Template:Spermatozoa Terms: Difference between revisions
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* '''acrosome compaction''' - Acrosome reshaping process in final stages of spermatogenesis (spermatid to spermatozoa). | * '''acrosome compaction''' - Acrosome reshaping process in final stages of spermatogenesis (spermatid to spermatozoa). | ||
* '''acrosome reaction''' - Chemical change within the spermatozoa following binding to the zona pellucida, only acrosome reacted spermatozoa have an ability to fuse with oocytes. | * '''acrosome reaction''' - Chemical change within the spermatozoa following binding to the zona pellucida, only acrosome reacted spermatozoa have an ability to fuse with oocytes. | ||
* '''annulus''' - Cytoskeletal (septin) structure located between the midpiece and principal piece regions of the tail, thought to form a diffusion barrier between these two domains. | * '''annulus''' - Cytoskeletal (septin) structure located between the midpiece and principal piece regions of the tail, thought to form a diffusion barrier between these two domains. PMID 20042538 | ||
* '''asthenozoospermia''' - (asthenospermia) Term for reduced sperm motility and can be the cause of male infertility. | * '''asthenozoospermia''' - (asthenospermia) Term for reduced sperm motility and can be the cause of male infertility. | ||
* '''axoneme''' - (axonema) The basic structure in cilia and eukaryotic flagella and in the spermatozoa tail, consisting of parallel microtubules in a characteristic "9 + 2" pattern. This pattern describes 9 outer microtubule doublets (pairs) surrounding 2 central singlet microtubules, in humans 50 μm long. The motor protein dynenin move the outer microtubules with respect to the central pair, bending the cilia and generating motility. Note that prokaryotic bacteria have a similar process (flagellum) that uses an entirely different mechanism for motility. | * '''axoneme''' - (axonema) The basic structure in cilia and eukaryotic flagella and in the spermatozoa tail, consisting of parallel microtubules in a characteristic "9 + 2" pattern. This pattern describes 9 outer microtubule doublets (pairs) surrounding 2 central singlet microtubules, in humans 50 μm long. The motor protein dynenin move the outer microtubules with respect to the central pair, bending the cilia and generating motility. Note that prokaryotic bacteria have a similar process (flagellum) that uses an entirely different mechanism for motility. | ||
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* '''CatSper''' - cationic (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) channel of spermatozoa, progesterone activated involved in hyperactivation, acrosome reaction, and possibly chemotaxis. | * '''CatSper''' - cationic (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) channel of spermatozoa, progesterone activated involved in hyperactivation, acrosome reaction, and possibly chemotaxis. | ||
* '''centriole''' - a microtubule organising centre. First required for axoneme formation (distal centriole) that is lost and a second for pronuclei formation (proximal) following fertilisation. Rodents loose both and only have maternal centrioles. | * '''centriole''' - a microtubule organising centre. First required for axoneme formation (distal centriole) that is lost and a second for pronuclei formation (proximal) following fertilisation. Rodents loose both and only have maternal centrioles. | ||
* '''cytoplasmic bridges''' - Transient cytoplasm connections between spermatids arising from one spermatogonium due to incomplete cytokinesis. | |||
* '''diploid''' - (Greek, ''di'' = double + ''ploion'' = vessel) Having two sets of chromosomes, the normal state for all cells other than the gametes. | * '''diploid''' - (Greek, ''di'' = double + ''ploion'' = vessel) Having two sets of chromosomes, the normal state for all cells other than the gametes. | ||
* end piece - Last portion of the spermatozoa tail region. | |||
* '''fibrous sheath''' - cytoskeletal structure surrounding the axoneme and outer dense fibers, defining the extent of the principal piece region. | * '''fibrous sheath''' - cytoskeletal structure surrounding the axoneme and outer dense fibers, defining the extent of the principal piece region. | ||
* '''haploid''' - (Greek, ''haploos'' = single) Having a single set of chromosomes as in mature germ/sex cells (oocyte, spermatozoa) following reductive cell division by meiosis. Normally cells are diploid, containing 2 sets of chromosomes. | * '''haploid''' - (Greek, ''haploos'' = single) Having a single set of chromosomes as in mature germ/sex cells (oocyte, spermatozoa) following reductive cell division by meiosis. Normally cells are diploid, containing 2 sets of chromosomes. |
Revision as of 11:27, 25 January 2017
Spermatozoa Development (expand to see terms) | ||
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