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...ary histology 061.jpg|thumb|300px|alt=Oocyte and developing zona pellucida in the ovary|Oocyte and developing granolas cell layer]] ...and released with the oocyte; "corona radiata" forming the initial layer in contact with the zone pellucida; '''membrana granulosa''' also called mural

* Approximately 0.1 - 0.2 mm in diameter ...because the amphibian morula gives rise to embryonic tissues only, whereas in mammals non-embryonic structures (such as the chorion and the amnion) are a

...eveloping zona pellucida in the ovary|Oocyte and developing zona pellucida in the ovary]] ...Note that mice also have 4 ZP genes, but multiple stop and missense codons in ZP4 means that only three are produced. Polymers of ZP2 and ZP3 organized i

...primordial follicle containing an oocyte to a preovulatory follicle takes in excess of 120 days. ...o'' = "in glass" meaning in essence a test tube as apposed to ''in vivo'' (in life or a living body)''

...t {{polar body}} (1 PB) indicates completion of the first meiotic division in human oocytes. ...ised extracellular matrix, the {{zona pellucida}}, that in turn is covered in layers of cells, the [[granulosa cell|granulosa layer]].

...indicates that the total number of atretic mature ova reach their maximum in early dioestrus shortly after ovulation. This is doubtless due to the conti ...n ovary at four than during the period of stages in early pregnancy in the mouse. 1 i J i J- • (From the American Journal of Anat

...tions of cattle both for milk and meat production. There is some variation in the gestation period (279-290 days) for the different breeds. ...lted in R2 = 0.99 with predictions that were roughly within +/- 11-12 days in 95% of cases. We conclude that the model based on the fetometric variables

# Identify the stages and differences between gamete development in the two gonads. ...a (a serine protease) and in secondary zona pellucida (ZP) binding. Stored in mature spermatazoa as proacrosin.

=Oestrus and Ovulation in Swine= ...entlemen of the U. S. Inspection service at the South San Francisco plant, in connection with other studies to appear somewhat later, the material for wh

...astrulation precedes implantation can contribute significantly to advances in early mammalian development." ...ransitional vertebrae (n=1). These findings suggest that vertebral columns in rabbits display a wide range of morphologies, with occasional congenital ma

...ctor-beta (TGFB) superfamily, humans have [[#Human BMP Family|15 members]] in this protein signaling family. The proteins are synthesized as prepropeptid [[File:Mouse Bmp4 expression face 01.jpg|800px]]

...ctron micrographs the early interaction between oocyte and granulose cells in rat. Draft only. ...coupling was detected. Although some proteolytic mechanism may be involved in the disintegration of the cumulus-oocyte complex, neither the cumulus cells

...associated with female internal genital (reproductive) tract development. In humans, these laterally paired organs lie within the peritoneal cavity. Gen ...es and females. In the ovary oocytes proliferate prior to birth and arrest in {{meiosis}} 1.

This page is a overview of events that occur in human development up to week 3 post-fertilization. From this Practical unde ...his is a live unedited recording from the practical and may contain errors in either descriptions or content.

...ryonic stem cell with totipotential occurs at the blastocyst stage, mainly in the first and second week of development. After this period the inner cell ...f the blastocyst, allows isolation of these cells and their subsequent use in stem cell research. It is the collection, production and possible therapeut

...ts have employed swapping maternal mitochondrial DNA in mammalian oocytes, in order to overcome mitochondrial inherited diseases, raising both scientific ...rmatozoa_mitochondria_01.jpg|thumb|300px|Spermatozoa Mitochondria in Early Mouse Embryos{{#pmid:23878233|PMID23878233}}]]

[[File:SexualDifferentation.jpg|350px|right|thumb|The stages in sexual differentiation of the female and male reproductive system]] Genital system development occurs in both the embryonic and foetal phase of development. By the commencement of

...pharyngeal arch and {{neural crest}}, ectomesenchymal cells) interactions in development and has a major contribution from the {{neural crest}}. (More? ...432|PMID30570432}} This then initiates the expression of odontogenic genes in the underlying mesenchyme.

...Winston. Robert Winston is a researcher, clinician, academic and educator in human development. The speech was also broadcast on ABC (Australia) Radio N ...s associated with a new slide (slides were not available) and is presented in a new subheading (these subheading titles were not part of the original tra

:General term for chemicals that may play a role in weight gain and obesity. An example of such a chemical class are "tributylt :Leptin hormone receptor found in many different tissues. Receptor belongs to class I cytokine receptor famil

...tro fertilization covers the aided fertilization process, in contrast with in vivo fertilization which is the normal uterine occuring fertilization proce ...RG, et al.{{#pmid:6775685|PMID6775685}}, receiver of the 2010 Nobel Prize in Medicine.

...aper by Hamilton describes development of the {{oocyte}} to {{blastocyst}} in the {{cow}}. ...ent of the cow but gave few details of the early stages. Reference is made in a table by Amoroso, Griffiths & Hamilton (1942) to the rate of cleavage of

...ouse, ICBP90 in human) a cell cycle regulator required for liver outgrowth in embryonic and adult zebrafish. Also a transcriptional activator of top2a ex ...ollicle|follicles]] in the ovaries, the gestational sac, [[F#fetus|fetus]] in the [[#uterus|uterus]], fetal parameters, and the [[P#placenta|placenta]].

...lopment of the mammahan ovum during the various stages of its life history in the ovary and oviducts. ...a functional organ. A functional ovary develops only from embryonic gonads in which the secondary sex cords proliferate to form a true ovarian cortex ass

...many cellular activities such as proliferation and cell migration. Failure in signalling transduction or overactivation may lead to serious birth defects ...in wnt signalling pathways, describing their molecular basis and functions in embryological development, and list a few animal models commonly used for r

:(GPCR) Cell membrane receptor involved in many different cell signaling pathways. The common feature of this transmem ...postnatal lactation where excess milk may be produced. Condition can occur in association with an anterior pituitary tumour producing prolactin (hyperpro

...ecifies spinal cord glutamatergic sensory neurons and is a a selector gene in embryonic stem (ES) cells undergoing neural differentiation. Also called Re ...describing an increased respiratory rate of greater than 60 breaths/minute in a quiet resting baby.

...it will include full access to molecular data and all animations presented in my talk. Please feel free to contact me at any time with your embryology qu * Preimplantation development of the embryo in vitro and in vivo

...blished in 1941 by Hogg describes the development of sensory nerve endings in the fetal skin. Our understanding of integumentary neural development has =Sensory Nerves and Associated Structures in the Skin of Human Fetuses of 8 to 14 Weeks of Menstrual Age Correlated with

...halomyelitis, an animal model of autoimmune demyelination diseases such as in immune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis (MS) ...ed abortion, the term in fact generally describes [[E#embryo|embryo]] loss in first trimester.

...ent [[ANAT2341_2009_Students#Group_Projects|Group Project 2009]]. See also Mouse online resources listed below. :{{Template:Mouse}}

...l stages. In addition to the many developmental roles this process is used in multicellular organisms to remove cells that are: aged, superfluous, infect ...escribe "programmed cell death" as '''''apoptosis''''' was originally used in 1972 by Kerr, Wyllie and Currie.{{#pmid:4561027|PMID4561027}}

...fetal stage abnormalities and briefly list common abnormalities occurring in the embryonic stage. ...dex.php/2014_Group_Project_3#Oesophagus Occluded lumen and vacuoles appear in the oesophagus]

...mmons@University of Nebraska — Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Publications from USDA-ARS / UNL Faculty by an authorized administrator of ...logists concerned with developing methods for control of the estrous cycle in domestic animals. Some recent reviews on control of ovarian function are th

...r) A kind of episome in bacteria that can replicate either autonomously or in integrated form; can move from one bacterium to another during conjugation. ...to clot, impaired natural anticoagulant or fibrinolytic pathways) present in 5 - 8% of Caucasian populations.

...ed cells in the body {{#pmid:20256541|PMID20256541}}, most commonly found in the stratum basale, the bottom layer of the epidermis of the skin, eyes {{# ...re being transported to the surrounding cells via dendrites, which stretch in between the surrounding tissue.

...ive-maternal-fert</ref> Of these couples who are considered infertile, one in five experience problems that lie solely with the male. [[File:Structure of mouse spermatozoa.jpeg|600px|thumb|Spermatozoon which is made up of two main regi

— the egg is the primordium common to all animals. Published in 1651, this a process of division or separation from a parent organism. In the phylum

...quantify. There are also chemical hazards to development covered elsewhere in these notes, Metals, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, smoking, illicit drugs. Postna The specific effects of chemicals is detailed in chemical Safety and Data Sheets (SDS). These sheets are now generally requi

* This research was supported, in part, by Predoctoral Fellowship CF-7515-C2, National Cancer Institute, and ...of the islets but differed from Pearce in that they found the first islets in 50 and 80 mm fetuses, respectively.

...nitially if no specific "name" has been given to the protein, see examples in the following entries. ...ified as [[Q#q|'''q''']] (possibly French, ''tall'') chosen as next letter in alphabet after p. These chromosomal arms are only seen when the chromosome

...ce of the body plane in which the portal vein or stomach can be visualized in a tangential section. It is one of the four typical [[U#ultrasound|ultrasou ...ortical size, possibly by maintaining symmetric cleavage plane orientation in neuroepithelial cells during brain development.

in the 1920's, knowledge of the mammalian ...y might contribute to the prol)lem of the site of hormone production, and, in at least one series of studies (Zachariae,

...g point for following up any desired line of inquiry without involving one in a discouraging multiplicity of titles. Wetss, P.y 1939. Principles of Development. A Text in Experimental Embryology. Holt, New York, xix & 601 pp.

...ale. Located at the base of the coccyx, arising from primitive streak/node in the embryo. ...ed lamellar bodies and differentiate into type II cells. Term is also used in describing the anatomical appearance of the large intestine.

...One of these tissues is the medulla of the adrenal gland which is involved in the production of epinephrine and norepinephrine. This project will compreh ...ating the knowledge from his research on the development of cranial nerves in chicken embryos. {{#pmid:19179766|PMID19179766}}.

In recent years there has been much more eggs and the fluids forming their environment. The significant increase in the investigations of the male gametes is due

...e. This is followed by the title, which is sometimes slightly abbreviated (in particular Dros. mel. has been used for Drosophila melanogaster). :AND BELLAIRS, R., 1954. JEEM, 2, 55. The effects in chick blastoderms of replacing the primitive node by a graft of the posteri

=Role of Hormones in the Differentiation of Sex= The modern era in the study of the pliysiology of sex differentiation is iisually dated

...The History of Model Use" section of this page. Many studies have resulted in the development and improvement of various micro-manipulation techniques su ...n be pregnant from 6 to 8 months in a year, producing up to 30 to 40 young in this time. (56)

In the broad sense, this sequence begins nurture. In mammals this has become a

.... The common name reflects the presence at birth (congenital) or appearing in early infancy. Pigment is produced by produced by melanocytes, solitary fea ...Ramon y Cajal originally identified (1903) these small structures located in the cell nucleus. They have various suggested functions including ribonucle

...ring the past 20 years and the long established awareness of a nutritional in on fertility and fecundity, knowledge bearing on nutrition and the endocrin ...y does nutrition influence synthesis and release of hormones, but hormones in turn, through their regulation of the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates

Lawn AM, Chiquoine AD, Amoroso EC. The development of the placenta in the sheep and goat: an electron microscope study. J Anat. 1969 Nov;105(Pt 3 ...FR, ROSENBERG H. The relationship of the vasomotor and respiratory regions in the medulla oblongata of the sheep. J Physiol. 1954 Oct 28;126(1):86-95. Pu

'''SECTION B The Hypophysis and the Gonadotrophic Hormones in Relation to Reproducetion''' =Physiology of the Anterior Hypophysis in Relation to Reproduction=

Reproduction in the animal kingdom is from simple budding and binary fission in

1: Duckworth WL. On Some Points in the Anatomy of the Plica Vocalis. J Anat System in the Chick. J Anat Physiol. 1912 Oct;47(Pt 1):35-72. PubMed PMID:

(Z.W.O.) in the Netherlands. d) General list of names with subjects of work in preparation p. 61. (alpabetical order)

C. H. Danforth. The developmental relations of brachydactly in the domestic fowl. Five figures 97 ...uprarenal gland and the effects of inanition upon its growth and structure in the albino rat. Ten figures 221

...pt, except in the barest outline, to repeat this early material other than in those aspects which bear on the advances that have been made since the prin ...are transmitted from one generation to the next, accomplish their actions in development, and by which chromosomes reorganize and reconstruct gene group

Ruth Stocking Lynch. The cultivation in vitro of liver cells from the chick embryo. Twenty-five figures 281 G. B. WisLOCKi AND T. J. Putnam. Absorption from the ventricles in experimentally produced internal hydrocephalus. Four figures 313

...a Erdmann. Cytological observations on the behavior of chicken bone marrow in plasma medium. Two text figures and nine plates 73 Ivan E. Wallin. The relationships and histogenesis of thymus-like structures in Ammocoetes. Three text figures and four plates 127

BEHAVIOR IN BIRDS AND 11.^ Hormones and Parental Behavior in

* Warren H. Lewis. Experiments on localization in the eggs of a teleost fish (Fundulus heteroclitus). Twenty-nine figures 1 ...The cultivation of sympathetic nerves from the intestine of chick embryos in saline solutions. Twenty -seven figures 7

Robert H. Bowen. On certain features of spermatogenesis in amphibia and insects. Two plates (forty-six figures) 1 ...lar material as an indicator of physiologic reversal in secretory polarity in the thyroid cells of the guinea-pig. Two plates (fourteen figures) 25

...scle degeneration and its relation to the origin of eosinophile leucocytes in amphibia (Salamandra atra). Seven figures 69 ...les R. Stockard. An experimental study of the position of the optic anlage in Amblystoma punctatum, with a discussion of certain eye defects. Nine figure

...Emmel. Concerning certain cytological characteristics of the erythroblasts in the pig embryo and the origin of non-nucleated erythrocytes by a process of Davenport Hooker. Amoeboid movement in the corial melanophores of Rana. Three figures 237

...).pdf|Journal of Morphology 52 (1931) PDF]] | [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.30075/page/n3 Internet Archive] K. C. Eichardson and E. 8. Horning. Cytoplasmic structures in binucleate opalinids, with special reference to the Golgi apparatus. Four p

...arsons Schaeffer. The genesis and development of the nasolacrimal passages in man. Thirty-one figures 1 ...s R. Essick. The development of the nuclei pontis and the nucleus arcuatus in man. Twelve figures 2

...m (bundle of His), interstitial granules (mitochondria) and phospholipines in cardiac muscle. Sixteen figures 1 R. R. Bensley. The normal mode of secretion in the thyroid gland. One plate in color 37

[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.30077/page/n3 Internet Archive] .... Helwig. Chromosomal variations correlated with geographical distribution in Cireotettix verrueulatus (Orthoptera). Two text figures, two charts, and ni

Eliot R. Clark and Eleanor Linton Clark. Reactions of cells in the tail of Amphibian larvae to injected croton oil (aseptic inflammation). ...the giant-cells, and to the significance of the so-called mitotic figures in these cells. One plate (twenty-seven figures) 287

Cora J. Beckwith. The genesis of the plasma-structure in the egg of Hydractinia echinata. Sixty-six figures (eight plates) 189 H. J. VanCleave. Studies on cell constancy in the genus Eorhynchus. Forty-six figures 253

William F. Allen. Distribution of the lymphatics in the tail region of Scor psenichthys marmoratus. Twelve figures 1 J. Gordon Wilson. The nerves and nerve endings in the membrana tympani in man. Three plates 101

...tique of recent work on the morphology of the vertebrate skull, especially in relation to the origin of mammals. Twentyfive figures 1 Raymond Binford. The germ-cells and the process of fertilization in the crab, Menippe mercenaria. Nine plates 147

...s, with especial reference to haematopoesis in the anterior mesenchyme and in the heart. Twenty-six figures 99 ...cells and the differentiation of heart muscle fibers in tissue cultivated in plasma. Two figures 347

S. Hatai. Changes in the composition of the entire body of the albino rat during the life span. ...development of the Scala tympani, Scala vestibuli and perioticular cistern in the human embryo. Nine figures 299

Albert Kuntz. The development of the cranial sympathetic ganglia in the pig. Fifteen figures 71 J. B. Johnston. Nervus terminalis in reptiles and mammals. Twelve figures 97

Shixkishi Hatai. The growth of the body and organs in albino rats fed with a lipoidiree ration Frederick S. Hammett. The source of the hydrochloric acid found in the stomach 21

* Pregnancy and Labor in Young Primipar*. (Illustrated.) Bv .JoHx W. Harris * The Protective Power of Serum in Pernicious Anemia and Other Conditions Against Hemolysis by Saponin and by

* Hydrocephalus in Chondrodystrophy. (Illustrated.) By Walter E. Dandy * Tuberculosis of the Kidney in Women. By Leo Brady

R. M. Strong. Some ideas in laboratory equipment. Four figures 27 Charles R. Stockard. The artificial production of eye abnormalities in the chick embryo. Two plates 33

Sara B. Conrow. Further observations on taillessness in the rat. Three figures 155 Otto C. Glaser. On the mechanism of morphological differentiation in the nervous system. II. The relation between compression and the developmen

S. B. Grant. A persistent superior vena cava sinistra in the cat transmitting coronary blood. One figure 45 Hollo E. McCottkk. The vomero-nasal apparatus in Chrysemys punctata and Kana catesbiana. Seventeen figures 51

Eliot R. Clauk. A study of the reaction of mesenchyme cells in the tad-pole's tail toward injected oil globules. Five figures Louis H. Kornder. An anomalous urinogenital system in a dog. Two figures 10

* Selig Hecht. The relation of weight to length in the smooth dog fish, Mus telus canis. One figure 39 * Barnet Joseph. A new technique in the fixation and staining of nerve tissue 63

C. B. Moore. Infections in the female urethra. Ten figures 1 ...he relation between the weight of the thyroid and the weight of the thymus in man 25

Tlie Beliavior of tlio Blood Toward Oxygen in Inlliicnziil In Bacteriological Findings in Epideniie Inllneiiza. 1 By S. K. Howard, Jf. D 13

...n and Liberation of the Sphincter Ani Muscle followed by its Direct Suture in Cases of Complete Tear of the Perineum, with a Splinting Suture passing bet Aberrant Portions of the Müllerian Duct found in an Ovary. By Wm. Wood Russell, M. D.,

...of inanition upon the mitochondria in the gastrointestinal epithelium and in the pancreas of the albino rat 205 ...f hypenlartylism: bilateral duplication of the hallux and first metatarsal in an adult negro. Nine figure;" 211

* Early Exploratory Operations in Tuberculosis of the Hip. By Joseph C. Bloodgood, M. D., ...Members of the Hospital and Medical School Staff appearing Elsewhere than in the Bulletin, ------ Proceedings of Societies :

...general, I would apply to the lives and writings of great physicians; for in its own special way the history of medicine, relating, as it does, a part o ...ntemporary spirit, and (o catch, some fashion, the collective medical mind in its many wise complex and most characteristic expression.