User:Z3417458

Lab 1 Assessment

Article 1

PMID24206211

<<pubmed>24206211</pubmed>>

Summary

The research was carried out to identify if ethnicity effects in vitro fertilisation (IVF) treatment and its outcomes. It investigated a larger population (1517) over the period of 5 years, with no similar studies being conducted recently to this extent. A comparison was made between ethnic minority and white European groups and their live birth rate outcomes following IVF or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment.

Method

• The participants were women who were in completion of their first cycle of IVF or ISCI treatment occurring between 2006 -2011
• Each participant was required to identify their ethnic origin, there were several groups including South East Asians, Middle Eastern Asians, African Caribbeans and white Europeans.
• They were administered gonadotrophin (GnRH) releasing hormone agonists during the midluteal phase of their menstrual cycle.
• Transvaginal ultrasound and serum estradiol measurements were used to observe follicular development. Chorionic gonadotrophin was given if three follicles observed, had a measurement of 18mm or more.
• The occytes were retrieved and then fertilised by IVF or ICSI, following this step at least two embryos were then transferred into the uterus.
• Progesterone pessaries were used for luteal phase support and 16 days later a serum hCG level was used to measure the outcome.
• A transvaginal ultrasound was again used to finally confirm pregnancy and further tests were administered throughout the process, including an ultrasound scan.

Findings

The research found that there are significantly higher live birth, clinical pregnancy and implantation rates after IVF treatment in women from the white European group compared to the Ethnic group. From the sub ethnic groups, the South East Asian participants showed the lowest success rates. Further research needs to be conducted to support the results as there were less participants in the sub ethnic minority groups (14.95%) compared to the white European (85.1%).

Article 2

PMID24040458

<<pubmed>24040458</pubmed>>

Summary

The paper highlighted the impact of endometriosis on IVF/ICSI treatment outcomes. There was an involvement of 1027 patients, 431 that suffered from infertility due to endometriosis. There have been particularly high risks of infertility due to aspects of endometriosis. This study’s main focus was to see if there were any significant differences in IVF/ICSI treatment outcomes and ovarian stimulation parameters, among women with endometriosis and women with tubal factors.

Method

• It included 1027 patients; 152 with stage I-II endometriosis, 279 with stage III-IV endometriosis, 596 patients with tubal factors were the control group.

The study was conducted between 2011 and 2012.

• Patients with endometriosis had complete removal of endometriosis lesion by laparoscopy before their IVF/ICSI treatment. The laparoscopy was also used to diagnose the control group with tubal infertility.

COH Protocol

• Endometriosis patients went through controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) or GnRH-a prolonged protocol.
• Serum E2 level <pg/mL and serum LH level <2mIU/mL were administered in confirmation of pituitary suppression. The GnRH-a long protocol was given to the control group.
• Administration of 150 IU/d intramuscularly was commenced and ovarian stimulation with Puregon or recombinant FSH.
• Once two follicles reached a measurement of 18 mm, recombinant hCG was provided to trigger follicle maturation.
• Oocytes were retrieved transvaginally following hCG injection.
• The assessment of embryos had a few variables; cleavage rate, equality of blastomeres, degree of fragmentation, and mononuclearity in blastomeres.
• The embryos were classified into four categories according to the number of cells and fragmentation percentage.
• From the time of oocyte retrieval luteal phase support was given through 60mg injections of progesterone

Findings

The endometriosis patients responded ‘worse’ to the ovarian stimulation that tubal factor patients. Although it was shown that patients with endometriosis had more success rates compared to the patients with infertility as a result of tubal factors. The results depicted that IVF/ICSI is effective for patients who may have infertility due to endometriosis. This was aided by the administration of COH, pituitary suppression, and efficient surgery before the treatments. Without those factors, it is possible that different outcomes would have occurred. The results proved that both patients with endometriosis and tubal infertility had relatively equivalent pregnancy outcomes. Therefore IVF/ICSI (ART) could be an effective treatment for infertility in women due to endometriosis or tubal factors.

Lecture Reviews

Lecture 1

I thought the lecture was well divided for a first lecture of the semester. The information about the course and our requirements were well presented and easy to understand. I enjoyed the content about the history of embryology, I've never heard of the "Carnegie Stages of Development". I though that was really interesting to see the development of a zygote and for there to be such technology where you can see such detail is really amazing. I liked that we were shown video's, its always good to have lecture content presented in different ways, keeps me focused.

Lecture 2

I've previously learned about the process of meiosis and mitosis in high school biology, it was good to refresh my memory. I was familiar with most of the content since I completed histology in semester 1, so I happy that I could follow the information. The content on polar bodies was new to me, I didn't know what those were before the lecture. The stages of fertilisation for males and females were new to me. In this lecture I found the link between maternal age and the risks of Trisomy 21 surprising as I had no idea that there was a link. It is quite alarming how the risks increase so much with age.

Type in a Group

A combination of both of these;

Teamworker

A Teamworker is the oil between the cogs that keeps the machine that is the team running smoothly. They are good listeners and diplomats, talented at smoothing over conflicts and helping parties understand one other without becoming confrontational. Since the role can be a low-profile one, the beneficial effect of a Teamworker can go unnoticed and unappreciated until they are absent, when the team begins to argue, and small but important things cease to happen. Because of an unwillingness to take sides, a Teamworker may not be able to take decisive action when it is needed.

Completer Finisher

The Completer Finisher is a perfectionist and will often go the extra mile to make sure everything is "just right," and the things he or she delivers can be trusted to have been double-checked and then checked again. The Completer Finisher has a strong inward sense of the need for accuracy, and sets his or her own high standards rather than working on the encouragement of others. They may frustrate their teammates by worrying excessively about minor details and by refusing to delegate tasks that they do not trust anyone else to perform.

Lab Attendance

Lab 1 --Z3417458 (talk) 12:45, 6 August 2014 (EST)

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed

PubMed

PMID25084016

<pubmed>25084016</pubmed> Lab 2 --Z3417458 (talk) 11:11, 13 August 2014 (EST)

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