File:Foster138.jpg

Fig. 138. Diagram of the development of the paired venous system of mammals (man) (From Gegenbaur.)

j. jugular vein ; cs. vena cava superior ; s. subclavian veins ; c. posterior cardinal vein ; v. vertebral vein ; az. azygos vein ; cor. coronary vein.

A. Stage in which the cardinal veins have already disappeared. Their position is indicated by dotted lines.

B. Later stage when the blood from the left jugular vein is carried into the right to form the single vena cava superior ; a remnant of the left superior cava being however still left.

C. Stage after the left vertebral vein has disappeared ; the right vertebral remaining as the azygos vein. The coronary vein remains as the last remnant of the left superior vena cava.

Reference

Foster, M., Balfour, F. M., Sedgwick, A., & Heape, W. (1883). The Elements of Embryology. (2nd ed.). London: Macmillan and Co.

Volume 1 - The History of the Chick: Egg structure and incubation beginning | Summary whole incubation | First day | Second day - first half | Second day - second half | Third day | Fourth day | Fifth day | Sixth day to incubation end | Figures 1

Volume 2 - The History of the Mammalian Embryo: General Development | Embryonic Membranes and Yolk-Sac | Organs from Epiblast | Organs from Mesoblast | Alimentary Canal | Appendix | Figures 2

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