File:Liver polyploidy 01.jpg: Difference between revisions

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Polyploid hepatocyte mitoses in vitro with multipolar spindles and chromosome segregation defects.

A - bipolar spindles were established and maintained by centrosome clustering (in about half of tetraploid mitoses)
B C - centrosomes oriented on 3-4 distinct poles (reflecting either true multipolar spindles or alignment of prometaphase chromosomes from binucleated hepatocytes)
D - octaploid hepatocytes established multipolar spindles with as many as 8 poles
E - about 1% of cells in anaphase or telophase were oriented with tripolar spindles
F - hepatocytes with 2 discrete mitotic spindles synchronized in metaphase
G - hepatocytes with 2 discrete mitotic spindles synchronized in anaphase
I - L - mitotic figures similar to those seen in cultured hepatocytes were also seen during hepatocyte proliferation in vivo

Original File Name: Fig. 3 Nature09414-f3.2.jpg

<pubmed>20861837</pubmed>| PMC2967727 | Nature

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 ==Liver Polyploidy==
-Polyploid hepatocyte mitoses with multipolar spindles and chromosome segregation defects
+Polyploid hepatocyte mitoses in vitro with multipolar spindles and chromosome segregation defects.
+* '''A''' - bipolar spindles were established and maintained by centrosome clustering (in about half of tetraploid mitoses)
+* '''B C''' - centrosomes oriented on 3-4 distinct poles (reflecting either true multipolar spindles or alignment of prometaphase chromosomes from binucleated hepatocytes)
+* '''D''' - octaploid hepatocytes established multipolar spindles with as many as 8 poles
+* '''E''' - about 1% of cells in anaphase or telophase were oriented with tripolar spindles
+* '''F''' - hepatocytes with 2 discrete mitotic spindles synchronized in metaphase
+* '''G''' - hepatocytes with 2 discrete mitotic spindles synchronized in anaphase
+* '''I - L''' - mitotic figures similar to those seen in cultured hepatocytes were also seen during hepatocyte proliferation in vivo
 Original File Name: Fig. 3 Nature09414-f3.2.jpg