BGDA Practical - Female Reproductive Tract Histology: Difference between revisions
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==Uterus== | ==Uterus== | ||
* | * parts - body (upper two-thirds) and cervix. | ||
* walls - mucosal layer, the endometrium, and a fibromuscular layer, the myometrium. | * walls - mucosal layer, the endometrium, and a fibromuscular layer, the myometrium. | ||
* peritoneal surface of the uterus is covered by a serosa. | * peritoneal surface of the uterus is covered by a serosa. | ||
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** glands extend through the entire thickness of the stroma. | ** glands extend through the entire thickness of the stroma. | ||
* stromal cells of the endometrium are embedded in a network of reticular fibres. | * stromal cells of the endometrium are embedded in a network of reticular fibres. | ||
* | |||
===Menstrual cycle=== | |||
* hormones alter the endometrium. | |||
* only the uterus body mucosa takes part in the menstrual cycle. | |||
* endometrial layers (based on changes) | |||
# basalis - remains during menstruation, functions as a regenerative zone for the functionalis. | |||
# functionalis - lost during menstruation, functions as the site of cyclic changes in the endometrium. |
Revision as of 18:15, 7 May 2013
Introduction
This current page provides background support information for Medicine phase 1 BGD Histology Practical Virtual Slides. Page does not form part of the BGDA practical class virtual slides.
- Virtual Slides: Female Histology
Uterine Tube
(oviduct, fallopian tube)
- uterine tube acts as a conduit for the oocyte, from the ovaries to the uterus.
- consists of a mucosa and a muscularis.
- peritoneal surface of the oviduct is lined by a serosa and subjacent connective tissue.
Mucosa
- ciliated and secretory epithelium resting on a cellular lamina propria.
- number of ciliated cells and secretory cells varies along the tube.
- secretory activity varies during the menstrual cycle, and resting secretory cells are also referred to as peg-cells. Some of the secreted substances are thought to nourish the oocyte and the very early embryo.
Muscularis
- inner circular muscle layer and an outer longitudinal layer.
- inner longitudinal layer is present in the isthmus and the intramural part.
- peristaltic muscle action for the transport of spermatozoa and oocyte.
Tube Regions
infundibulum | ampulla | isthmus | intramural |
---|---|---|---|
funnel-shaped (up to 10 mm in diameter) end of the oviduct. Finger-like extensions of its margins, the fimbriae, are closely applied to the ovary. Ciliated cells are frequent. | mucosal folds, or plicae, and secondary folds which arise from the plicae divide the lumen of the ampulla into a very complex shape. Fertilization usually takes place in the ampulla. | narrowest portion (2-3 mm in diameter) of the tube located in the peritoneal cavity. Mucosal folds are less complex and the muscularis is thick. An inner, longitudinal layer of muscle is present in the isthmus. | penetrates the wall of the uterus. The mucosa is smooth, and the inner diameter of the duct is very small. |
Uterus
- parts - body (upper two-thirds) and cervix.
- walls - mucosal layer, the endometrium, and a fibromuscular layer, the myometrium.
- peritoneal surface of the uterus is covered by a serosa.
Myometrium
- smooth muscle fibres form several layers with preferred orientations.
- muscular tissue hypertrophies during pregnancy.
- GAP-junctions between cells become more frequent.
Endometrium
- simple columnar epithelium (ciliated cells and secretory cells) and an underlying thick connective tissue stroma.
- mucosa is invaginated to form many simple tubular uterine glands.
- glands extend through the entire thickness of the stroma.
- stromal cells of the endometrium are embedded in a network of reticular fibres.
Menstrual cycle
- hormones alter the endometrium.
- only the uterus body mucosa takes part in the menstrual cycle.
- endometrial layers (based on changes)
- basalis - remains during menstruation, functions as a regenerative zone for the functionalis.
- functionalis - lost during menstruation, functions as the site of cyclic changes in the endometrium.