BGDA Practical - Female Reproductive Tract Histology: Difference between revisions
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:''Draft page (notice removed when completed).'' | :''Draft page (notice removed when completed).'' | ||
==Objectives== | |||
# Gain an overview of the microanatomy of the female reproductive system. | |||
# Undertake a microscopical examination of the ovary, oviduct, uterus, cervix, vagina and mammary | |||
glands. The functional significance of the various histological structures identified will be discussed. | |||
==Ovary== | |||
[[File:Human_right_ovary_and_tube_1.jpg|thumb|Adult human ovary peritoneal surface (viewed by endoscopy)]] | |||
<gallery> | |||
File:Ovary_histology_007.jpg|Tunica Albuginea x20 | |||
File:Ovary_histology_008.jpg|Tunica albuginea, Germinal epithelium x40 | |||
File:Ovary_histology_005.jpg|Primary follicle, primordial follicle, oocyte, x40 | |||
File:Ovary_histology_006.jpg|Secondary follicle, cumulus oophorus, zona pelucida, granulosa cells, oocyte x20 | |||
File:Ovary_histology_004.jpg|Corpus luteum, theca lutein cells, granulosa lutein cells, Loupe | |||
File:Ovary_histology_001.jpg|Corpus luteum, theca lutein cells, granulosa lutein cells, x10 | |||
File:Ovary_histology_002.jpg|Corpus luteum, theca lutein cells, granulosa lutein cells, x40 | |||
File:Ovary_histology_003.jpg|Corpus albicans, primary follicle, primordial follicle, granulosa cells, oocyte x20 | |||
</gallery> | |||
==Uterine Tube== | ==Uterine Tube== | ||
(oviduct, | (oviduct, Fallopian tube) | ||
* uterine tube acts as a conduit for the oocyte, from the ovaries to the uterus. | * uterine tube acts as a conduit for the oocyte, from the ovaries to the uterus. |
Revision as of 18:23, 7 May 2013
Introduction
This current page provides background support information for Medicine phase 1 BGD Histology Practical Virtual Slides. Page does not form part of the BGDA practical class virtual slides.
- Virtual Slides: Female Histology
- Draft page (notice removed when completed).
Objectives
- Gain an overview of the microanatomy of the female reproductive system.
- Undertake a microscopical examination of the ovary, oviduct, uterus, cervix, vagina and mammary
glands. The functional significance of the various histological structures identified will be discussed.
Ovary
Uterine Tube
(oviduct, Fallopian tube)
- uterine tube acts as a conduit for the oocyte, from the ovaries to the uterus.
- consists of a mucosa and a muscularis.
- peritoneal surface of the oviduct is lined by a serosa and subjacent connective tissue.
Mucosa
- ciliated and secretory epithelium resting on a cellular lamina propria.
- number of ciliated cells and secretory cells varies along the tube.
- secretory activity varies during the menstrual cycle, and resting secretory cells are also referred to as peg-cells. Some of the secreted substances are thought to nourish the oocyte and the very early embryo.
Muscularis
- inner circular muscle layer and an outer longitudinal layer.
- inner longitudinal layer is present in the isthmus and the intramural part.
- peristaltic muscle action for the transport of spermatozoa and oocyte.
Tube Regions
infundibulum | ampulla | isthmus | intramural |
---|---|---|---|
funnel-shaped (up to 10 mm in diameter) end of the oviduct. Finger-like extensions of its margins, the fimbriae, are closely applied to the ovary. Ciliated cells are frequent. | mucosal folds, or plicae, and secondary folds which arise from the plicae divide the lumen of the ampulla into a very complex shape. Fertilization usually takes place in the ampulla. | narrowest portion (2-3 mm in diameter) of the tube located in the peritoneal cavity. Mucosal folds are less complex and the muscularis is thick. An inner, longitudinal layer of muscle is present in the isthmus. | penetrates the wall of the uterus. The mucosa is smooth, and the inner diameter of the duct is very small. |
Uterus
- parts - body (upper two-thirds) and cervix.
- walls - mucosal layer, the endometrium, and a fibromuscular layer, the myometrium.
- peritoneal surface of the uterus is covered by a serosa.
Myometrium
- smooth muscle fibres form several layers with preferred orientations.
- muscular tissue hypertrophies during pregnancy.
- GAP-junctions between cells become more frequent.
Endometrium
- simple columnar epithelium (ciliated cells and secretory cells) and an underlying thick connective tissue stroma.
- mucosa is invaginated to form many simple tubular uterine glands.
- glands extend through the entire thickness of the stroma.
- stromal cells of the endometrium are embedded in a network of reticular fibres.
Menstrual cycle
- hormones alter the endometrium.
- only the uterus body mucosa takes part in the menstrual cycle.
- endometrial layers (based on changes)
- basalis - remains during menstruation, functions as a regenerative zone for the functionalis.
- functionalis - lost during menstruation, functions as the site of cyclic changes in the endometrium.