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...a vascular MRI 02.jpg|thumb|alt=Human placenta vascular MRI|Human placenta vascular MRI]] ...can be measured by doppler ultrasound. When considering placental vascular bed development, the associated changes in maternal decimal blood flow and deve

{{Placenta Links}} =Radioangiographic studies of circulation in the maternal placenta of the rhesus monkey: preliminary report=

=Placenta Embryology and Circulation= ...epage] | [http://www.a-s-a.com.au|Australian Sonographers Association] | [[Placenta Development]] | [[Main Page|Embryology]]

...e retired. In addition to her research articles she published 2 books "The Placenta of Laboratory Animals and Man" (1975) and "Placental Vasculature and Circul {{Placenta Links}}

This page introduces an overview of aspects of the basic fetal subunit of the placenta, the placental villi development. In early placentation, each villi proceed {{Placenta Links}}

...(19 somite) vascular distribution|thumb|Image of mouse embryo (19 somite) vascular distribution (about [[Carnegie stage 11|Human stage 12]])]] This lecture has 2 parts; firstly introducing an overview of early vascular development, secondly the key events in heart development.

...mesoderm. These blood islands extend and fuse together making a primordial vascular network. Within these islands the peripheral cells form endothelial cells w See also the related pages: {{artery}}, {{vein}}, {{placenta vascular bed}}, {{coronary circulation}}.

...can surgeon;''' '''D.'s windows = fat-free portions of mesentery framed by vascular arcades adjacent to the attached margin of the intestine. ...etrium invaded by the chorionic villi; unites with the chorion to form the placenta.

This lecture is an introduction to the development and functions of the placenta. ...''plakuos'' = flat cake) named on the basis of this organs appearance. The placenta a mateno-fetal organ which begins developing at implantation of the blastoc

=Early Vascular Development= [[File:Mouse embryo vascular.png|thumb|Mouse embryo (19 somite) vascular distribution]]

=Early Vascular Development= ...omite) vascular distribution|thumb|mage shows the mouse embryo (19 somite) vascular distribution.]]

[[File:Placental membranes.jpg|350px|left|fetal membranes and placenta]] This lecture is an introduction to the development and functions of the placenta.

[[File:Placental membranes.jpg|350px|left|fetal membranes and placenta]] This lecture is an introduction to the development and functions of the placenta.

...ied. The decidua serotina, on the other hand, forms the basis in which the placenta is developed. ...and numerous communications are being opened up between the aortae and the vascular-plexus system of the yolk-sac and also between the yolk-sac system and the

...other developmentally essential functions, the correct development of the placenta is important to correct embryonic and fetal development. Morbidly adherent placenta (MAP) is the general clinical term used to describe the different forms of

...placental, z.e. derived direct from the maternal blood circulating in the placenta, or paraplacental, t.e. derived from the endometrium. The Paraplacental pab ...ishment of the vascular nexus between the maternal and fcetal blood in the placenta.

...development oft the fetus proceeds more and more oxygen is taken up in the placenta and the maternal veins leaving it become darker and darker, containing litt ...venous blood, but with that at the arterial end o«f the maternal capillary bed. This mechanism is illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 23.

...many times the diameter of ordinary capillaries. The blood-vessels of the placenta of the Guinea pig are stated by Creighton, 77a, p. 544, to have the same ch :B, sub-glandular vascular zone with (a), sub-glandular zone with small vessels (b), outer zone with l

* 22.5 Day. Villi vascular. Oedema at junction zone. # endothelial cells of the maternal vascular system

...led its imperfectly known purpose by the end of the eighth week, while the placenta has a definite function lunar months, then is discarded at birth. Dr. Herti ...h the individual started life (that is, the inherited vulnerability of his Vascular system) as by the much blamed overwork, overeating, oversmoking and overdri

...chamber with Mrs. L., the Thompsonian left the house, but Mrs. L. kept her bed, and, in fact, never left it from that time till her death, which took plac ...but not of an inflammatory appearance. The Fallopian tubes were also very vascular.

...must consider not only the weight of the fetus itself but also that of the placenta. The relationship between the two changes greatly as gestation proceeds. ...n the placenta is not known; but ioo cc. or more can be recovered from the placenta when the umbilical cord is clamped immediately after birth. Much of this bl

...at absorption occurred through the ventricular ependyma into the capillary bed of the nervous system. Intravenous administration of a hypertonic salt solu ...remained intact. The embryo, still attached by its umbilical stalk to the placenta, was exposed by careful removal of the chorion and amnion and kept in the w

[[File:Placenta_anchoring_villi.jpg|thumb|Trophoblasts in placenta anchoring villi]] ...neral introduction to this cell type. Many studies use animal models, term placenta or some new in vitro cell models.

...eitschrift fur Anatomic, vol. 105, Julius Springer, Berlin, Germany. ) The placenta is made up of many cotyledons, each cotyledon being composed of a main stem ...acentation of the embryo is in the antimesometrial side of the uterus. The placenta is probably of the hemochorial relationship at first becoming hemoendotheli

...'' = "window") A small pore approximately 60 to 70 nm diameter in vascular bed endothelium (renal glomerular, gastrointestinal, and endocrine gland capill :(More? [[Placenta Development]] | [[Cardiovascular_System_-_Blood_Development|Blood Developme

...ts lowest point in the day, typically in the morning before getting out of bed. Note that body temperature changes, an increase, is used to approximately ===battledore placenta===

...n stage 12, the principal solution of this problem, in the form of a blood vascular system, is well under way. ...equirements call for some new provision, and this is supplied by the blood vascular system. As soon as the margins of the neural folds begin to fuse across the

...e application of a variety of histochemical procedures to the study of the placenta. Our interest has focussed mainly on the cytology of the trophoblast which ...particular cases described in this paper. The junctional zone of the human placenta is known frequently to be a site of calcification. This thought led to the

...ovary. There was no distinct membrane external to this, though irregular, vascular-looking strips of cellular tissue could still be raised by the forceps. ...d to the depth of three-sixteenths of an inch, and converted into a loose, vascular, shaggy texture, in which fine zigzag vessels, intermixed with whitish fibr

...re it can arrive at its adult structure, the changes in the arrangement of vascular channels during the course of development form a coherent and logical story ...e the course of its main blood vessels is determined by these centers, the vascular plan is different. No such profound changes occur between the embryonic and

...px|left]] This historic 1923 review describes the development of the human-placenta. {{Placenta Links}}

...be inevitable. Indeed, whenever the layer of ovarian stroma overlying the placenta is thin, very early death of the fetus would seem to be inevitable from def ...roke through the layer of lutein cells and made for itself a cavity in the vascular stroma of the ovary. This conclusion could also have been drawn from our sp

...’21), in which he shows that the capillary resistance of a given capillary bed is constantly changing, makes it impossible to accept proposition no. 5, ev ...st vascular border and the fetus removed with a minimum disturbance to the placenta and fetal circulation. It is possible to cut away the ventral thoracic wall

The primitive vascular tubes or capillaries form below the anterior region of the developing meten ...hip of the intersegmental arteries and veins, and the drawing of the three vascular tubules to the right depict a later stage of this developmental relationshi

...al heart which resulted from increased peripheral resistance set up in the placenta by the uterine contractions. ...ment they may not be very well developed. Failure ok cardio-inhibitory and vascular reflex mechanisms to function at birth is related at least partially to low

...grafted, until a later period, when the formation of villi by ingrowths of vascular mesoderm into the trophic ectoderm enables the embryo to obtain nutriment b

...ing the specimens from the uterus under warm saline solutions, leaving the placenta attached to the uterine wall. It has often been erroneously assumed that ci ...ision in the least vascular portion of the uterus at one end of the zonary placenta it commonly begins to execute respiratory moves ments within a very short p

...development, up to the 35th day, by which time the mature features of the placenta are attained. In fact this constitutes the only relatively complete record materno-fetal vascular exchange which, to a large extent, gradually replaces it.

:(More? [[Placenta - Abnormalities]]) ...of maternal antibodies to the [[F#fetus|fetus]] (through the [[P#placenta|placenta]]) and the neonate (through milk).

...e changes of the chorion are not so pronounced. The chorionic wall is very vascular and unusually fibrous for one containing an embryo so small. The amnion is ...in an apparently normal chorion which has been peeled out of a hemorrhagic bed.

...stimulates the formation of blood, produces tension and congestion in the vascular system, and stimulates the function of the breasts. After labor, lactation ...se in animals in whom the epithelium plays no part in the formation of the placenta.

This is effected by means of a special organ known as the placenta, in which blood-vessels, derived from the embryo and from the mother respec ...ck, directly continuous with those of the embryo; and, by the outgrowth of vascular processes of the allantois into the walls of the uterus, the vessels of the

(b) Interfollicular stroma. Constituent tissues? Observe the rich vascular supply and its intimate relation to the follicles ; significance ? ...From without inward, note: theca folliculi; its fibrous tunica externa and vascular tunica interna; membrana propria; stratum granulosum; cavity, or antrum, co

{{Placenta Links}} ...perative or as a post—mortem specimen.<ref>Herzog: Description of an Early Placenta in .siitu,. obtained from the living. The Am. Gym. and Obst. Journal, April

===abruptio placenta=== :(placental abruption) Clinical term for when the placenta separates from the maternal uterus ([[D#decidua|decidua]]). Abnormal placen

...leased to get full particulars. It was suggested that it might be due to a placenta praev. in the tube." ...g. Three days before coming to hospital severe pain in right side. Took to bed; nausea and vomiting. No mention of bleeding in history. Conditions at the

...on and connection with the walls of the uterus. The functional mass of the placenta is formed from the wall of the ovum. ...of the uterus, known as the decidua or decidual membrane , is a thick and vascular layer when the fertilized ovum comes into contact with it. The ovum proceed

'''Section D Biology of Sperm and Ova, Fertilization, Implantation, the Placenta, and Pregnancy''' =Histochemistry and Electron Microscopy of the Placenta=

...ed to be due to the production by the foetal tissues (e g., the developing placenta) of substances, possibly oestrogenic hormones, which prolong its life. The ...l pieces This tissue loss may be ascribed to destruc tion of the capillary bed The circulation m the endometnum appears to be controlled during menstruati

...developmental processes such as: embryonic folding, coelom formation, and vascular development <ref name="PMID16479500><pubmed>16479500 </pubmed></ref>. As a ...t of the foramen ovale is critical as it allows oxygen-rich blood from the placenta to bypass pulmonary circulation of the embryo and directly enter systemic c

...50 per cent alcohol. After the abortion two or three pieces of decidua and placenta were passed, weighing together about 30 grams, the right quantity, it seeme ...tion of formalin. It appears as :1 transparent cyst with a crescent—shaped placenta on one end, measuring 60 x 50 mm. Upon opening it I found within :1 second

...was clearly the chorion, for over its greater part it had the structure of placenta, which was thickest at the bottom of the sac and thin at the upper part. ...rry Hart has proved this beyond dispute for he has been able to inject the placenta which had come out of its ruptured tube and acquired these strange and unus

...and the uterine mucosa is of the non-deciduate type with a simple, diffuse placenta. In short, the problem is here reduced to its lowest terms, and the solutio ...ed membrane, against the inner surface of which, after the third week, the vascular allantois is intimately applied. Nutritive substances passing from mother t

...e age, not only of the accompanying cyema, but of the chorionic vesicle or placenta as well. It is evident also that, in case of abortuses composed of villi on ...syncytium and which still were implanted in the musculature were often non-vascular, and their stroma, as noted by Mall, was usually mucoid. In contrasting the

...scape into the abdominal cavity, the placenta becoming reimplanted on some vascular intra-abdominal tissue with continued growth of the embryo. The same change ...rstitial, the fetus may gradually be extruded into the uterine cavity, the placenta remaining attached

Fold, ileo-colic, vascular fold of caecum. Placenta, a flat cake.

==Vascular System== ...eleventh segment and largest at the level of the fourteenth. The vascular bed (cross-sectional area) at this level is even larger than that of the paired

...ound within the central cavities of bones. Its source in the embryo is the vascular mesenchyma invading a cartilage which is being replaced by bone. Early in i layer, or tela submucosa. It is a vascular connective tissue, by which the mucous membrane is attached to underlying m

...his conception of a major drainage of cerebro-spinal fluid into the l)lood-vascular system is the view championed by Cathelin'^', that the Ij'mphatic drainage ...of the arachnoidea through the dural wall, prolonged directly beneath the vascular endothelium of the venous sinuses. Furthermore, columns of arachnoid cells

...n, resulting in intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR), so often involves vascular insufficiency. Moreover, anoxia at birth in the human full-term baby occurs ...n more LCP and less SCP than those of maternal plasma so it seems that the placenta modifies the maternal supply of polyunsaturated fatty acids by preferential

passes from the fetus back to the placenta through the ...peritoneum sometimes presented a circumscribed redness, evidently clue to vascular arborization, but in only two instances did Meynet find a well-developed ge

...ent formaldehyde) within an hour after the operation. It was placed upon a bed of cotton and appeared at first to be almost spherical. It flattened out, h ...bed by Eternod as aortic arches are not such, but only the components of a vascular plexus. We can, however, safely assume that angiogenesis is to be recognize

...ed in the splanchnopleure (Figs. 29 and 32). The formation of this primary vascular network in rabbit embryos has been described by Bremer (Amer. Journ. of Ana ...which surrounds them, also arise very early, and these may be set apart as vascular tissue.

The structure of the placenta of Anomalurus. II. 3. M. The structure of the placenta of Anomalurus. II. 3. M.

17: Coen B. A Communication as to the Causation of Large Vascular Grooves found Cardiac Malformation with Vascular Anomalies.

The formation of this primary vascular network in rabbit embryos has very early, and these may be set apart as vascular tissue.

...o give a diagram which represents the fcetus m w/ero in a normal case. The placenta also and the different membranes are diagrammatically shown. ...er bed until that time, for the head can be directed while the woman is in bed as well as when she is on the labor stool. Sometimes it will be well to all

XV. Ralph H. Major. Studies on the Vascular System of the Thyroid Gland 475 With 10 Figures. ^^Ingalls. X. W. A contribution to the embryology of the liver and vascular system in man. Anat. Record. 190S, Vol. 2. p. 343.

...int " at the age of six months. Her labors had been easy ; she remained in bed for two days after each, being attended only by a midwife. PIcr menses firs ...e often afforded where there has been focal softening of the cortex due to vascular disease. Here the individual may be incapable of naming correctly objects o

...espiration, 395. Aeriferous Apparatus. Bronchial Tubes, and AirCells, 395. Vascular Apparatus, 398. Pathology, 399. Mr. Rainey's views on, Tubes, Malpighian Bodies, and Epithelial Cells, 442. Vascular Apparatus of, 444.

patch continues to become more vascular become vascular as a result of treatment

FRANXiiiN Pearce Reagan. Experimental studies on the origin of vascular endothelium and of erythrocytes. Eighty-nine figures 39 Vera Danchakoff. The position of the respiratory vascular net in the allantois of the chick. One plate 407

...It is necessary to again call attention to the abundance of the l>Tnphatic vascular net-work, and the numerous ner\-es that penneate this region. The round hga Since I took the enlargement for a neurofibroma I did not note its vascular or other relations as I should have otherwise done. The specimen was carefu

...y the outflow of fluid was impeded. He mentioned, also, the possibility of vascular disturbances causing an increase of fluid by distortion of the vessels. ...in adjacent beds. No attempt at isolation was made and they used the same bed-tal)lp and to some extent the same utensils. Cultures were made tiaily from

...ia mater dissected off; very great care must be exercised in removing this vascular membrane in order that the tiny penetrating vessels do not tear the surface ...nd bundle with its larger and smaller branches could not be freed from its bed until the strand of connective tissue uniting it with the underlying muscul

...a small artery, or to distention of the first part of the duodenum, or to vascular disturbances of some kind, infectious or mechanical. Although thrombosis of ...gall-stone. Since this attack patient has never been well ; constantly in bed. Great deal of soreness through abdomen, and at times attacks of colic. The

...hould, and the blood-vessels are scattered and run along the amnion to the placenta, as should also \ye the case when the subject is viewed from the standpoint ...heart is atrophic but some of the blood-vessels are present, or the whole vascular system of the body is absent, with remnants of vessels in the yolk sac and

...al position, thus avoiding the necessity of searching for nutriment in the bed of the stream. In the adult larva of Simulium bracteatum they are composed ...been liberated in the water and which have, whenever possible, sunk to the bed of the stream. The third reason is that, as inferred at the conclusion of t

XVI. William Snoav Miller. The Vascular Supply of the Pleura Pulmonalis 389 With 13 Text Figures. ...he later development is due more largely to the activity of the muscle and vascular mechanisms.

...ing inwards, the sphincter muscle was then clearly exposed, freed from its bed, and the ends cut off (Fig. 6). The rectal part of the tear was now closed represents vascular zone of hilum, entirely free from glands.

...im concluded that in complete obstruction to the chyle-flow into the blood vascular system, the digestion and absorption of albumens, as well as tlieir convers ...st that the ditferentiation of angioblasts as well as the sprouting of the vascular

...gh there is a considerable number of mesenchyme cells clustered around the vascular plexus ensheathing the central nervous system, and among the nerve rootlets ...helial wall on the labyrinth. Around the margins of the capsule there is a vascular network the branches of which, however, do not penetrate into its substance

6. A girl, died at 1 year, " smothered in bed." ...ently involving more or less extensively the reticular cells and the lymph-vascular endothelial cells, the process being generally associated with localized ac

...job, Johns Hopkins Medical School. — Preparations and drawings showing the vascular supply of the thyroid gland. ...nteobb L Bubeows, Johns Hopkins Medical School. — Preparations showing the vascular supply of the adult medulla oblongata.

...expresses it — has to be wrought by each one for himself. Start at once a bed-side library and spend the last half hour of the day in comnimiion with the A historic review of the development of our knowledge of vascular diseases and pathological and historical consideration of the initial chang

...but at noon complained of pain in the stomach and weakness and was put to bed and died suddenly in the afternoon. The autopsy (No. 389) was reported as f ...e tonsil, in some cases in fact enucleating it perhaps ono-fourth from its bed in the sinus

...al unit of the hver. Finished contributions of studies in which methods of vascular injection, corrosion injection, maceration and differential digestion where 9. Histological changes in the placenta in the Toxaemias of pregnancy. J. L. Bremer. Harvard Medical School.

’79; //aitrand DeWilt ’’OS- n ^^"7 ^^^‘^"bed by various observers (Tschiriew, This layer, with the vascular pia,

...the Origin of the Lymphatic Endothelium from the Endothelium of the Blood Vascular System. (From the Anatomical Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University.) 46 N. W. Ingalls. a Contribution to the Embryology of the Liver and Vascular System in Man, with four plates and two figures 338

...he cord. It consists of a network of glia tissue, somewhat looser and more vascular than the adjoining cord. In this sponge-like framework lie a number of mult ...er, a very gradual one and the differences slight. There is a rather loose vascular mesenchyme tissue that fills in the space between the peritoneum on the one

...the rudimentary tongue. Taste buds are present on the slender papillae of vascular submueosa. Capillaries (cap.) are seen in the vicinity of the taste buds. T ...rst differs very little from tliat of the oral cavity, being areolar, very vascular, and heavily impregnated with fat. Posteriorly, the spaces between the fat

...known personage where such a result was achieved by several months rest in bed in a horizontal position and the continual use of a truss. tous necrosis. The spleen is moderately enlarged, very soft and vascular, the splenic corpuscles being obliterated. The heart shows its pericardial

Franklin P. Reagan. A further study of the origin of blood vascular tissues in chemically treated teleost embryos, with especial reference to h Bexjamin B. Lipshutz. Studies on the blood vascular tree. I. A composite study of the femoral artery. Five figures 361

...to that of a large walnut. In the larger abscesses the mucous membrane and vascular capillaries have been destroyed in places and the process has extended into ...se deriva de la repulsi6n de las particulas de tinta por las celulas de la placenta y membranas fetales es que dichas celulas son incapaces de absorber o fagoc

The vascular system of the common squid. American Naturalist, volume 36, pp. 787-794, 5 Living embryos are obtained, the amnion opened, the placenta squeezed to force the blood into the embryo, and the umbilicus tied or clam

...nger species of Goodsiria described by Herdman, viz., G.pednnculata and G. placenta, are decidedly pedunculated, while this charracter is as markedly absent fr ...d together in the bottom of pockets or shallow depressions of the gravelly bed of the lake, among the water weeds. These fish may be speared from a boat,

...d with the bronchi, and, after following the veins almost to the capillary bed, they pass to the pleura. In the early stages the terminal veins lie about ...n stages of development, their evident more or less firm attachment to the vascular surface, and their restriction, apparently without exception, to the ventra

...e posterior pyramid (P'). The arrow indicates the division between the two vascular trees, c represents a section of the long lateral column of cortical substa The early months of 1882 were passed in much the usual way. When confined to bed by the unbearable bone pain and neuralgias his condition was truly pitiful.

Removal of fcetus and placenta 6 cases and bits of tissue resembling placenta. There was slight

...e right component is entirely at the right of the median plane. The blood- vascular, the tligestive, and the urogenital s\stems, excepting the kidney, and the ...ient, osteoid tissue, largely lacking lacunae, may arrange itself around a vascular opening and thus have all the appearances of an Haversian system, and give

...elline in origin and accordingly concluded that the arterial supply of the placenta must be non-allantoic. In the case under discussion, however, the single um ...ules may be similarly traced. In both cases, absorption into the capillary bed seems indicated.

Nerves which innervate the Visceral and Vascular Systems. The Journal of Physiology, Vol. Vil, Nr. 1, S. 1— 80. Blanc, Le Falaschi, E., Una placenta umana con due pseudo-cisti siero-sanguinolente. Siena, Enrico Torrini edit.

The anomaly of the vascular system stated in the title was foimd (hiriiiR a oourse in comparative anato ...s the central area is seen to be structurally of the same character as the vascular area hnng just outside the square.

and Vascular Systems. Jour, of Phys. Vol. 7. '89. On the Relation between the Structure, ...foetal period. Accordingly, they have sometimes been called the "cerebral placenta."