Template:Prenatal Diagnosis terms

Prenatal Diagnosis Terms

• ART - Assisted Reproductive Technology
• blastomere biopsy -
• blastocyst biopsy -
• cell-free fetal deoxyribonucleic acid - (cffDNA) refers to fetal DNA circulating and isolated from the plasma portion of maternal blood.
• false negative rate - The proportion of pregnancies that will test negative given that the congenital anomaly is present.
• false positive rate - The proportion of pregnancies that will test positive given that the congenital anomaly is absent.
• negative predictive value - The probability that a congenital anomaly is absent given that the prenatal screening test is negative.
• Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing - (NIPT) could refer to ultrasound or other imaging techniques, but more frequently used to describe analysis of cell-free fetal DNA circulating in maternal blood.
• polar body biopsy - (PB biopsy) An ART preimplantation genetic diagnosis technique that removes either the first or second polar body from the zygote. As these are generated by oocyte meiosis they provide information only on the female genetics.
• positive predictive value - The probability that a congenital anomaly is present given that the prenatal screening test is positive.
• pre-implantation genetic diagnosis - (PGD, pre-implantation genetic screening) a diagnostic procedure for embryos produced through Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART or in vitro fertilisation, IVF) for genetic diseases that would generate developmental abnormalities or serious postnatal diseases.
• prenatal screening sensitivity - (detection rate) The probability of testing positive on a prenatal screening test if the congenital anomaly is present.
• prenatal screening specificity - The probability of testing negative on a prenatal screening test if the congenital anomaly is absent.
• single nucleotide polymorphisms - (SNPs) the variation in a single DNA nucleotide that occurs at a specific position in the genome.