File:Hox deuterostomes phylogenetic tree.jpg
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Phylogenetic tree of deuterostomes showing the Hox clusters of non-olfactores deuterostomes
The Hox repertoire of a substantial number of groups within the invertebrate deuterostomes is still lacking (black question marks), and the origin of a 15 Hox gene cluster in cephalochordates, or when the Hox4 was lost in echinoderms are still a mystery (indicated by red question marks and arrows). Yellow, anterior Hox genes; orange, Hox3; blue, central Hox genes; green, posterior Hox genes.
1471-213X-13-26-1
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3707753/figure/F1/
BMC Dev Biol. 2013 Jul 2;13(1):26. [Epub ahead of print] Evolution of Hox gene clusters in deuterostomes. Pascual-Anaya J, D Aniello S, Kuratani S, Garcia-Fernàndez J. Abstract Hox genes, with their similar roles in animals as evolutionarily distant as humans and flies, have fascinated biologists since their discovery nearly 30 years ago. During the last two decades, reports on Hox genes from a still growing number of eumetazoan species have increased our knowledge on the Hox gene contents of a wide range of animal groups. In this review, we summarize the current Hox inventory among deuterostomes, not only in the well-known teleosts and tetrapods, but also in the earlier vertebrate and invertebrate groups. We draw an updated picture of the ancestral repertoires of the different lineages, a sort of "genome Hox bar-code" for most clades. This scenario allows us to infer differential gene or cluster losses and gains that occurred during deuterostome evolution, which might be causally linked to the morphological changes that led to these widely diverse animal taxa. Finally, we focus on the challenging family of posterior Hox genes, which probably originated through independent tandem duplication events at the origin of each of the ambulacrarian, cephalochordate and vertebrate/urochordate lineages.
PMID 23819519
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current | 18:04, 21 November 2013 | ![]() | 977 × 800 (108 KB) | Z8600021 (talk | contribs) | ==Phylogenetic tree of deuterostomes showing the Hox clusters of non-olfactores deuterostomes== The Hox repertoire of a substantial number of groups within the invertebrate deuterostomes is still lacking (black question marks), and the origin of a 15 ... |
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