File:AnsonKarabinMartin1939 fig16-17.jpg

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Figs. 16 and 17. Reconstruction of the stapedial region in an infant 3 months old

X 21

figure 16 is a tympanic view

figure 17, a vestibular.

In figure 16 the unlabeled arrows point into the space between the base and the crura; in figure 17 they mark the area in which the stapedial base is overlapped by the fenestral margin.

Abbreviations

In these and in the succeeding figures ant. crus. indicates anterior crus of stapes; cart. or cartil., cartilage; far. c., facial canal ; fen. cart, fenestral cartilage; fiss. a. f., fissula ante fenestram; fiss. cart, fissular cartilage; foss. p. f., fossula post fenestram; hav. sp., haversian spaces; mm. membn, mucous membrane; obt. membr., obturator membrane; perich., perichondrium; post. crus, posterior crus ; pryr, pyramid; sc. tymp, scala tympani; semis. t. t. m., semicanal for tensor tympani muscle; st. lig., stapedial ligament; t. c. or tymp. cavity, tympanic cavity; t. o. foss., tympanic orifice of fossula; v. or vest, vestibule; vestib. orif. or v. o. fiss, vestibular orifice of fissula, and v. o. foss., vestibular orifice of fossula.

Reconstructions
Age and Length	Series	Side	Figures
17 fetal weeks (135 mm)	5	Left	60
19.5 fetal weeks (161 mm)	13	Left	61
21.5 fetal weeks (183 mm)	21	Left	62
Fetus at term	Apr. 21	Right	1, 2, 13 to 15
3 mo.	2/ 1/32	Left	7, 8, 16 to 19, 63
3 yr.	6/18/29	Left	3, 4, 22, 23
18 yr.	1/17/31	Left	9, 10, 24, 25
57 yr.	1/14/33	Left	11, 12, 26 to 28
70 yr.	3/ 3/34	Left	5, 6, 20, 21, 29, 30, 64 A

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Pages where the terms "Historic" (textbooks, papers, people, recommendations) appear on this site, and sections within pages where this disclaimer appears, indicate that the content and scientific understanding are specific to the time of publication. This means that while some scientific descriptions are still accurate, the terminology and interpretation of the developmental mechanisms reflect the understanding at the time of original publication and those of the preceding periods, these terms, interpretations and recommendations may not reflect our current scientific understanding. (More? Embryology History \| Historic Embryology Papers)

Reference

Anson BJ. Karabin JE. and Martin J. Stapes, fissula ante fenestram and associated structures in man: II. From Fetus at Term to Adult of Seventy (1938) Arch. Otolaryng. 28: 676-697.

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