2010 BGD Practical 6 - Quiz: Difference between revisions
From Embryology
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==Take the Quiz== | ==Take the Quiz== | ||
<quiz display=shuffle> | |||
{Which of the following sequences of embryonic disc mesoderm is most correct: | |||
|type="()"} | |||
- lateral to medial: extraembryonic - lateral plate - intermediate - paraxial | |||
- lateral to medial: lateral plate - paraxial - intermediate - axial | |||
+ medial to lateral: notochord - somites - intermediate - lateral plate | |||
- medial to lateral: paraxial - axial - intermediate - cardiac | |||
||The [[E#extraembryonic mesoderm|extraembryonic mesoderm]] is outside the embryonic disc. Intermediate mesoderm is outside the paraxial layer. Cardiogenic mesoderm is a region of prechordal splanchnic mesoderm. Note - how I always mispronounce "paraxial" as "para-axial", it's a bad habit of mine, the correct pronunciation is "par" then "axial". | |||
{During embryonic disc folding in week 3 only the ectoderm layer folds ventrally left, right and above and below the notochord. | |||
|type="()"} | |||
- true | |||
+ false | |||
|| During folding in the third week all three germ cell layers (ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm) fold together ventrally as described. | |||
{Somites form regularly at the level of the body in the direction | |||
|type="()"} | |||
+ rostrocaudally | |||
- caudorostrally | |||
||In the direction from head (rostro) toward tail (caudal). This direction of development is seen in many other structures such as: neural tube neuropore closure (cranial then caudal); intermediate mesoderm (early kidney formation) and limb development (upper then lower limb). | |||
{The intraembryonic coelom is a horse-shoe shaped cavity that develops in the lateral plate mesoderm from a series of smaller cavities fusing. Which of the following descriptions best describes the structure that then forms in this region. | |||
|type="()"} | |||
+ somatic mesoderm close to ectoderm, the intraembryonic coelom and the splanchnic mesoderm closest to the endoderm. | |||
- somitic mesoderm close to ectoderm, the intraembryonic coelom and the splanchnic mesoderm closest to the endoderm. | |||
- somatic mesoderm close to endoderm, the intraembryonic coelom and the splanchnic mesoderm closest to the ectoderm. | |||
- somitic mesoderm close to endoderm, the intraembryonic coelom and the splanchnic mesoderm closest to the ectoderm. | |||
- intermediate mesoderm medially close to somites and laterally close to the intraembryonic coelom. | |||
- none of the above. | |||
||Yes trying to fool you with somatic (lateral plate) and somitic (paraxial) terms and the arrangement with germ cell layers. Remember that endoderm forms the gut epithelium and therefore splanchnic mesoderm which forms the associated connective tissue should be closer. The description of intermediate mesoderm relative anatomical location is correct, but it is not part of lateral plate separated by the intraembryonic coelom. | |||
{Select the correct options below for the structures formed by sclerotome | |||
|type="[]"} | |||
+ vertebra | |||
- dermis | |||
- limb bud cartilage | |||
+ intervertebral disc | |||
- skeletal muscle | |||
||Only the vertebral column structures are formed from sclerotome. Dermis and skeletal muscle form from the dermomyotome, dividing into the dermatome (dermis) and myotome (skeletal muscle). | |||
{The intraembryonic coelom finally forms | |||
|type="()"} | |||
+ pericardial, pleural and peritoneal cavity. | |||
- single pericardial cavity and two pleural and two peritoneal cavities. | |||
- neural tube lumen, gastrointestinal tract lumen and neural crest. | |||
- the paired dorsal aortas running the embryo. | |||
|| The intraembryonic coelom finally forms the 3 P's. There is only one peritoneal cavity. These other anatomical spaces have noting to do with intraembryonic coelom. The dorsal aortas form within the splanchnic mesoderm. | |||
{Which of the following statements about placodes is most correct. | |||
|type="()"} | |||
- placodes form as patches of mesoderm only in the head region | |||
- placodes are part of the neural crest that will contribute to sensory structures | |||
- placodes contribute the upper and lower jaw structures of the head | |||
- placodes are associated with sensory development, except for hearing. | |||
+ placodes are paired ectodermal regions. | |||
|| Placodes are paired ectodermal regions forming in the head region during week 4 and contribute to each sensory system. Neural crest does associate with sensory development, but not as the placode. The upper and lower jaw form from two separate regions of the first pharyngeal arch: maxillary (upper) and mandibular (lower). | |||
{The important human cardiogenic event commencing during week 5 is | |||
|type="()"} | |||
- heart tube fusion | |||
- heart looping | |||
+ heart septation | |||
- heart valve development | |||
||Atrial and ventricular cardiac septation commences in week 5. Heart tube fusion occurs during week 3, heart looping in week 4 and heart valve development later in week 6 to 7. | |||
{Select the correct options below for maternal dietary components directly important for neural development | |||
|type="[]"} | |||
- lead | |||
+ vitamin B<sub>9</sub> | |||
+ iodine | |||
- chlorine | |||
- vitamin B<sub>3</sub> | |||
||Vitamin B<sub>9</sub> is folic acid or folacin or folate required for cell metabolism and neural tube closure. Iodine is required for thyroid hormone synthesis which is required for normal neural development [http://www.healthinsite.gov.au/topics/Iodine HealthInsite - Iodine]. Lead in a high enough concentration acts as a [[T#teratogen|teratogen]]. Vitamin B<sub>3</sub> is niacin is a precursor to NADH, NAD+, NADP+ and NADPH play essential metabolic roles in living cells not just neural tissue. Chlorine is good for the pool or bleaching your clothes. | |||
{Which limbs are sensitive to teratogenic damage first | |||
|type="()"} | |||
+ upper limbs | |||
- lower limbs | |||
||The upper limb buds form first before the lower limbs and are therefore the earlier to be sensitive to environmental [[T#teratogen|teratogens]]. | |||
{The bones of the adult skull form only by the process | |||
|type="()"} | |||
- intramembranous ossification | |||
- endochondral ossification | |||
- neither intramembranous or endochondral ossification | |||
- intramembranous and not endochondral ossification | |||
+ both intramembranous and endochondral ossification | |||
- chondroblast cell replacement of osteoblast cells | |||
||Both intramembranous or endochondral ossification form different regions of the skull, the cranial vault forms by intramembranous ossification and the cranial base forms by endochondral ossification. Interestingly the lower jaw, which forms beside Meckel's cartilage of the first pharyngeal arch, forms by intramembranous ossification of the membrane surrounding the arch cartilage not by endochondral ossification. | |||
</quiz> | |||
{{Template:Quizzes}} | |||
[[Category:Quiz]] [[Category:BGD]] | |||
Latest revision as of 09:49, 20 June 2010
Here are a few simple questions that relate to your BGD practical, this page is not a part of today's Practical class. You should try in your own time after completing the Practical today.Take the quiz and see what you know, if you get some wrong, try working through through the 2010 BGD Practical - Implantation to 8 Weeks.
Take the Quiz
Quizzes
Medicine Practicals: Foundations Embryology - BGDA Fertilization to Implantation | Embryo | Fetal | Placenta - BGDB Gastrointestinal | Face and Ear | Sexual Differentiation
General Embryology: Ectoderm Quiz | Mesoderm Quiz | Early Heart Quiz | Placenta Quiz | Respiratory Quiz | Renal Quiz | Genital Quiz
