Category talk:Carnegie Stage 11

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A fifteen-somite human embryo

Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol. 1989;116:1-102.

Mizoguti H.

Abstract

The morphological features of a well-preserved human embryo having 15 pairs of somites are described and illustrated with a complete set of photomicrographs. This embryo was found during a forensic dissection of a Japanese woman, fixed in 10% formalin for 5 days, and embedded in an epoxy resin mixture according to routine procedures. Serial sections about 0.75 microns thick were made and stained with toluidine blue. The most important features were as follows: 1. The embryo measured 4.1 mm in greatest length and was quite symmetrical viewed dorsally. 2. Closure of the neural tube took place from the level of the first branchial groove, corresponding to the level of the anterior one-third of the rhombencephalon, to that of about 0.4 mm posterior to the 15th somite, coming across the anterior end of the cloacal membrane. The neural plate and the wall of the neural tube consisted exclusively of a pseudostratified columnar epithelium, and neither the mantle nor marginal layers were identified anywhere. 3. At the anterior end of the embryo there was a conspicuous optic evagination, and at the dorsal end of the second branchial groove a round otic placode. 4. Of the three segments of the entodermal tract the midgut was the largest, constituting about half the entire length, and opened ventrally into the large yolk sac, whose surface was covered by a meshwork of highly developed blood vessels. In the foregut two branchial pouches were seen, corresponding to the branchial grooves. Primordia of the thyroid gland and of the liver were also recognized. Among the entodermal epithelial cells lining the ventral half of the hindgut anterior to the origin of the allantois were found numerous primordial germ cells. 5. Among the 15 pairs of somites, the first two were small and consisted of dermomyotome of epithelial cell arrangement and of sclerotome mingled into mesenchyme. The next three were large, triangular on transverse section, and consisted of dorsolateral dermomyotome and ventromedial sclerotome representing a densely packed mesenchymal cell aggregation. The sixth to the tenth somites showed a well-defined triangular contour, each containing a lumen, the myocoele. The last five somites were progressively smaller and were quadrangular in shape. 6. The intermediate mesoderm was encountered at levels from the 7th to the 15th somite, but no indications of pronephric differentiation were detected. 7. The heart tube was relatively large, took an S-shaped tortuous course, and occupied almost the entire pericardiac cavity. It consisted of the bulbus cordis, the ventriculus, and the atrium, each of which consisted of a thick myocardial tube and a thin endocardial tube.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID 2610025

Pfannenstiel III

Low, A. Description of a Human Embryo of 13-14 Mesodermic Somites. J Anat Physiol: 1908, 42(Pt 3);237-51 PMID 17232769 | PMC1289161

human embryo
Professor Keibel kindly afforded me the opportunity of studying this embryo in the Anatomical Institute in Freiburg
by Professor Pfannenstiel of Griefswald. (German, Pfannenstiel = panhandle)
provided to Professor Keibel, for publication in his Normentafel zur Entwickelungsgeschichte des Menschen (Standard Plates to Embryology of Man),
- Franz Keibel and Curt Elze, Normentafel zur Entwickelungsgeschichte des Menschen (Normal Plates of the Development of the Human Embryo) (1908) Jena, G. Fischer, Germany.
Normentafel embryo No.6 (fig. Vr. and fig. Vv.)
was obtained at an operation, and as measured through the amnion had a length of 2-6 mm
The embryo was fixed in formalin-Muller's fluid
stained in paracarmine
sectioned at a thickness of 10 µm. Histologically the embryo is in an excellent state of preservation.
Model - I undertook to reconstruct models of the embryo according to Born's method. The work of modelling was begun in the Anatomical Institute in Freiburg, and completed in the Anatomy Department, Aberdeen University.
A model of the whole embryo has been reconstructed at an enlargement of 100.
A separate model of the nervous and alimentary systems has also been made, and three models of pharynx, heart with its blood-vessels, and septum transversum at an enlargement of 150.

--Mark Hill (talk) 09:41, 17 July 2015 (AEST) Added a new template collapsible table based on Appendix 1 of 1987 monograph - Carnegie Collection stage 11 table

779 - Dekaban and Bartelmez Complete dysraphism in 14 somite human embryo. A contribution to normal and abnormal morphogenesis (1964)

2053 - Davis, C. L. 1923. Description of a human embryo having twenty paired somites. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 332, Contrib. Embryol., 15, 1-51.

- By Carl L. Davis (1923) (4 leaves of plates) Carnegie Institution No.72 Human Embryo Stage 11

Heuser, C. H. 1930. A human embryo with 14 pairs of somites. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 414, Contrib. EmbryoL, 22, 135-153.

Carnegie Institution No.131 Human Embryo Stage 11