Talk:In Vitro Fertilization

Other Species

• Sheep (ovine) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20615540
• Horse (equine) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20591059

Trends in delivery and neonatal outcome after in vitro fertilization in Sweden: data for 25 years.

Hum Reprod. 2010 Apr;25(4):1026-34. Epub 2010 Feb 5.

Källén B, Finnström O, Lindam A, Nilsson E, Nygren KG, Otterblad Olausson P.

Tornblad Institute, University of Lund, Biskopsgatan 7, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden. bengt.kallen@med.lu.se Abstract

BACKGROUND: Marked changes have occurred in in vitro fertilization (IVF) methodology during the past 25 years but also in characteristics of couples undergoing treatment.

METHODS: This study was based on 27 386 women undergoing IVF treatment from 1982 to 2006 and giving birth to 31 850 infants. Outcomes of deliveries were studied using Swedish health registers. Comparisons were made with all deliveries in the population (n = 2 603 601). Adjusted odds ratios were calculated when important changes in background rates had occurred.

RESULTS: There was a substantial increase in the use of intracytoplasmatic sperm injection (ICSI) and the transfer of cryopreserved embryos. Among all ICSI cases, the proportion using epididymal or testicular sperm varied between 5 and 10%. Maternal characteristics changed during the observation period but the median age remained relatively constant in spite of the increasing maternal age in the population. There was a decline in the rate of some maternal pregnancy diagnoses (notably pre-eclampsia, premature rupture of membranes) and some neonatal diagnoses (notably preterm births, low birthweight, cerebral hemorrhage, respiratory diagnoses, use of continuous positive airway pressure and mechanical ventilation, sepsis/pneumonia). Up till 1992, the twinning rate increased to a maximum of about 30% and then declined to 5% towards the end of the period whereas higher order multiples nearly disappeared. The total rate of infants with congenital malformations changed only little.

CONCLUSIONS: The decrease in unwanted outcomes can, to a large extent, be explained by the reduced rate of multiple births but was seen also among singletons. Other explanations can be sought in changes in the characteristics of patients undergoing IVF.

PMID: 20139431 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Effects

• Effects of In Vitro Maturation on Histone Acetylation in Metaphase II Oocytes and Early Cleavage Embryos. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20613962
  • free article http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2896857/?tool=pubmed

• Reorganization of the Endoplasmic Reticulum and Development of Ca2+ Release Mechanisms During Meiotic Maturation of Human Oocytes. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20610804
  • "Oocyte maturation in rodents is characterized by a dramatic reorganization of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and an increase in the ability of an oocyte to release Ca(2+) in response to fertilization or inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3)). We examined if human oocytes undergo similar changes during cytoplasmic meiotic maturation both in vivo and in vitro. Immature, germinal vesicle (GV)-stage oocytes had a fine network of ER throughout the cortex and interior, whereas the ER in in vivo-matured metaphase II (MII)-stage oocytes was organized in large (~2-3 microm) accumulations throughout the cortex and interior. Likewise, oocytes matured in vitro exhibited cortical and interior clusters with no apparent polarity with regard to the meiotic spindle. In vivo-matured oocytes contained approximately 1.5X the amount of IP3 receptor protein and released significantly more Ca(2+) in response to IP(3) than GV-stage oocytes; however, oocytes matured in vitro did not contain more IP(3) receptor protein or release more Ca(2+) in response to IP(3) than GV-stage oocytes. These results show that at least one cytoplasmic change occurs during in vitro maturation of human oocytes that might be important for fertilization and subsequent embryonic development but suggest that a low developmental competence of in vitro matured oocytes could be due to deficiencies in the ability to release Ca(2+) at fertilization."