User:Z3217345

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Lab 4 Online Assessment

1. The allantois, identified in the placental cord, is continuous with what anatomical structure?
2. Identify the 3 vascular shunts, and their location, in the embryonic circulation.
3. Identify the Group project sub-section that you will be researching. (Add to project page and your individual assessment page)

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Lab Attendance

--z3217345 11:55, 28 July 2011 (EST)

--z3217345 12:52, 4 August 2011 (EST)

Individual Assessment

Lab 1

1. Identify the origin of In Vitro Fertilization and the 2010 nobel prize winner associated with this technique.

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF), is a type of Assisted Reproduction Technology (ART). It stems from the Latin word "vitro" meaning "glass" and refers to the process of fertilization undertaken in a test tube/laboratory environment. In 1978 IVF was first conducted by Robert G. Edwards et al. in the UK producing the first IVF baby, Louise Brown.[1] The 2010 Nobel Prize in Medicine was awarded to Robert G. Edwards for this advancement.[2]

2. Identify a recent paper on fertilization and describe its key findings.

Correlation of body mass index with outcome of in vitro fertilization in a developing country.

The paper looked at individuals in a developing country, examining the relationship between their BMI and their experience of in vitro fertilization.

This research paper had a number of key findings:

-Oocytes retrieved from all four groups (low, normal, overweight, obese weight based on BMI) were of a similar number

-Fertilization and cleavage rate of oocytes decreased with an increasing BMI

-Oocyte quality decreseas with an increasing BMI

-Clinical pregnancy rate decreased with the decreasing oocyte quality

-Low BMI had no substantial affect on oocyte quality and clinical pregnancy rate

3. Identify 2 congenital anomalies.

Congenital anomalies are abnormal structural formations of a newborn baby. Two malformations are Myelomeningocele and Tetralogy of Fallot. Myelomeningocele, commonly known as Spina Bifida is a neural tube defect where the spinal canal does not completely fuse with the backbone prior to birth.[3] Tetralogy of Fallot is a heart defect which is characterised by: ventricular septal defect; thickened muscular wall of right ventricle; aorta stems from both left and right ventricle; decrease in size of the artery and valve connecting the lungs and heart. This results in cyanosis. [4]

Lab 2

1. Identify the ZP protein that spermatozoa binds and how is this changed (altered) after fertilisation.

2. Identify a review and a research article related to your group topic. (Paste on both group discussion page with signature and on your own page)

Research Articles:

Turner syndrome and metabolic derangements: Another example of fetal programming.

Turner syndrome and sexual differentiation of the brain: implications for understanding male-biased neurodevelopmental disorders.

Estrogen requirements in girls with Turner syndrome; how low is enough for initiating puberty and uterine development?

Review Articles:

Optimising management in Turner syndrome: from infancy to adult transfer.