 Assessment

1. Identify the ZP protein that spermatozoa binds and how is this changed (altered) after fertilisation.

Zona Pellucida Protein 3 (ZP3) allows spermatozoa to bind to the oocyte during fertilisation. Following fertilisation and the resulting acrosome reaction, calcium levels are increased, depolarising the plasma membrane, preventing the binding of other spermatozoa.

2. Identify a review and a research article related to your group topic. (Paste on both group discussion page with signature and on your own page)

Research Review: Williams syndrome: a critical review of the cognitive, behavioral, and neuroanatomical phenotype. [5]

Article: Elevated Ambulatory Blood Pressure in 20 Subjects With Williams Syndrome [6]

--z3331469 10:15, 11 August 2011 (EST)