User talk:Z3251292

Talk

1. Timeline of The artificial reproductive technology revolution

• 1984 donor egg pregnancies

1. 1. 1984 frozen embryos
   2. 1960 Ovulation induction

• • 1960 Donor sperm
  • 1978 IVF
  • 1988 Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis
  • 1992 Sperm injection
  • 1994 Blastocyst development
  • 1998 Reliable sperm sex selection
  • 2000 Stem cells and cloning and gene transfer
  • 2005 Ovarian reserve testing
  • 2008 Oocyte freezing, social freezing
  • 2013 Whole genome screening of embryos

1. Process of IVF

• • Ovarian hyperstimulation
    • two phase during menstrual cycle: lacteal phase and follicular phase
    • about 30 Follicles grows to large size in every mentrual cycle, but only one survived to the ovulation.
    • FSH drove the growth of follicles, also control the growth of follicles (pituitary down regulation), used to stimulate the mature of multiple follicles (10-30).
    • Estrogen....
    • Monitoring by transvirgena ultrasound.
    • LH containing hormones injected to women to stimulate ovulation.

• • Ooocyte Pick-Up(OPU)
  • Sperm retrieval via ejaculation or surgery
  • In Vitro Fertilisation
    • intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
  • Embryo culture
    • day1- form Zygote
    • day3- divide to 8 blastomeres
    • day5- frozen, and transfer to uterus
  • Transfer of the embryo(s)

1. New technologies
   1. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis(PGD) of embryo. eg, fibrosis-premature death

• • • Embryo Biopsy for PGD
    • analysis of blastomeres for PGD
      • FISH
      • PCR
    • What to be detected in an embryo
      • Aneuploidy
      • trisomy 21
      • translocations
      • single gene defects(eg cystic fibrosis)

1. 1. Ovarian reserve and the natural cycle

• • • blood test measure hormones(AMH, AFC)
    • Egg banking ('social freezing')

1. 1. Fertility preservation for cancer
   2. Oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM)

• • • putting oocytes in vitro and culture 24 hours before IVF (Complex medium , protein, FSH, EGF, LH, E2 cysteamine)
    • comparing to conventional IVF, no Hormones required to give to mother for the maturation of oocyte.