Talk:1987 Developmental Stages In Human Embryos - Bibliography

From Embryology

A

Ansar, Y. H. 1931. The history of the prochordal plate in the rabbit. J. Anat., 46, 14-45.

<pubmed>17104355</pubmed>

Adams, W. E. I960. Early human development. N. Z. Med. J., 59, 7-17.

Adelmann, H. B. 1922. The significance of the prechordal plate: an interpretative study. Amer, J. Anat., 31, 54-101.

Allan, F. D. 1963. Observations on the organizer areas of the human pre-somite embryo. Anat. Rec, 145, 199.

Allen, E., Pratt, J. P, Newell, Q. U., and Bland, LJ. 1930. Human tubal ova; related early corpora lutea and uterine tubes. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 414, Contrib. Embryoi, 22, 45-76.

Allen, M. S., and Turner, U. G. 1971. Twin birth—identical or fraternal twins? Obstet. Gynecol, 37, 538-542.

Andersen, H., Ehlers, N., and Matthiessen, M. E. 1965. Histochemistry and development of the human eylids. Acta ophthalmol, 43, 642-668.

Andersen, H., Ehlers, N., Matthiessen, M. E., and Claesson, M. H. 1967. Histochemistry and development of the human eyelids II. Acta ophthalmol, 45, 288-298.

Anderson, R. H. 1973. An investigation of bulboventricular morphogenesis in the human heart. Proc. Anat. Soc. Great Britain and Ireland, p. 12 (abstract).

Anderson, R. H., Wilkinson, J. L, and Becker, A. E. 1978. The bulbus cordis—A misunderstood region of the developing human heart. In Rosenquist, G. C, and Bergsma, D. (ed.). Morphogenesis and Malformation of the Cardiovascular System. Liss, New York, pp. 1-28.

Anson, B. J., and Black, W. T. 1934. The early relation of the auditory vesicle to the ectoderm in human embryos. Anat. Rec, 58, 127-137.

Arey, L. B. 1938. The history of the first somite in human embryos. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 496, Contrib. Embryoi, 27, 233-269.

Arey, L B., and Henderson, J. W. 1943. The Huber six-somite human embryo (No, 71). Anat. Rec, 85, 295.

Ashley, D.J. B. 1959. Are ovarian pregnancies parthenogenetic? Amer J. Hum Genet., 11, 305-310.

Atwell, W. J. 1926. The prechordal plate in a human embryo with small neuropore. Anat. Rec. 32, 200 (Abstr ).

Atwell, W. J. 1930. A human embryo with seventeen pairs of somites. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 407, Contrib. Embryol.,21, 1-24.

Avila Fredes, W. 1970. Caracteristicas morfologicas del corazon del embrion humano de 4, 5 mm. (Horizontes XII y XIII, de Streeter). An. Desarrollo, 15, 173-182.

<pubmed>803029</pubmed>

A seven-cell human egg recovered from the oviduct

Fertil Steril. 1975 Dec;26(12):1167-72.

Avendaño S1, Croxatto HD, Pereda J, Croxatto HB.

Abstract

A seven-cell human egg recovered from the proximal middle quarter of the oviduct is described. Whether or not it is a normal representative of this stage of human development cannot be established at the present time. The specimen was recovered 83 hours after intercourse and 77 hours after the first significant elevation of the luteinizing hormone level in the urine. According to these data and the results of the endometrial and corpus luteum biopsies, the age of the egg was estimated to be approximately 72 hours. An analysis of size and the reaction of the blastomeres to toluidine blue suggests that they already show some differentiation at this early stage of development. The addition of these findings to previous reports of eggs recovered from human oviducts and uteri gives support to the concept that human eggs are delivered to the endometrial cavity when they contain between 7 and 12 blastomeres.

PMID 803029

B

Baca, M., and Zamboni, L. 1967. The fine structure of human follicular oocytes.J. Ultrastruct. Res., 19, 354-381.

<pubmed>6053018</pubmed>

Baginski, S., and Borsuk, I. 1967. (Micromorphology of the human fetus in the third week of tubal pregnancy). Folia Morphol. (Warszawa), 26, 153-160.

Bandler. 1912. The earliest recorded case of ectopic gestation. Amer.J. Obstet. Gynecol, 66, 454.

Barniville, H. L. 1915. The morphology and histology of a human embryo of 8.5 mm.J. Anat, Physiol, 49, 1-71.

Bartelmez, G. W. 1922. The origin of the otic and optic primordia in man.J. Comp. Neurol, 34, 201-232.

Bartelmez, G. W. 1923. The subdivisions of the neural folds in man.J. Comp, Neurol, 35, 231-247.

Bartelmez, G. W., and Blount, M. P. 1954. The formation of neural crest from the primary optic vesicle in man. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 603, Contrib. Embryoi, 35, 55-71.

Bartelmez, G. W., and Dekaban, A. S. 1962. The early development of the human brain. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 621, Contrib. Embryoi, 37, 13-32.

Bartelmez, G. W., and Evans, H. M. 1926. Development of the human embryo during the period of somite formation, including embryos with 2 to 16 pairs of somites. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 362, Contrib. Embryoi, 17, 1-67.

BaxterJ. S., and Boyd, j. D. 1939. Observations on the neural crest of a ten-somite human embryo.J. Anat., 73, 318— 326.

Bellairs, R. 1986. The primitive streak. Anat. Embryoi., 174, 1-14.

Bergquist, H. 1952. Formation of neuromeres in Homo. Acta Societatis Medicorwn IJpaliensis, 57, 23-32.

Blandau, R.J. (ed). 1971. The Biology ofthe Blastocyst. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

Blechschmidt, E. 1948 Funktiorisentwicklung. I. Mechan-ische Genwirkungen. Musterschmidt, Gottingen.

Blechschmidt, E. 1963. Der menschliche Embryo. Dokumentationen zur kinetiscben Anatomie. Schattauer, Stuttgart.

Blechschmidt, E. 1968. Vom Eizum Embryo. Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart.

Blechschmidt, E. 1972. Die ersten drei Wochen nach der Befruchtung. Image Roche, Basel, 47, 17-24.

Blechschmidt, E. 1973. Die prdnatalen Organsysteme des Menschen. Hippokrates, Stuttgart.

Bloom, W., and Bartelmez, G. W. 1940. Hematopoiesis in young human embryos. Amer. J. Anat., 67, 21-53.

Boerner-Patzelt, D., and Schwarzacher, W. 1923. Ein junges menschliches Ei in situ. Z. Anat. Entw., 68, 204-229.

Bonnot, E., and Severs, R. 1906. On the structure of a human embryo eleven millimeters in length. Anat. Anz., 29, 452-459.

Born, G. 1883. Die Plattenmodelliermethode. Arch. mikr. Anat., 22, 584-599.

Bossy, J. 1980a. Development of olfactory and related structures in staged human embryos. Anat. Embryoi, 161,225— 236.

Bossy, J. 1980b. Developpement sequential de la glande mammaire primitive pendant la periode embryonnaire vraie. Senelogia, 5, 325-328.

Bossy, J. 1980c. Developpement des branches dorsales de5 nerfs spinaux durant la periode embryonnaire vraie. Bull. Ass. Anat, 64, 199-206.

Bossy, J. 1981. Innervation sequentielle de l'anse intestinale chez Fembryon humain. Bull. Ass. Anat., 65, 245-251.

Bossy, J. 1982. Sequence du developpement de l'innervation cutanee des membres chez Tembryon humain. Bull. Ass. Anat, 66, 57-61.

Boving, B. G. 1963. Implantation Mechanisms. Ch. 7 in C. G. Hartman (ed), Conference on Physiological Mechanisms Concerned with Conception. Pergamon, Oxford.

Boving, B. G. 1965. Anatomy of Reproduction. Ch. 1 in J. P. Greenhill, Obstetrics. 13th edition, Saunders, Philadelphia.

Boving, B. G. 1981. Vascular relations of implanting human conceptuses. Anat. Rec, 199, 33A-34A.

Boyd, J. D. 1937. The development of the human carotid body. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 479, Contrib. Embryoi, 26, 1-31-

Boyd, J. D., and Hamilton, W.J. 1966. Electron microscopic observations on the cytotrophoblast contribution to the syncytium in the human placenta.J. Anat., 100, 535-548.

Boyd, J. D., and Hamilton, W.J. 19 0. The Human Placenta. Heffer, Cambridge.

Boyden, E. A. 1940 A volumetric analysis of young human embryos of the 10- and 12-somite stage. Carnegie InstnWash. Publ. 518, Contrib. Embryoi., 28, 157-191. Boyden, E. A. 1955. A Laboratory Atlas of the 13-mm. Pig Embryo. Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, 3rd edition.

Boyden, E. A, Cope, J. G., and Bill, A. H. 1967. Anatomy and embryology of congenital intrinsic obstruction of the duodenum. Amer.]. Surg., 114, 190-202.

Brackett, B. G., Seitz, H. ML, Rocha, G., and Mastroianni, L. 1972. The mammalian fertilization process. In Moghissi, K. S., and Hafez, E. S. E. (ed.). Biology of Mammalian Fertilization and Implantation. Thomas, Springfield, Illinois. Ch. 6 (pp. 165-184).

Bremer, J. L. 1906. Description of a 4-mm. human embryo. Amer. J. Anat., 5, 459-480.

Bremer, J. L. 1914. The earliest blood-vessels in man. Amer. J. Anat, 16, 447-475.

Brewer,J. 1.1937. A normal human ovum in a stage preceding the primitive streak (The Edwards-Jones-Brewer ovum). Amer.]. Anat, 61, 429-481.

Brewer, J. I. 1938. A human embryo in the bilaminar blastodisc stage (The Edwards-Jones-Brewer ovum). Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 496, Contrib. Embryoi., 27, 85-93.

Brewer, J. I., and Fitzgerald, J. E. 1937. Six normal and complete presomite human ova. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynecol, 34, 210-224.

Broman, 1.1896. Beschreibung eines menschlichen Embryos von beinahe 3-mm. Lange. Morphol. Arbeit, 5. Cited by Streeter (1945).

Broman, I. 1936. Ein friihembryonales (etwa 20 Tage altes) menschliches Monstrum. Morphol. Jahrb., 78, 421-444.

Bryce, T. H. 1924. Observations on the early development of the human embryo. Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh, 53, 533— 567.

Bujard, E. 1913-1914. Description d'un embryon humain (Eternod-Delaf), de 20 somites, avec flexion dorsale. Internat Monatschr. Anat. Physiol, 31, 238-266.

Bulmer, M. G. 1970. The Biology of Twinning in Man. Clarendon Press, Oxford.

Burow, W. S. 1928. A human embryo in the first month of embryonic life. MedJ. Irkutsk [In Russian; no illustrations], 6, 71-79. Cited by Heuser and Corner (1957).

Butler, H. and Juurlink, B.H.J. 1987. An Atlas for Staging Mammalian and Chick Embryos. CRC. Boca Raton, Florida.

Buxton, B. H. 1899. Photographs of a series of sections of an early human embryo.J. Anat. Physiol, 33, 381-385.

C

Congdon, E. D. 1922. Transformation of the aortic arch system during the development of the human embryo. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ 277, Contrib. Embryoi, 14, 47-110.

Cooper, M. H., and O'Rahilly, R 1971. The human heart at seven post-ovulatory weeks. Acta anat, 79, 280-299.

Cordier, G., and Coujard, R. 1939. Sur un embryon humain de l- mm.05. Ann. Anat. path., 16, 239-253.

Corner, G. W. 1929. A well-preserved human embryo of 10 somites. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 394, Contrib. Embryol, 20, 81-102.

Corner G. W. 1955. The observed embryology of human single-ovum twins and other multiple births. Amer.J. Obstet. Gynecol, 70, 933-951.

Coste, M. 1849. Histoire generate et particuliere du developpement des corps organises. Paris. Cited by Streeter (1942).

Crowder, R. E. 1957. The development of the adrenal gland in man, with special reference to origin and ultimate location of cell types and evidence in favor of the "cell migration" theory. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 611, Contrib. Embryol, 36, 193-210.

Croxatto, H. B., Diaz, S., Fuentealba, B., Croxatto, H. D., Carrillo, D., and Fabres, C. 1972. Studies on the duration of egg transport in the human oviduct. I. The time interval between ovulation and egg recovery from the uterus in normal women. Fertil. Steril, 23, 447-458.

Cummins, H. 1929. The topographic history of the volar pads (walking pads; Tastballen) in the human embryo. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 394, Contrib. Embryol., 20, 105-126.

D

Dandy, W. E. 1910. A human embryo with seven pairs of somites, measuring about 2-mm. in length. Amer.J. Anat., 10, 85-109.

Daniel, J. C, and Olson, J. D. 1966. Cell movement, proliferation and death in the formation of the embryonic axis oftherabbit.Anat.Rec, 156, 123-127.

Dankmeijer, J., and Wielenga, G. 1968. Observation d'un oeuf humain d'environ dix jours. Bull. Ass. Anat., 53, 793-796.

D'Arrigo, S. 1961. Illustrazione di un embrione umano al principio della terza settimana di sviluppo. Riv. Patol. Clin. Sper., 2, 1-15.

Davies, F. 1944. A previllous human ovum, aged nine to ten days (the Davies-Harding ovum). Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh, 61, 315-326.

Davis, C. L. 1923. Description of a human embryo having twenty paired somites. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 332, Contrib. Embryol., 15, 1-51.

Davis, C. L. 1927. Development of the human heart from its first appearance to the stage found in embryos of twenty paired somites. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ 380, Contrib. Embryol., 19, 245-284.

Daya, S., and Clark, D. A. 1986. Production of immunosuppressor factorts) by preimplantation human embryos. Amer. J. Reprod. Immunol. Microhiol, 11, 98-101.

deBeer, G. 1958. Embryos and Ancestors. 3rd edition, Clarendon Press, Oxford.

Debeyre, A. 1912. Description d'un embryon humain de 0-mm.9. J. Anat. Pbysiol, Paris, 48, 448-515.

Debeyre, A. 1933. Sur la presence de gonocytes chez un embryon humain au stade de la ligne primitive. C. R. Ass. Anat., 28, 240-250.

Dekaban, A. S. 1963. Anencephaly in early human embryos J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol., 22, 533-548.

Dekaban, A. S., and Bartelmez, G.W. 1964. Complete dysraphism in 14 somite human embryo. A contribution to normal and abnormal morphogenesis. Amer.J. Anat., 115, 27-41.

Delmas, A. 1939. Les ebauches pancre'atiques dorsales et ventrales. Leurs rapports dans la constitution du pancreas definitif. Ann. Anat. pathoi, 16, 253-266.

Denes, J., Honti J., and Leb, j. 1967. Dorsal herniation of the gut: a rare manifestation of the split notochord syndrome. J. Pediat. Surg., 2, 359-363.

Denker,H.-W.1983.Basic aspects of ovo implantation. Obstet. Gynecol. Annual, 12, 15-42.

de Vries, P. A. 1981. Evolution of precardiac and splanchnic mesoderm in relationship to the infundibulum and truncus. In Pexieder, T. (ed.). Perspectives in Cardiovascular Research. 5. Mechanisms of Cardiac Morphogenesis and Teratogenesis. Raven, New York.

de Vries, P.A., and Friedland, G.W. 1974. The staged sequential development of the anus and rectum in human embryos and fetuses.J. Pediat. Surg., 9, 755-769-

de Vries, P. A., and Saunders,J. B. de C. H. 1962. Development of the ventricles and spiral outflow tract in the human heart. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 621, Contrib. Embryol., 37,87-114.

Dible, J. H., and West, CM. 1941. A human ovum at the previllous stage.J. Anat., 75, 269-281.

Dickmann, Z., Chewe [Clewe], T. H., Bonney, W. A., and Noyes, R. W. 1965. The human egg in the pronuclear stage. Anat. Rec, 152, 293-302.

Diewert, V. M. 1981. Active contributions of differential craniofacial growth to secondary palate development in man. Anat. Rec, 199, 69A-70A.

Dodds, G. S. 1941. Anterior and posterior rhachischisis. Amer. J. Pathoi, 17, 861-872.

Ddderlein. 1915. Handbucb der Geburtshilfe. Wiesbaden. Cited by Streeter (1942).

Dorland, W.A.N., and Bartelmez, G.W. 1922. Clinical and embryologic report of an extremely early tuhal pregnancy; together with a study of decidual reaction, intra-uterine and ectopic. Amer.J. Obst. Gynecol, 4, 215-227 and 372-386.

Doyle, L L, Lippes, J., Winters, H. S., and Margolls, A.J. 1966. Human ova in the fallopian tube. Amer.J. Obstet. Gynecol, 95, 115-117.


Drumm, J. E., and O'Rahilly, R. 1977. The assessment of prenatal age from the crown-rump length determined ultrasonically. Amer. J. Anat. 148, 555-560.

Dvorak, M., Tesafik, J., Pilka, L, and Travnik, P. 1982. Fine structure of human 2-cell ova fertilized and cleaved in vitro. Fertil. Steril. 37, 661-667.



E

Edwards, R. G. 1972. Fertilization and cleavage in vitro of human ova. In Moghissi, K. S., and Hafez, E. S. E. (ed.). Biology of Mammalian Fertilization and Implantation. Thomas, Springfield, Illinois. Ch. 9 (pp. 263-278).

Edwards, R. G., Bavister, B. D., and Steptoe, P. C. 1969. Early stages of fertilization in vitro of human oocytes matured in vitro. Nature, 221, 632-635.

Edwards, R. G., Donahue, R. P., Baranki, T. A., andjones, H. W. 1966. Preliminary attempts to fertilize human oocytes matured in vitro. Amer.J. Obstet. Gynecoi, 96, 192-200.

Edwards, R. G., and Fowler, R. E. 1970. Human embryos in the laboratory. Sci. Amer., 223, 44-54.

Edwards, R. G., Mettler, L, and Walters, D. E. 1986. Identical twins and in vitro fertilization. J. in vitro Fertiliz. Emb. Transfer, 3, 114-117.

Edwards, R. G., and Steptoe, P. C. (ed.). 1985. Implantation of the Human Embryo. Academic Press, London.

Edwards, R. G., Steptoe, P. C, and Purdy, J. M. 1970. Fertilization and cleavage in vitro of preovulator[y] human oocytes. Nature, 227, 1307-1309.

Elze, C. 1907. Beschreibung eines menschlichen Embryo von zirka 7 mm grosster Lange unter besonderer Beriicksichtigung der Frage nach der Enrwickelung der Extremitatenarterien und nach der morphologischen Bedeutung der lateralen Schilddriisenanlage. Anat. Hefte, 106, 411-492.

Enders, A.C. 1965. Formation of syncytium from cytotrophoblast in the human placenta. Obstet. Gynecoi., 25,378-386.

Enders, A. C. 1976. Cytology of human early implantation. Res. Reprod, 8, 1-4.

Enders, A. C, Hendrickx, A. G., and Schlafke, S. 1983. Implantation in the rhesus monkey: initial penetration of endometrium. Amer.J. Anat., 167, 275-298.

Enders, A. C, and Schlafke, S. 1981. Differentiation of the blastocyst of the rhesus monkey. Amer. J. Anat., 162, 1-21.

Enders. A. C, Schlafke, S., and Hendrickx, A. G. 1986. Differentiation of the embryonic disc, amnion, and yolk sac in the rhesus monkey. Amer. J. Anat., 177, 161-185.

Eternod, A. C. F. 1896. Sur un ceuf humain de 16.3 mm. avec embryon de 2.11 mm, (uterus et annexes). Actes Soc. helvet sci. not., 79, 164-169.

Eternod, A. C. F. 1899a Premiers stades de la circulation sanguine dans 1'oeuf et lembryon humains. Anat. Anz., 15, 181-189.

Eternod, A. C. F. 1899b. II y a un canal notochordal dans 1'embryon humain. Anat. Anz., 16, 131-143.

Eternod, A. C. F. 1909. L’oeufhumain. Georg, Geneva.

Evans, H. M. 1912. The development of the vascular system. In Keibel, F., and Mall, F. P. (ed.). Manual of Human Embryology!. Lippincott, Philadelphia. 2, 570-708.

Evans, H. M., and Bartelmez, G.W. 1917. A human embryo of 7 to 8 somites. Anat. Rec, 2, 355-356.

F

Faber, V. 1940. Beobachtungen an einem etwa 2 Wochen alten menschlichen Ei. Z. mikr.-anat. Forsch., 48,375-386.

Fahrenholz, C. 1927. Ein junges menschliches Abortivei. Z mikr.-anat. Forsch., 8, 250-324.

Felix, W. 1912. The development of the urinogenital organs. In Keibel, F., and Mall, F. P., (ed.). Manual of Human Embryology. Lippincott, Philadelphia. 2, 752-979.

Ferner, H. 1939. Zur Differenzierung der Rumpf-Schwanzknospe beim Menschen. Z mikr.-anat. Forsch., 45, 555-562.

Fetzer, M. 1910. Uber ein durch Operation gewonnenes menschliches Ei, das in seiner Entwickelung etwa dem Petersschen Ei entspricht. Verb. Anat. Ges, Erg. Heft. Anat, Anz., 37, 116-126.

Fetzer, M., and Florian, J. 1929. Der jungste menschliche Embryo (Embryo "Fetzer") mit bereits entwickelter Kloakenmembran. Anat. Anz., 67, 481-492.

Fetzer, M., and Florian, J. 1930. Der Embryo "Fetzer" mit beginnender Axialmesodermbildung und bereits angelegter Kloakenmembran. Z. mikr.-anat. Forsch., 21, 351-461.

Florian, J. 1927. Uber zwei junge menschliche Embryonen. Verb. Anat. Ges., Erg. Heft Anat. Anz., 63, 184-192.

Florian,J. 1928a. Ein junges menschliches Ei in situ (Embryo T. F. mit Primitivstreifen ohne Kopfforsatz). Z mikr.-anat. Forsch, 13, 500-590.

Florian, J. 1928b. Graficka rekonstrukce velmi mladych lidskych zarodku (Graphische Rekonstruktion sehr junger menschlicher Embryonen). Spisy Lekafske Fakulty Masarykovy University v Bm., CSR (Publications de la Faculty de Me'decine, Brno, Repub. Tche'cosl.), 6, 1-64.

Florian, J. 1928c. La gouttiere primitive, le canal de Lieberkuhn et la plaque chordale chez deux embryons humains (Bi II Bi III) avec quatre somites. C. R. Ass. Anat., 23, 154-162.

Florian, J. 1930a. The formation of the connecting stalk and the extension of the amniotic cavity towards the tissue of the connecting stalk in young human embryos. J. Anat., 64, 454-476.

Florian, J. 1930b. Uber den Verlauf der Schnittebene bei einigen bisher beschriebenen jungen menschlichen Embrvonen. Anat. Anz., 71, 54-61.

Florian, J. 1931. "Urkeimzellen" bei einem 625 x langen menschlichen Embryo. Verb, Anat. Ges., Erg. Heft Anat. Anz., 72, 286.

Florian, J. 1933. The early development of man, with special reference to the development of the mesoderm and the cloacal membrane. J. Anat, 67, 263-276.

Florian, J. 1934a. Uber die Existenz von zwei verschiedenen Typen junger menschlicher Embryonen. Biol. Gen., 10, 521-532.

Florian, J. 1934b. Ein Schema der Entwicklung der Axialgebilde des menschlichen Embryos bis in das Stadium von 10 Urwirbelpaaren. Biol. Gen., 10, 533-544.

Florian, J. 1934c. Uber einige bisher unkorrigiert gebliebene fehlerhafte Angaben der junge menschliche Embryonen beschreibenden Arbeiten. Anat. Anz., 78, 445-450.

Florian, J. 1945. Gastrulace a notogenese obratlovcfi, zulast cloveka (La gastrulation et la notogenese des vertebres, surtout der homme). Vestnik Kralovske Ceske Spolecnosti Nauk Tfida Matematicko-Pfirodovedeckd, Ro£nik, 1-26.

Florian J., and Beneke, R. 1931. Neue Befunde am Embryo "Beneke." Verb. Anat. Ges., Erg. HeftAnat. Anz., 71, 229-232.

Florian, J., and Hill, J. P. 1935. An early human embryo (No. 1285, Manchester Collection), with capsular attachment of the connecting stalk. J. Anat,, 69, 399-411.

Florian, J., and Volker, O. 1929. Uber die Entwicklung des Primitivstreifens, der Kloakenmembran und der Allantois beim Menschen. Z. mikr. anai.Forsch., 16,75-100.

Fol, H. 1884. L'anatomie d'un embryon humain d'un peuplus de trois semaines. Rev. med. Suisse rornande, 4,177-201.

Fol., H. 1884. Description d'un embryon humain de cinq millimetres et six dixiemes. Rec. zool. suisse, 1, 357-401.

Forssner, H. 1907. Die angeborenen Darm- und Oesopha- gusatresien. Anat. Hefte, 34, Abt. 1,1-163. Cited by Streeter (1942).

Franchi, L L. 1970. The ovary. In Philipp, E. E., Barnes, J., and Newton, M. (ed.). Scientific Foundations of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Davis, Philadelphia.

Frassi, L. 1908. Weitere Ergebnisse des Studiums eines jungen menschlichen Eies in situ. Arch, mikr.-anat. Entwicklungsgesch., 77, 667-695.

Frazer, J. E. 1923. The nomenclature of disease states caused by certain vestigial structures in the neck. Brit. J. Surg., 11, 131-136.

Frazer, J. E. 1926. The disappearance of the precervical sinus. J. Anat, 61, 132-143

Frazier, C H., and Whitehead, E. 1925. The morphology of the Gasserian ganglion. Brain, 48, 458-4"T5.

Fruhling, I., Ginglinger, A, and Gandar, R 1954 Oeuf humain age de 8 jours. Bull. Fed. Gynecol. Obstet. franc., 6, 110-111.

G

Gage, S. P. 1905. A three weeks' human embryo, with especial reference to the brain and nephric system. Amer. J. Anat., 4, 409-443. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/aja.1000040404/abstract

Gardner, E., and O'Rahilly, R. 1976a, Neural crest, limb development, and Thalidomide embryopathy. Lancet, 1, 635— 637.

Gardner, E., and O'Rahilly, R. 1976b. The nerve supply and conducting system of the human heart at the end of the embryonic period proper.J. Anat, 121, 571-587.

Gasser, R L. 1975. Atlas ofHuman Embryos. Harper & Row, Hagerstown, Maryland.

Gaunt, P. N., and Gaunt, W.A. 1978. Three Dimensional Reconstruction in Biology. Pitman, Tunbridge Wells, Kent.

Gedda, L. 1961. Twins in History and Science. Thomas, Springfield, Illinois.

George, W. C. 1942. A presomite human embryo with chorda canal and prochordal plate. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 541, Contrib. Embryol, 30, 1-7.

Giacomini, C. 1898. Un oeuf humain de 11 jours. Arch. ital. Biol., 29, 1-22.

Giglio-Tos, E. 1902. Sulle cellule germinative del tubo midollare embrionale dell'uomo. Anat. Anz., 20, 472-480. Cited by Streeter (1942).

Gilbert, P. W. 1957. The origin and development of the human extrinsic ocular muscles. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 611, Contrib. Embryol., 36, 59-78.

Gilmour, J. R. 1941. Normal haemopoiesis in intra-uterine and neonatal life.J. Pathol. Bacteriol, 52, 25-55.

Girgis, A. 1926. Description of a Human Embryo of Twenty-two paired Somites. J. Anat, 60, 382-411.

Gitlin, G. 1968. Mode of union of right and left coelomic channels during development of the peritoneal cavity in the human embryo. Acta anat, 71, 45-52.

Gladstone,R.J.,and Hamilton, W.J.1941.A presomite human embryo (Shaw) with primitive streak and chorda canal, with special reference to the development of the vascular system.J. Anat., 76, 9-44.

Goedbloed, J. F. 1960. De vroege ontwikkeling van het middenoor. Thesis, Leiden, pp. 1-116.

Goor, D.A., and Lillehei, C.W. 1975. Congenital Malformations of the Heart. Grune & Stratton, New York.

Greenhill, J P. 1927. A young human ovum in situ. Amer. J. Anat., 40, 315-354.

Gribnau, A. AM., and Geijsberts, L G. M. 1981. Developmental stages in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta). Adv. Anat. Embryol. Cell Bioi, 68, 1-84.

Grosser, O. 1913. Ein menschlicher Embryo mit Chordakanal. Anat. Hefte, 47, 649-686.

Grosser, O. 1922. Zur Kenntnis der Trophoblastschale bei jungen menschlichen Eiern. Z Anat. Entw., 66, 179-198. Grosser, O. 1926. Trophoblastschwache und zottenarme menschliche Eier. Z mikr.-anat. Forsch., 5, 197-220.

Grosser, O. 1931a. Primitivstreifen und Kopffortsatz beim Menschen. Verb. Anat. Ges., Erg. Heft Anat. Anz., 71,135—139.

Grosser. O. 1931b. Der Kopffortsatz des Primitivstreifens beim Menschen. Seine Differenzierung bei dem Embryo Wa 17. Z Anat. Entw., 94, 275-292.

Grosser, O. 1931c. Weiteres uber den Primitivstreifen des Menschen. Verb. Anat. Ges., Erg. Heft Anat. Anz., 72, 42-44.

Grosser, O. 1934. Uber Variability in der menschlichen Embryonalentwicklung. Z Morphol. Antbropol. 34,108-112.

Gruber, G. B. 1926. Zur Frage der neurenterischen Oeffnung bei Friichten mit vollkommener Wirbelspaltung. Z. Anat. Entw., 80, 433-453.

Gruenwald, P. 1941a. Normal and abnormal detachment of body and gut from the blastoderm in the chick embryo, with remarks on the early development of the allantois. J. Morphol., 69, 83-125.

Gruenwald, P. 1941b. Early human twin embryo attached to other twin and not to the chorion. Anat. Rec, 79, Suppl., pp. 27-28.

Gruenwald, P. 1942. Early human twins with peculiar relations to each other and the chorion. Anat. Rec, 83, 267-279.

Guyot, R. 1985. Throne nouvelle sur les ages de la vie. Barr6 & Dayez, Paris (2nd ed.).

H

Haggstrdm, P. 1922. Uber degenerative "parthenogenetische" Teilungen von Eizellen in normalen Ovarien des Menschen. Acta gynecol. scand., 1, 137-168.

Hamilton, W. J. 1946. The first findings of a pronuclear stage in man.J. Anat., 80, 224.

Hamilton, W.J. 1949. Early stages of human development. Ann. Roy. Coll. Surg. Engl.r 4, 281-294.

Hamilton, W.J., Barnes, J., and Dodds, G. H. 1943. Phases of maturation, fertilization and early development in man.J. Obstet. Gynaecol, Brit. Emp., 50, 241-245.

Hamilton, W. J., and Boyd, J. D. 1950. Phases of human development. Ch. 8 in K. Bowes (ed), Modem Trends in Obstetrics and Gynaecology Butterworth, London, pp. 114-137.

Hamilton, W.J., and Boyd, J. D. 1960 Development of the human placenta in the first three months of gestation. J Anat, 94, 29"-328.

Hamilton, W. J., Boyd, J. D., and Misch, K. A. 1967. A very early monozygotic abnormal twin pregnancy. Proc. Roy. Soc. Med, 60, 995-998.

Hamilton, W. J., and Gladstone, R. J. 1942. A presomite human embryo (Shaw): the implantation.J. Anat., 76, 187-203.

Hamlett, G. W. D. 1935. Primordial germ cells in a 4.5 mm. human embryo. Anat. Rec, 61, 273-279.

Heard, O. O. 1957. Methods used by C. H. Heuser in preparing and sectioning early embryos. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 611, Contrib. Embryol, 36, 1-18.

Heine, Dr., and Hofbauer, J. 1911. Beitrag zur friihesten Entwicklung. Z Geburtsh. Gyndkol, 68, 665-688.

Hendrickx,A. G. 1911. Embryology of 'theBaboon. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

Hendrickx, A. G., Houston, M.L, and Kraemer, D. C. 1968. Observations on twin baboon embryos (Papio sp.). Anat. Rec, 160, 181-186.

Hendrickx, A. G., and Sawyer, R. H. 1975. Embryology of the rhesus monkey. In Bourne, G. H. (ed.). The Rhesus Monkey. Academic Press, New York, pp. 141-169.

Harris, J. W. S., and Ramsey, E. M. 1966. The morphology of human uteroplacental vasculature. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 625, Contrib. Embryol., 38, 43-58.

Harrison, R. G., and Jeffcoate, T. N. A. 1953. A presomite human embryo showing an early stage of the primitive streak. J Anat., 87, 124-129-

Harrison, R. G.Jones, C H., and Jones, E. P. 1966. A pathological presomite human embryo.J. Pathol. Bacteriol, 92, 583-584.

Herranz, G, and Vazquez, J. J. Partenog6nesis rudimentaria en el 6vulo humano. Rev. Med. Univ. Navarra, 8,115-120.

Hertig, A. T. 1935. Angiogenesis in the early human chorion and in the primary placenta of the macaque monkey. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 459, Contrib. Embryol., 25, 37-81.

Hertig, A. T. 1968. Human Tropboblast. Thomas, Springfield, Illinois.

Hertig, A. T, Adams, E. C, McKay, D. G., Rock, J., Mulligan, W. J., and Menkin, M. F. 1958. A thirteen-day human ovum studied histochemically. Amer.f. Obstet. Gynecol., 76,1025-1043.

Hertig, A. T., and Rock, J. 1941. Two human ova of the pre-villous stage, having an ovulation age of about eleven and twelve days respectively. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 525, Contrib. Embryol., 29, 127-156.

Hertig, A. T., and Rock, J. 1944. On the development of the early human ovum, with special reference to the trophoblast of the previllous stage: a description of ~I normal and 5 pathologic human ova. Amer. J. Obstet Gynecol, 47, 149-184.

Hertig, A. T., and Rock, J. 1945a. Two human ova of the pre-villous stage, having a developmental age of about seven and nine days respectively. Carnegie Instn, Wash. Publ. 557, Contrib. EmbryoL, 31, 65-84.

Hertig, A. T., and Rock, J. 1945b. On a normal human ovum not over 7.5 days of age. Anat. Rec, 91, 281.

Hertig, A. T., and Rock J. 1945c. On a normal ovum of approximately 9 to 10 days of age. Anat. Rec, 91,281.

Hertig, A. T., and Rock, J. 1949. Two human ova of the pre-villous stage, having a developmental age of about eight and nine days respectively. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 583, Contrib. Embryo!., 33, 169-186.

Hertig, A. T., and Rock, J. 1973. Searching for early fertilized human ova. Gynecol. Invest., 4, 121-139.

Hertig, A. T., Rock, J., and Adams, E. C. 1956. A description of 34 human ova within the first 17 days of development. Amer. J. Anat., 98, 435-493.

Hertig, A. T., Rock, J., Adams, E. C, and Mulligan, W.J. 1954. On the preimplantation stages of the human ovum: a description of four normal and four abnormal specimens ranging from the second to the fifth day of development. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 603, Contrib. EmbryoL, 35, 199-220.

Herzog, M. 1909. A contribution to our knowledge of the earliest known stages of placentation and embryonic development in man. Amer. J. Anat., 9, 361-400,

Hesseldahl, H., andLarsenJ. F. 1969. Ultrastructure of human yolk sac: endoderm, mesenchyme, tubules and mesothelium. Amer. J. Anat., 126, 315-335.

Hesseldahl, H., andLarsenJ. F. 1971. Hemopoiesis and blood vessels in human yolk sac. An electron microscopic study. Acta anat., 78, 274-294.

Heuser, C. H. 1930. A human embryo with 14 pairs of somites. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 414, Contrib. EmbryoL, 22, 135-153.

Heuser, C. H. 1932a. An intrachorionic mesothelial membrane in young stages of the monkey (Macacus rhesus). Anat. Rec, 52, Suppl., 15-16.

Heuser, C. H. 1932b. A presomite human embryo with a definite chorda canal. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 433, Contrib. EmbryoL, 23, 251-267.

Heuser, C. H. 1954. Monozygotic twin human embryos with an estimated ovulation age of 17 days. Anat. Rec, 118, 310.

Heuser, C. H. 1956. A human ovum with an estimated ovulation age of about nine days. Anat. Rec, 124, 459.

Heuser, C H , and Corner, G. W 1957 Developmental horizons in human embryos. Description of age group X, 4 to 12 somites Carnegie Instn Wasfx Publ 611, Contrib Embryol., 36, 29-39.

Heuser, C. H., Rock, J., and Hertig, A. T. 1945. Two human embryos showing early stages of the definitive yolk sac. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 557, Contrib. Embryol., 31, 85-99.

Heuser, C.H., and Streeter, G.L. 1929. Early stages in the development of pig embryos, from the period of initial cleavage to the time of the appearance of limb-buds. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 394, Contrib. EmbryoL, 20, 1-29.

Heuser, C. H., and Streeter, G. L 1941. Development of the macaque embryo. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 525, Contrib. EmbryoL, 29, 15-55.

Hill, J. P. 1932. The developmental history of the Primates. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London B, 221, 45-178.

Hill, J. P., and Florian, J. 1931a. The development of head process and prochordal plate in man. J. Anat., 45, 242-246.

Hill, J. P., and Florian, J. 1931b. A young human embryo (embryo Dobbin) with head-process and prochordal plate. Phil. Tram. Roy. Soc. London B, 219, 443-486.

Hill, J. P., and Florian, J. 1931c. Further note on the pro-chordal plate in man.J. Anat., 46, 46-47.

Hill, J. P., and Florian, J. 1963. The development of the primitive streak, head-process and annular zone in Tarsius, with comparative notes on Loris. Bibliog. Primatol., 2,1-90.

Hill, J. P., and Tribe, M. 1924. The early development of the cat (Felis domestica). Quart. J. Microsc. Sci, 68, 513-602.

Hines, M. 1922. Studies in the growth and differentiation of the telencephalon in man. The fissura hippocampi. J. Comp. NeuroL, 34, 73-171.

Hinrichsen, K. 1985. The early development of morphology and patterns of the face in the human embryo. Adv. Anat. Embryol. Cell BioL, 98, 1-79-

Hiramatsu, K. 1936. Ein junges Menschenei (Ei-And6). Folia anat. jap., 14, 15-45.

Hirschland, L. 1898. Beitrage zur ersten Entwicklung der Mammarorgane beim Menschen. Anat. Hefte, Abt. I, Heft 34, 35 (Vol. II). Cited by Streeter (1945).

His, W. 1880-1885. Anatomie menscblicher Embryonen. Vogel, Leipzig.

Hochstetter, F. 1907. Atlas. Munich. Cited by Streeter (1945). Hochstetter, F. 1919. Beitrage zur Entwicklungsgeschicbte desmenschlichen Gehirns.1.Teil.Deuticke,Vienna.

Hochstetter, F, 1948. EntwickJungsgeschichte der Ohrmuschel und des ausseren Gehdrganges des Menschen. Denkscbr.Akad.Wissensch.WieriMatb.-Naturuiss.Klasse, 108, 1-50.

Holmdahl, D. E. 1934. Neuralleiste und Ganglienleiste beim Menschen.Z.mikr.-anat.Forscb.,36,137-178.

Holmdahl, D. E. 1939. Eine ganz junge (etwa 10 Tage alte) menschliche Embryonalanlage. Upsala Ldkarefor. Forhandl, 45, 363-371.

Holmdahl, D. E, 1943. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Entwicklung des Blutgefasssystems und Blutes beim Menschen. Z mikr. anat. Forsch., 54, 219-296.

Hoyes, A. D. 1969. The human foetal yolk sac. An ultrastructural study of four specimens. Z. Zellforsch., 99, 469-490.

Hughes, E, C. 1958. In Discussion (pp. 1041-1042) of Hertig, A. T., Adams, E. C, McKay, D. G, Rock, J., Mulligan, W.J., and Menkin, M. F. A thirteen-day human ovum studied histochemically. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynecol, 76, 1025-1043.

Hies,, A. 1967. La topographie et la dynamique des zones necrotiques normales chez l'embryon humain. I. Rev. roum. Embryo!. Cytoi, Ser. Embryol, 4, 51-84.

I

Ingalls, N.W. 1907. Beschreibung eines menschlichen Embryos von 4:9 mm. Arch, mikr.-anat. Entw., 70, 506-576.

Ingalls, N. W, 1908. A contribution to the embryology of the liver and vascular system in man. Anat. Rec, 2, 338-344. Cited by Streeter (1945).

Ingalls, N. W. 1918. A human embryo before the appearance of the myotomes. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 227, Contrib. Embryol., 7, 111-134.

Ingalls, N.W. 1920. A human embryo at the beginning of segmentation, with special reference to the vascular system. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 274, Contrib. Embryol, 11, 61-90.

J

Jahnke, V., and Stegner, H.-E. 1964. Ein menschlicher Keim von 15 bis 16 Tagen in situ. Arch. Gynakol., 200, 88-98.

Jankelowitz, A. 1895. Ein junger menschlicher Embryo und die Entwicklung des Pancreas bei demselben. Arch mikr.anat. Entw., 46, 702-708. Cited by Streeter (1945).

JanoSik, J. 1887. Zwei junge menschliche Embryonen. Arch, mikr.-anat. Entw., 30, 559-595.

Jellinger, K., Gross, H., Kaltenback, E. and Grisold, W. 1981. Holoprosencephaly and agenesis of the corpus callosum: frequency of associated malformations. Ada neuropathoi, 55, 1-10.

Jimenez Collado, J., and Ruano Gil, D. 1963. Descripcion de un embrion humano normal de 3 pares de somitos. An. Desarrollo, 11, 151-158.

Jirasek, J. E. 1971. Development of the Genital System and Male Pseudohermaphroditism. Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore.

Jirasek, J. E., Uher J., and Uhrova, M. 1966. Water and nitrogen content of the body of young human embryos. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynecol, 96, 869-8^1.

Johnson, F. P. 1910. The development of the mucous membrane of the oesophagus, stomach and small intestine in the human embryo. Amer. J. Anat., 10, 521-559.

Johnson, F. P. 1917. A human embryo of twenty-four pairs of somites. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 226, Contrib. Embryol, 6, 125-168.

Johnston, J. B. 1909. The morphology of the forebrain vesicle in vertebrates.J. Comp. Neurol., 19, 457-539.

Johnston, T. B. 1940. An early human embryo, with 0.55 mm. long embryonic shield.J. Anat, 75, 1-49.

Johnston, T. B. 1941. The chorion and endometrium of the embryo H.R.1.J. Anat., 75, 153-163.

Johnstone, R. W. 1914. Contribution to the study of the early human ovum based upon the investigation of I. A very early ovum embedded in the uterus and II. A very early ovum in the infundibulum of the tube. J. Obstet. Gynaec. Brit. Emp., 26, 231-276.

Jones, H. O., and Brewer, J. I. 1941. A human embryo in the primitive-streak stage (Jones-Brewer ovum I). Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 525, Contrib. Embryol, 29, 157-165.

Jung, P. 1908. Beitrdge zur fruhesten Ei-Einbettung beim menschlichen Weibe. Karger, Berlin.

K

Kampmeier, C. F. 1929. On the problem of "parthenogenesis" in the mammalian ovary. Amer.]. Anat., 43, 45-76.

Kanagasuntheram, R. 1967. A note on the development of the tubotympanic recess in the human embryo. J. Anat., 101, 731-741.

Keibel, F. 1890. Ein sehr junges menschliches Ei. Arch. Anat. Physiol, Anat. Abth., 250-267.

Keibel, [F.] 1907. Ueber ein junges, operativ gewonnenes menschliches Ei in situ. Verb. Anat. Ges., Erg. Heft Anat. Anz.,30, 111-114.

Keibel, F., and Elze, C. 1908. Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbeltiere. 8. Heft Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des Menschen. Fisher, Jena.

Keibel, F., and Mall, F. P. 1910 and 1912. Manual ofHuman Embryology. Volume 1 and Volume 2, Lippincott, Philadelphia.

Keller, R., and Keller, B. 1954. Implantation eines sehr jungen menschlichen Eise (wahrscheinlich weniger als 13 Tage alt) am Susseren Muttermund. Zbl. Gynakol, 76, 1-4.

Kennedy,J. F., and Donahue, R. P. 1969. Human oocytes: maturation in chemically defined media. Science, 164, 1292-1293.

Khvatov, B. P. 1959. New data on fecundation in man [in Russian]. Arkfo. Anat. Gistol. Embriol, 36, 42-43.

Khvatov, B. P. 1967. Human embryo at the stage of blastodermic vesicle [in Russian]. Arkb. Atiat. Gistol. Embriol., 53, 51-56.

Khvatov, B. P. 1968. Phenomenon of parthenogenesis in atretic follicle of human ovary [in Russian], Arkb. Anat. Gistol. Embriol, 54, 93-96.

Kindred, J. E. 1933. A human embryo of the presomite period from the uterine tube. Amer.J. Anat., 53, 221-241.

Kistner, R. W. 1953. A thirteen-day normal human embryo showing early villous and yolk-sac development. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynecoi, 65, 24-29.

Knorre, A. G. 1956. Cited by Mazanec (1959).

Knoth, M. 1968. Ultrastructure of chorionic villi from a four somite human embryo. J. Ultrastruct. Res., 25, 423-440.

Knoth, M., and Larsen, J. F. 1972. Ultrastructure of a human implantation site. Ada obstet. gynecoi. scand., 51, 385-393.

Koff, A 1933. Development of the vagina in the human fetus. Carnegie Instn. Publ. 443, Contrib. Embryoi, 24, 59-60.

Koga, A. 1971. Morphogenesis of intrahepatic bile ducts of the human fetus. Z. Anat. Entw., 135, 156-184.

Kollmann, J. 1889. Die Korperform menschlicher normaler und pathologischer Embryonen. Arch. Anat. Entw., Anat. Abtb., Suppl. Band, 105-138. Cited by Streeter (1942).

Kollmann, J. 1907. Handatlas der Entwicklungsgeschichte des Menschen, 2 vols., Fischer, Jena.

Krafka, J. 1939. Parthenogenic cleavage in the human ovary. Anat. Rec, 75, 19-21.

Krafka, J. 1941. The Torpin ovum, a presomite human embryo. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 525, Contrib. Embryoi., 29, 167-193.

Krafka, J. 1942. A free human tubal ovum in a late cleavage stage. Anat. Rec, 82, 426.

Kramer, T. C. 1942. The partitioning of the truncus and conus and the formation of the membranous portion of the interventricular septum in the human heart. Amer. J. Anat., 71, 343-370.

Krause, W. 1952. Ein menschliches Ei mit 0,32 mm Keimschildlange in Situ. Z mikr.-anat. Forsch., 59, 29-119.

Kroemer, P. 1903. Wachsmodell eines jungen menschlichen Embryo. Verb, deutsch. Gesellsch. Gyndkol., Wiirzburg, p. 537.

Krukenberg. 1922. Ein junges menschliches Ei.ZW. Gyndkol, 46, 193-194.

Kunitomo, K. 1918. The development and reduction of the tail, and of the caudal end of the spinal cord. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 271, Contrib. Embryoi., 8t 161-198.

L

Laane, H. M. 1974. The nomenclature of the arterial pole of the embryonic heart. Acta morphol. neerl-scand., 12,167-209.

Langemeijer, R. A. T. M. 1976. Le coelome et son revetement comme organoblasteme. Bull. Ass. Anat., 60, 547-558.

Larsen, J. F. 1970. Electron microscopy of nidation in the rabbit and observations on the human tropohoblastic invasion. In Ovo-implantation. Human Gonadotropins and Prolactin. Karger, Basel, pp. 38-51.

Larsen, J. F., and Fuchs, F. 1963. Human embryo with four somites recovered for electron microscopy. Preliminary communication. Dan. Med. Bull, 10, 191-195.

Lassau, J.-P., and Hureau, J. 1967. Remarque sur l'organogenese des voies biliaires de 1'homme. C.R. Ass. Anat., 52, 750-754.

Lee, S. 1971. High incidence of true hermaphroditism in the early human embryo. Biol. Neonate, 18, 418-425.

Lemire, R.J. 1969. Variations in development of the caudal neural tube in human embryos (horizons XIV-XXI). Teratology, 2, 361-369.

Lemire, R. J., Loeser, J. D., Leech, R W., and Alvord, E. C. 1975. Normal and Abnormal Development of the Human Nervous System. Harper & Row, Hagerstown, Maryland.

Lemire, R.J., Shepard, T. H., and Alvord, E.C. 1965. Caudal myeloschisis (lumbo-sacral spina bifida cystica in a five millimeter (horizon XTV) human embryo. Anat. Rec., 152, 9-16.

Lewis, B.V., and Harrison, R.G. 1966. A presomite human embryo showing a yolk-sac duct.J. Anat., 100, 389-396-

Lewis, W. H. 1920. The cartilaginous skull of a human embryo twenty-one millimeters in length. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 272, Contrib. Embryoi, 9, 299-324.

Licata, R. H. 1954. The embryonic heart in the ninth week. Amer.J. Anat., 94, 73-125.

Linzenmeier, G. 1914. Ein junges menschliches Ei in situ. Arch. Gynak., 102, 1-17.

Lipp, W. 1952. Die fruhe Strukturentwicklung des tebetparenchyms beim Menschen, Z mikr.-anat. Forsch., 59,161—186.

Litzenberg, J. C. 1933. A young human ovum <>f the early somite period. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynecoi, 26, 519-529.

Lopata, A, Kohlman, D., andjohnston, 1.1983 The tine structure of normal and abnormal human embryos developed in culture. In Beier, H. M., and Lindner, II. R. (ed ). Fertilization ofthe Human Egg in ritru. Springer, Berlin, pp. 189-210.

Lopata, A, Kohlman, D.J., and Ketlow, G. N. 19K2 The fine structure of human bla.sux.ysts developed in culture, In Burger, M M,, and Weber. R (ed ). Embryonic Iknvkfimerit, Part B Liss, New York, pp ?? -85

Lopata, A., McMaster. R, McBain, J. C, and Juhmton, Vt I H 1 1978 In-vitro fertilization of preovuLsiory human egg Reprod Fertil, 52, 3:W-3-*2.

Lopau, A, Nathanantlun, A H, McBain.j t: Jithr.vvp ^ III,k and Speirs, A. L l »*<> The ultrastructure of the pre-ovullatory human egg fertilized in vitro. Fertil. Steril, 33, 12-20.

Lordy, C. 1931. A human ovum in its early phases of development. Ann. Fac. Med. Sao Paulo, 6, 29-35.

Los, J.-A. 1965. Le cloisonnement du tronc arteriel chez l'embryon humain. Bull, Ass. Anal, 50, 682-686.

Los, J. A. 1978. Cardiac septation and development of the aorta, pulmonary trunk, and pulmonary veins. In Rosenquist, G. C, and Bergsma, D. (ed.). Morphogenesis and Malformation of the Cardiovascular System. Liss, New York, pp. 109-138.

Low, A. 1908. Description of a human embryo of 13-14 mesodermic somites.J. Anat. Physiol., 42, 237-251.

Luckett, W. P. 1971. The origin of extraembyronic mesoderm in the early human and rhesus monkey embryos. Anat. Rec, 169, 369-370.

Luckett, W. P. 1973. Amniogenesis in the early human and rhesus monkey embryos. Anat. Rec, 175, 375.

Luckett, W. P. 1975. The development of primordial and definitive amniotic cavities in early rhesus monkey and human embryos. Amer.f. Anat., 144, 149-167.

Luckett, W. P. 1978. Origin and differentiation of the yolk sac and extraembryonic mesoderm in presomite human and rhesus monkey embryos. Amer. J. Anat, 152, 59-97.

Ludwig, E. 1928. Uber einen operativ gewonnenen menschlichen Embryo mit einem Ursegmente (Embryo Da 1). Morph. faljrb., 59, 41-104.

Ludwig, E. 1929. Embryon humain avec dix paires de somites me"soblastiques. C. R. Ass. Anat., 24, 580-585.

M

M'lntyre, D. 1926. The development of the vascular system in the human embryo prior to the establishment of the heart. Trans, Roy. Soc. Edinburgh, 55, 77-113.

McBride, R E., Moore, G. W., and Hutchins, G. M. 1981. Development of the outflow tract and closure of the interventricular septum in the normal human heart. Amer. f. Anat, 160, 1609-1631.

McClure, C. F. W., and Butler, E. G. 1925. The development of the vena cava inferior in man. Amer. f. Anat., 35, 331— 383.

<pubmed>13238850</pubmed> McKay, D. G., Adams, E. C, Hertig, A. T., and Danziger, S. 1955. Histochemical horizons in human embryos. I, Five millimeter embryo—Streeter horizon XIII. Anat. Rec, 122, 125-151.

<pubmed>13403206</pubmed> McKay, D. G., Adams, E. C, Hertig, A. T, and Danziger, S. 1956. Histochemical horizons in human embryos. II. 6 and 7 millimeter embryos—Streeter horizon XIV. Anat. Rec, 126, 433-463.

Magovern, J. H., Moore. G, W., and Hutchins, G. M. 1986. Development of the atrioventricular valve region in the human embrvo. Anat. Rec, 215, 167-181.

Mall, F. P. 1891. A human embryo twenty-six days old. J. Morph, 5, 459-480.

Mall, F. P. 1897. Development of the human coelom. J. Morphol, 12, 395-453.

Mall, F. P. 1900. A contribution to the study of the pathology of early human embryos, fohns Hopkins Hosp. Rep., 9,1-68.

Mall, F. P. 1907. On measuring human embryos. Anat. Rec, 1, 129-140.

Mall, F. P. 1912. On the development of the human heart. Amer.J. Anat, 13, 249-298.

Mall, F, P. 1913. A plea for an institute of human embryology. J. Amer. Med. Ass., 60, 1599-1601.

Mall, F. P. 1914. On stages in the development of human embryos from 2 to 25 mm. long. Anat. Anz., 46, 78-84.

Mall, F. P. 1916. The human magma reticule in normal and in pathological development. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 224, Contrib. Embryoi, 4, 5-26.

Mall, F. P. 1918. On the age of human embryos. Amer. f. Anat, 23, 397-422.

Mall, F. P., and Meyer, A. W. 1921. Studies on abortuses: a survey of pathologic ova in the Carnegie Embryological Collection. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 275, Contrib. EmbryoL, 12, 1-364.

Mandarim-de-Lacerda, C. A., Le Floch-Prigent, P., and Hureau, J. 1985. Etude du tissu de conduction atrial chez l'embryon humain de 17 mm V-C. Arch. Mai. Coeur, 78, 1504-1509.

Marchetti, A. A. 1945. A pre-villous human ovum accidentally recovered from a curettage specimen. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 557, Contrib. Embryoi., 31, 107-115.

Mari Martinez. 1950. Embri6n humano (Ca) con nueve pares de segmentos primitivos. Contribuci6n al estudio de las primeras fases de la diferenciaci6n somitica en el embri6n humano. Arch, espan. morfol., 8, 225-242.

Martin, C. P., and Falkiner, N. Mel. 1938. The Falkiner ovum. Amer.f. Anat, 63, 251-271.

Martinez Rovira, J. 1953. Estudio de la notocorda ("Chorda dorsalis") en un embri6n humano de nueve pares de somitos. Arch, espan. morfol., 10, 179-191.

Masy, S. 1955. Le systeme nerveux peripherique cranien de l'embryon humain de 9 mm.J. Embryoi. Exp. Morphol, 3, 30-43.

Mazanec, K. 1949. A young human embryo "Pha I" with the headprocess 0.090 mm long. Bull, internat. Acad. tchique Sci, 50, 1-18.

Mazanec, K. 1953. Blastogenesa tlov&ka. Statni Zdravotnicke" Nakladatelsai, Prague.

Mazanec, K. 1959. Blastogenese des Metjschen. Fischer, Jena. Mazanec, K. I960. A young human embryo "HEB-18" with a Hensen's node 0.071 mm long, before the Anlage of a head process. Scripta med., 33, 185-194.

Mazanec, K., and Musilova, M. 1959. A young human pre-somite embryo "HEB-42" with a headprocess 0.250 mm long (preliminary report). Scripta med., 32, 261-270.

Meier, S., and Tarn, P. P. L. 1982. Metameric pattern development in the embryonic axis of the mouse. 1. Differentiation of the cranial segments. Differentiation, 21, 9 5 -108.

Menkin, M. R, and Rock, J. 1948. In vitro fertilization and cleavage of human ovarian eggs. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynecol, 55, 440-452.

Meyer, A. W. 1904. On the structure of the human umbilical vesicle. Amer. J. Anal, 3, 155-166.

Meyer, A. W. 1953. The elusive human allantois in older literature. In Science, Medicine and History. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 510-520.

Meyer, P. 1924. Ein junges menschliches Ei mit 0,4 mm Iangem Embryonalschild. Arch. Gyndk, 122, 38-87.

Moffett, B. C. 1957. The prenatal development of the human temporomandibular joint. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 611, Contrib. Embryol, 36, 19-28.

Mohr, L, and Trounson, A. 1984. In vitro fertilization and embryo growth. In Wood, C, and Trounson, A. (ed.). Clinical in Vitro Fertilization. Springer, Berlin, pp. 99-115.

Moore, G.W., Hutchins, G.M., and O'Rahilly, R. 1981. The estimated age of staged human embryos and early fetuses. Amer.J. Obstet. Gynecol., 139, 500-506.

Mori, T. 1959a. Histochemical studies on the distribution of alkaline phosphatase in the early human embryos. I. Observations on two embryos in early somite stage, Streeter's horizon X. Arch, histol. jap., 16, 169-193.

Mori, T. 1959b. Histochemical studies on the distribution of alkaline phosphatase in early human embryos. II. Observations on an embryo with 13-14 somites. Arch, histol. jap., 18, 197-209.

Mori, T. 1965. Histochemical studies on the distribution of alkaline phosphatase in early human embryos. III. Embryos in Streeter's horizon XII. Okajimas Folia atiat.jap., 40, 765-793.

Morton, W. R. M. 1949. Two early human embryos.J. Anat., 83, 308-314.

Mossman, II. W. 1937. Comparative morphogenesis of the 7 fetal membranes and accessor} uterine structures. Carnegie Instn. WasJx Publ. 479, Contrib. Embryol, 26, 129-246.

Muller, F., and O'Rahilly, R. 1980a. The early development of the nervous system in staged insectivore and primate embryos.J. Cornp. NenroL, 193, 741-751.

Muller, F. and O'Rahillv, R. 1980b, The human chondrocranium at the end of the embryonic period proper, with particular reference to the nervous system. Amer. J. Anat., 159, 33-58.

Muller, F., and O'Rahilly, R. 1983. The first appearance of the major divisions of the human brain at stage 9. Anat. Embryol, 168, 419-432.

Muller, F., and O'Rahilly, R 1984. Cerebral dysraphia (future anencephaly) in a human twin embryo at stage 13. Teratology, 30, 167-177.

Muller, F., and O'Rahilly, R 1985. The first appearance of the neural tube and optic primordium in the human embryo at stage 10. Anat. Embryol, 172, 157-169.

Muller, F., and O'Rahilly, R. 1986a. Wilhelm His und lOOJahre e Embryologie des Menschen. Acta anat., 125, l'b-l >.

Muller, F., and O'Rahilly, R. 1986b. Somitic-vertebral correlation and vertebral levels in the human embryo. Amer. J. Anat, 177, 1-19-

Muller, F., and O'Rahilly, R. 1986c. The development of the human brain and the closure of the rostral neuropore at stage 11. Anat. Embryol, 175, 205-222.

Muller, F., O'Rahilly, R, and Tucker, J. A. 1981. The human larynx at the end of the embryonic period proper. I. The laryngeal and infrahyoid muscles and their innervation. Acta otolaryngoi, 91, 323-336.

Muller, F., O'Rahilly, R, and Tucker, J. A. 1985. The human larynx at the end of the embryonic period proper. 2. The laryngeal cavity and the innervation of its lining. Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol., 94, 607-617.

Muller, S. 1930. Ein jiingstes menschliches Ei. Z. mikr.-anat. Forsch., 20, 175-184.

N

Neill, C. A. 1956. Development of the pulmonary veins, with reference to the embryology of anomalies of pulmonary venous return. Pediatrics, 18, 880-887.

Nery, E. B., Kraus, B. S., and Croup, M. 1970. Timing and topography of early human tooth development. Arch. Oral Biol., 15, 1315-1326.

Nishimura, II., Takano, K., Tanimura, T, and Yasuda, M. 1968. Normal and abnormal development of human embryos. Teratology, 1, 281-290.

Noback, C. R, Paff, G. K, and Poppiti, R. J. 1968. A bilaminar human ovum. Acta. anat., 69, 485-496.

Noyes, R.W, Dickmann, Z, Clewe, T. II., and Bonney, W. A. 1965. Pronuclear ovum from a patient using an intrauterine contraceptive device. Science, 147, 744-745.

O

Odgers, P. N. B. 1930. Some Observations on the Development of the Ventral Pancreas in Man. J. Anat., 65, 1-7.

Odgers, P. N. B. 1937. An early human ovum (Thomson) in situ.J. Anat, 71, 161-168.

Odgers, P. N. B. 1941. A presomite human embryo with a neurenteric canal (embryo R. S.).J. Anat, 75, 381-388.

Okamoto, N., Akimoto, N., Satow, Y., Hidaka, N., and Miyabara, S. 1981. Role of cell death in conal ridges of developing human heart. Perspect. Cardiovasc. Res., 5,127-137.

Olivier, G., and Pineau, H. 1962. Horizons de Streeter et age embryonnaire. Bull. Ass. Anat., 47, 573-576.

O'Rahilly, R. 1963. The early development of the otic vesicle in staged human embryos.J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol, 11, 741-755.

O'Rahilly, R. 1965. The optic, vestibulocochlear, and terminal-vomeronasal neural crest in staged human embryos. In RohenJ. W. (ed.) SecondSymposium on Eye Structure. Schattauer, Stuttgart.

O'Rahilly, R. 1966. The early development of the eye in staged humanembryos.CarnegieInstn.Wash.Publ.625,Contrib. Embryol, 38, 1-42.

O'Rahilly, R. 1968. The development of the epiphysis cerebri and the subcommissural complex in staged human embryos. Anat. Rec, 160, 488-489.

O'Rahilly, R. 1970. The manifestation of the axes of the human embryo. Z. Anat. Entw., 132, 50-57.

O'Rahilly, R. 1971. The timing and sequence of events in human cardiogenesis. Acta anat., 79, 70-75.

O'Rahilly, R. 1973. Developmental Stages in Human Embryos, Including a Survey of the Carnegie Collection. Part A: Embryos of the First Three Weeks (Stages 1 to 9). Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 631. Washington, D.C.

O'Rahilly, R. 1979. Early human development and the chief sources of information on staged human embryos. Europ. J. Obstet. Gynec. Reprod. Biol., 9, 273-280.

O'Rahilly, R. 1983a. The timing and sequence of events in the development of the human endocrine system during the embryonic period proper. Anat. Embryol., 166, 439-451.

O'Rahilly, R. 1983b. The timing and sequence of events in the development of the human eye and ear during the embryonic period proper. Anat. Embryol, 168, 419-432.

O'Rahilly, R., and Boyden, E.A. 1973. The timing and sequence of events in the development of the human respiratory system during the embryonic period proper. Z. Anat. Entw., 141, 237-250.

O'Rahilly, R., and Gardner, E. 1971. The timing and sequence erf events in the development of the human nervous system during the embryonic period proper. Z Anat. Entw., 134, 1-12.

O'Rahilly, R, and Gardner, E. 1972. The initial appearance of ossification in staged human embryos Amer. J. Anat., 7

O'Rahilhy, R., and Gardner, E 19^5 The timing and sequence of events in the development of the limbs in the human embryo. Attat Ernhnvl., 148, 3-23

O'Rahilly, R., and Gardner, E. 1979. The initial development of the human brain. Acta anat, 104, 123-133.

O'Rahilly, R., and Muller, F. 1981. The first appearance of the human nervous system at stage 8. Anat. Embryol, 163, 1-13.

O'Rahilly, R., and Muller, F. 1984a. Embryonic length and cerebral landmarks in staged human embryos. Anat. Rec, 209, 265-271.

O'Rahilly, R., and Muller, F. 1984b. The early development of the hypoglossal nerve and occipital somites in staged human embryos. Amer.J. Anat, 169, 237-257.

O'Rahilly, R., and Muller, F. 1984c. Respiratory and alimentary relations in staged human embryos. New embryological data and congenital anomalies. Ann. Otol Rhinol. Laryngol, 93, 421-429.

O'Rahilly, R., and F. Muller, 1985. The origin of the ectodermal ring in staged human embryos of the first 5 weeks. Acta anat., 122, 145-157.

O'Rahilly, R., and Muller, F. 1986a. Human growth during the embryonic period proper. In Falkner, F., and Tanner, J. M. (ed.). Human Growth. Vol. 1, 2nd ed. Plenum, New York. Ch. 15, pp. 245-253.

O'Rahilly, R., and Muller, F. 1986b. The meninges in human development. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol, 45, 588-608.

O'Rahilly, R., and Muller, F. 1987. Stages in early human development. In Feichtinger, W., and Kemeter, P. (ed.). Future Aspects in Human in vitro Fertilization. Springer, Berlin, in press.

O'Rahilly, R., Muller, F., and Bossy, J. 1982. Atlas des stades du developpement du systeme nerveux chez l'embryon humain intact. Arch. Anat. Histol Embryol, 65, 57-76.

O'Rahilly, R., Muller, F., Hutchins, G. M., and Moore, G. W. 1984. Computer ranking of the sequence of appearance of 100 features of the brain and related struaures in staged human embryos during the first 5 weeks of development. Amer. J. Anat., 171, 243-257.

O'Rahilly, R., Muller, F., and Meyer, D.B. 1980. The human vertebral column at the end ofthe embryonic period proper. 1. The column as a whole.J. Anat., 131, 567-575.

O'Rahilly, R., Muller, F., and Meyer, D. B. 1983. The human vertebral column at the end of the embryonic period proper. 2. The occipitocervical region.J. Anat., 136, 181-195.

O'Rahilly, R., and Tucker, J. A. 1973. The early development of the larynx in staged human embryos. Ann. Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 82, Suppl. 7, 1-27.

Ortmann, R. 1938. Uber die Placenta einer in situ fixierten menschlichen Keimblase aus der 4. Woche. Z. Anat. Entw., 108, 427-458.

Orts Llorca, F. 1934. Beschreibung eines menschlichen Embryo mit 4 Urwirbelpaaren. Z. Anat. Entw., 103, 765-792.

Orts Llorca, F.Jimenez Collado, J., and Ruano Gil, D. I960. La fase plexiforme del desarrollo cardiaco en el hombre. Embriones de 21 ± 1 dia. An. Desarrollo, 8, 79-98.

Orts-Llorca, F,, and Lopez Rodriguez, A. 1957. La curva dorsal en los embriones humanos del periodo somitico. drug. Ginecol. UroL, 11, 1-6.

Orts-Llorca, F., Lopez Rodriguez, A, and Cano Monasterio, A. 1958. Embrion humano de 14 pares de somitos. drug. Ginecol. UroL, 12, 226-232.

Osaka, K., Matsumoto, S., and Tanimura, T. 1978. Myeloschisis in early human embryos. Child's Brain, 4, 347-359.

P

Park, W. W. 1957. The occurrence of sex chromatin in early human and macaque embryos.J. Anat., 91, 369-373.

Patten, B. M. 1961. The normal development of the facial region. In Pruzansky, S. (ed.). Congenital Anomalies of the Face and Associated Structures. Thomas, Springfield, Illinois, pp. 11-45.

Patten, B. M., and Philpott, R. 1921. The shrinkage of embryos in the processes preparatory to sectioning. Anat. Rec, 93, 393-413.

Payne, F. 1925. General description of a 7-somite human embryo. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 361, Contrib. Embryol, 16,115-124.

Pearson, A. A. 1980. The development of the eyelids. Part I. External features. J. Anat., 130, 33-42.

Pearson, A. A, Nishimura, H., Tanimura, T., and Sauter, R. W. 1968. Observations on the development of the external form of the Japanese embryo. Anat. Rec, 160, 489-490.

Penkert. 1910. Uber ein sehr junges Ei in der Tube. Zbl. Gyndk., 34, 345-347.

Pereda, J., and Coppo, M. 1984. Ultrastructure of the cumulus cell mass surrounding a human egg in the pronuclear stage. Anat. Embryol., 170, 107-112.

Pereda, J., and Coppo, M. 1985. Ultrastructure of a two-cell human embryo fertilized in vivo. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Set., 442, 416-419.

Peter, K. 1913. Atlas der Entwicklung der Nose und des Gaumens beim Menschen. Fischer, Jena.

Peters, H. 1899. Uber die Einbettung des menschlichen Eies und dasfruheste bisher bekannte menschliche Placentationsstadium. Deuticke, Leipzig.

Petrov, G. N. 1958. Fertilization and the first cleavage stages in the human ovum outside the organism [in Russian]. Arkh. Anat. Gistol. Embriol, 35, 88-91.

Pexieder, T. 1975. Cell death in the morphogenesis and teratogenesis of the heart. Adv. Anat. Embryol. Cell BioL, 51, 1-100.

Pexieder, T. 1978. Development of the outflow tract of the embryonic hean. In Rosenquist, G. C, and Bergsma, D. (ed). Morphogenesis and Malformation of the Cardiovascular System. Liss, New York, pp. 29-68.

Pexieder, T. 1982. La solution de deux enigmes de Forganogenese du coeur. Bull. Fond, suisse CardioL, 13, 39-50.

Piersol, W. H. 1937. A human embryo of two somites, in situ. Anat. Rec, 67 suppl, 39-40.

American Association of Anatomists, Fifty-Third Annual Session, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, March 25 to 27, 1937

(6) 88. A human embryo of two somites, in situ. W. H. Piersol, Department of Anatomy, University of Toronto.

The embryo measures 2.03 x 0.72 mm. and has been sectioned sagittally. Contact between embryonic and maternal tissue is preserved over a considerable area. although elsewhere there is separation due to shrinkage. Numerous glands form 9. broad stratum spongiosum. Flattened in the stratum compaetum, their middle parts are much dilated; toward the muscularis they are again flattened. Frequently they contain degenerated detritus and occasionally blood. A few glandular remains occur in the peripheral parts of the decidua capsularis. Chorionic villi are longest and most numerous toward the decidua marginalis. Their tips may reach the maternal tissues or a spongy mass of trophoblaet may intervene. Cytotrophoblast predominates, frequently bordered and penetrated by plasmodiotrophoblast. On the chor-ionic wall the trophoblast may show only one layer of nuclei but two layers are the rule. On the villi there are two layers of nuclei, the inner ones frequently belonging to distinct cells. The pericardial cavity is present but contains no heart, nor are their blood vessels in any part of the embryo, the chorion, or its villi. The neurenterie canal is closed but its remains are evident. An endodermal allantois projects into the connecting stalk. Small blood islands are present in the wall of the yolk sac and larger ones in the connecting stalk; the latter are forming endothelium.

Pillet, J. 1966. Reconstruction des organes pelviens d'embryons humains de 12,5 et de 25 mm. Bull. Ass. Anat., 51, 819-827.

Pillet, J. 1968. Reconstruction du pelvis d'un embryon humain de 7,5 mm (stade XVI de Streeter). C.R. Ass. Anat., 52, 1013-1023.

Pinner, B., and Swinyard, C.A. 1969. Histochemical studies of limb development. In Swinyard, C. A. (ed.). Limb Development and Deformity. Thomas, Springfield, Illinois, pp. 56-70.

Piper, H. 1900. Ein menschlicher Embryo von 6.8 mm. Nakkenlinie. Arch. Anat. PhysioL, Anat. Abth. Cited by Streeter (1945).

Politzer, G. 1928a. Uber einen menschlichen Embryo mit 18 Ursegmentpaaren. Z. Anat. Enttv., 87, 674-727.

Politzer, G. 1928b. Uber Zahl, Lage und Beschaffenheit der "Urkeimzellen" eines menschlichen Embryo mit 26-27 Ursegmentpaaren. Z. Anat. Entw., 87, 766-780.

Politzer, G. 1930. Ueber einen menschlichen Embryo mit sieben Urwirbelpaaren. Z. Anat. Entw., 93, 386-428.

Politzer, G. 1933. Die Keimbahn des Menschen. Z. Anat. Entw., 100, 331-361.

Politzer, G. 1936, Die Grenzfurche des Oberkieferfortsatzes und die Tranennasenrinne. Z Anat. Entw., 105, 329-332.

Politzer, G., and Hann, F. 1935. Uber die Entwicklung der branchiogenen Organe beim Menschen. Z. Anat. Entw., 104, 670-708.

Politzer, G., and Sternberg, H. 1930. Ueber die Entwicklung der ventralen Kdrperwand und des Nabelstranges beim Menschen. Z Anat. Entw., 92, 279-376.

Pommerenke, W. T. 1958. A twelfth night ovum. FmtU. Smii,, 9, 400-406.

Potter, E. L. 1965. Development of the human glomerutus. Arch. Pathol, SO, 241-255.

Potter, E. L. 1972. Normal and Abnormal Development of the Kidney. Year Book, Chicago.

Puerta Fonolla, A.J., and Orts Llorca, F. 1978. Origin and development of the septum primum. Ada anat., 100,2$0~ 257.

Puerta FonolM, A.J., and Ribes Blanqucr, R. IT* Primer esbozo del foramen primum en el embrion humunu (embrion Pu, huriJ.onte XIV) Rev tvf) Curdiul, J6, 255~2f?U

Puerta Fontilia. A J . and Ribes Blanquer, R W~"~ Purtiupj eidn de tejido extracardiau) en la embn< >gene.Ms del M»r-azon humano. An. Desarrollo, 21, 19-22,

Rabl,C.1902.TafelnzurEntwicklungsgeschichtederaussern Kdrperform der Wirbeltiere. Leipzig. Cited by Streeter (1945).

Ramsey, E, M. 1937. The Lockyer embryo: an early human embryo in situ. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 479, Contrib. Embryol., 26, 99-120.

Ramsey, E. M. 1938. The Yale embryo. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 496, Contrib. Embryol., 27, 67-84.

Ramsey, E. M. 1975. The Placenta of Laboratory Animals and Man. Holt, Rinehart & Winston.

Ramsey, E. M., and Donner, M.W. 1980. Placental Vasculature and Circulation. Thieme, Stuttgart.

Rewell, R. E., and Harrison, R. G. 1976. A presomite human embryo of Horizon VII. J. Anat., 121, 65-70.

Reynolds, S. R. M. 1954. Developmental changes and future requirements. In The Mammalian Fetus: Physiological Aspects of Development. Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol, 19, 1-2.

Richter, K. M. 1952. A new human embryo having an estimated age of fifteen days. Anat. Rec, 112, 462.

Robertson, G. G., O'Neill, S. L, and Chappell, R. H. 1948. On a normal human embryo of 17 days development. Anat. Rec, 100, 9-28.

Rock, J., and Hertig, A. T. 1941. Two human ova of the previous stage, having an ovulation age of about eleven and twelvedaysrespectively.CarnegieInstn.Wash.Publ.525, Contrib. Embryol., 29, 127-156.

Rock, J., and Hertig, A. T. 1942. Some aspects of early human development. Amer. f. Obstet. Gynecol, 44, 973-983.

Rock, J., and Hertig, A. T. 1944. Information regarding the time of human ovulation derived from a study of 3 unfertilized and 11 fertilized ova. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 47, 343-356.

Rock, J., and Hertig, AT. 1945. Two human ova of the pre-villous stage, having a developmental age of about seven and nine days respectively. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 557, Contrib. Embryol., 31, 65-84.

Rock, J., and Hertig, A. T. 1948. The human conceptus during the first two weeks of gestation. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynecol, 55,6-17.

Rock, J., and Hertig, A. T. 1949. Two human ova of the pre-villous stage, having a developmental age of about 8 and 9 days respectively. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 583, Contrib.'Embryol., 33, 169-186.

Rodriguez-Garcia, S. 1965. Estudio comparative) de dos embriones humanos de 2,5 y 5 mm de longitud, reconstruidos por el metcxio de Born al "plasiico espumoso." Am. Anat. (Zaragozah 14, 3-*l-3"9-

Rosenbauer, K A. 1955 I'ntersuchung eines menschlichen Embrvos mit 24 Somiten, unter besonderer Berucksichtigung des Blutgefasssystems. Z. Anat. Enttv., 118, 236-276.

Rossenbeck, H. 1923. Ein junges menschliches Ei. Ovum humanum Peh. 1-Hochstetter. Z. Anat. Entw., 68, 325-385.

Rossi, R, Pescetto, G., and Reale, E. 1957. Enzymatic activities in human ontogenesis: first synoptic tables of histochemical research.J. Histochem. Cytochem., 5, 221-235.

Rossi, F., and Reale, E. 1957. The somite stage of human development studied with the histochemical reaction for the demonstration of alkaline glycerophosphatase. Acta anat., 30, 656-681.

Ruano Gil, D. 1963. Malformacion diencefalica en un embrion humano de 6 mm. a consecuencia de un transtorno en el mecanismo de cierre del neuroporo anterior. An. Desarrollo, 11, 57-62.

S

Sarrazin, R., Mallard, G., and Charignon, G. 1971. Interet topographique des releve"s de niveaux autorisant une interpretation sagittale de coupes transversales. C.R. Ass. Anat., 54 (No. 146), 610-614.

Sarrazin, R., Mallard, G., and Faure, G. 1971. Les preparatifs de fermeture de la cavite pe"ricardique chez Tembryon du e XV horizon. Bull. Ass. Anat, 54, 615-624.

Sathananthan, A. H., and Trounson, A. 0.1982. Ultrastructure of cortical granule release and zona interaction in monospermic and polyspermic human ova fertilized in vitro. Gamete Res., 6, 225-234.

Sathananthan, A. H., and Trounson, A. O. 1985. The human pronuclear ovum: fine structure of monospermic and polyspermic fertilization in vitro. Gamete Res., 12, 385-398.

Sathananthan, A. K, Trounson, A. O., and Wood, C. 1986. Atlas of Fine Structure of Human Sperm Penetration, Eggs and Embryos Cultured in vitro. Praeger, New York.

Sathananthan, A. H., Wood, C, and Leeton, J. F. 1982. Ultrastructural evaluation of 8-16 cell human embryos cultured in vitro. Micron, 13, 193-203.

Saunders, R. L. de C. H. 1943. Combined anterior and posterior spina bifida in a living neonatal human female. Anat. Rec, 87, 255-278.

Schenck, R. 1954. Beschreibung eines menschlichen Keimlings mit 5 Ursegmentpaaren. Acta anat., 22, 236-271.

Schlafke, S., and Enders, A. C. 1967. Cytological changes during cleavage and blastocyst formation in the rat. J. Anat., 102, 13-32.

Schlagenhaufer, [F.], and Verocay, [F.j 1916. Ein junges menschliches Ei. Arch. Gyndk, 105, 151-168.

Schmitt, H. 1898. Uber die Entwicklung der Milchdruse und die Hyperthelie menschlicher Embryonen. Morpbol. Arb., Jena, «, 236-303.

Schuster, G. 1965. Untersuchungen an einem Embryo von Papio doguera Pucheran (7-Somiten-Stadium) (Mam. Primates, Cercopithecidae). Anat. Ariz., 117, 44"7-475.

Scipiades, E. 1938, Young human ovum detected in uterine scraping. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 496, Contrib. Embryol, 27, 95-105.

Sensenig, E. C. 1949. The early development of the human vertebral column. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 583, Contrib. EmbryoL, 33,21-41.

Severn, C. B. 1968. The morphological development of the hepatic diverticulum in staged human embryos. Anat. Rec, 160, 427.

Severn, C. B. 1971. A morphological study of the development of the human liver. I. Development of the hepatic diverticulum. Amer.J. Anat., 131, 133-158.

Severn, C. B. 1972. A morphological study of the development of the human liver. II. Establishment of liver parenchyma, extrahepatic ducts and associated venous channels. Amer.J. Anat., 133, 85-107.

Shaner, R. F. 1945. A human embryo of two to three pairs of somites. Canad.J. Res., 23, 235-243.

Shaw, W. 1932. Observations on two specimens of early human ova. Brit. Med.J., 1, 411-415.

Shettles, L. B. 1956. A morula stage of human ovum developed in vitro. Clin. Excerpts, 18, 92-93.

Shettles, L. B. 1957. Parthenogenetic cleavage of the human ovum. Bull. Sloane Hosp. Women, 3, 59-61.

Shettles, L. B. 1958. The living human ovum. Ame):J. Obstet. Gynecol, 76, 398-406.

Shettles, L. B. I960. Ovum Humanum. Hafner, New York.

Shikinami, J. 1926. Detailed form of the Wolffian body in human embryos of the first eight weeks. Carnegie histn. Wash. Publ. 363, Contrib. EmbryoL, 18, 46-61.

Silverman, H. 1969. Uber die Entwicklung der Epithelplatten in den Corpuscula renalia der menschlichen Urniere. Ada anat., 74, 36-43.

Smith, D. W. 1970. Recognizable Patterns of Human Malformation. Genetic, Embryologic, and Clinical Aspects. Saunders, Philadelphia.

Soupart, P., and Morgenstern, L L. 1973. Human sperm capacitation and in vitro fertilization. Fertil. Sterii, 24, 462-478.

Soupart, P., and Strong, P. A. 1974. Ultrastructural observations on human oocytes fertilized in vitro. Fertil. Sterii., 25, 11-44.

Springer, M. 1972. Der Canalis neurentericus beim Menschen. 2. Kinderchir., 11, 183-189 and 192-194.

Starck, D. 1956. Die FrCihpha.se der menschlichen Embryonalentwicklung und ihre Bedeutung fur die Beurteilung der Saugerontogenese. Ergeb. Anat Entuicklungsgescb, 35, 133-175.

Steptoe, P. C, Edwards, R. G, and Purely, J. M. 19^1. Human blastocysts grown in culture. Nature, 229, 132-133

Sternberg, H. 1927. Beschreibung eines menschlichen Embryo mit vier Ursegmentpaaren, nebst Bemerkungen iiber die Anlage und friiheste Entwicklung einiger Organe beim Menschen. Z. Anat. Entw., 82, 142-240.

Sternberg, H. 1929. Modell einevS menschlichen Embryo mit 4 Ursegmentpaaren, 2,3 mm gr. L. Anat. Anz., 67, 397-399.

Stewart, H. I. 1952. Duration of pregnancy and postmaturity. J. Amer. Med. Ass., 148, 1079-1083.

Stieve, H. 1926a. Ein 13V2-Tage altes, in der Gebarmutter erhaltenes und durch Eingriff gewonnenes menschliches Ei. Z mikr.-anat. Forsch., 7, 295-402.

Stieve, H. 1926b. Ein menschliches Ei vom Ende der 2. Woche. Verb.Anat.Ges.,Jena.

Stieve, H. 1931. Die Dottersackbildung beim Ei des Menschen. Anat. Anz., 72, 44-56.

Stieve, H. 1936. Ein ganz junges, in der Gebarmutter erhaltenes menschliches Ei (Keimling Werner). Z. mikr.-anat. Forsch., 40, 281-322.

Strahl, H. 1916. Uber einen jungen menschiichen Embryo nebst Bemerkungen zu C. Rabl's Gastrulationstheorie. Anat. Hefte, 54, 113-147.

Strahl, H., and Beneke, R. 1910. Ein junger menschlicber Embryo. Bergmann, Wiesbaden.

Strauss, F. 1945. Gedanken zur Entwicklung des Amnions und des Dottersackes beim Menschen. Rev. Suisse Zool, 52, 213-229.

Streeter, G. L. 1906. On the development of the membranous labyrinth and the acoustic and facial nerves in the human embryo. Amer. J. Anat., 6, 139-165.

Streeter, G. L. 1908a. The nuclei of origin of the cranial nerves in the 10 mm human embryo. Anat. Rec, 2, 111-115.

Streeter, G. L. 1908b. The peripheral nervous system in the human embryo at the end of the first month (10 mm). Amer.J. Anat., 8, 285-301.

Streeter, G. L. 1920a. A human embryo (Mateer) of the pre-somite period. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 272, Contrib. EmbryoL, 9, 389-424.

Streeter, G. L. 1920b. Weight, sitting height, head size, foot length and menstrual age of the human embryo. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 274, Contrib. EmbryoL, 11, 143-170.

Streeter, G. L 1922. Development of the auricle in the human embryo. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 277, Contrib. Embryol, 14, 111-138.

Streeter, G. L. 1926. The "Miller" ovum—the youngest normal human embryo thus far known. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ 363, Contrib. Embryol, 18, 31-48.

Streeter, G. L. 1927a. Development of the mesobiast and notochord in pig embryos. Carnegie Instn Wash. Publ. 380, 7 Contrib Embryol: 19. ??3-92.

Streeter, G. L. 1927b. Archetypes and symbolism. Science, 65, 405-412.

Streeter, G. L. 1937. Origin of the yolk sac in primates. Anat. Rec, 70 suppl, 53-54.

Streeter, G. L 1939a. A new profile reconstruction of the Miller ovum. Anat. Rec, 73 suppl., 75.

Streeter, G. L. 1939b. New reconstruction of the Miller ovum. Carnegie Instn, Wash. Year Book 38, 149.

Streeter, G. L. 1942. Developmental horizons in human embryos. Description of age group XI, 13 to 20 somites, and age group XII, 21 to 29 somites. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 541 Contrib. Embryol., 30, 211-245.

Streeter, G. L. 1945. Developmental horizons in human embryos. Description of age group XIII, embryos about 4 or 5 millimeters long, and age group XTV, period of indentation of the lens vesicle. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 557, Contrib. Embryol, 31, 27-63.

Streeter, G. L. 1948. Developmental horizons in human embryos. Description of age groups XV, XVI, XVII, and XVIII, being the third issue of a survey of the Carnegie Collection. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 575, Contrib. Embryol., 32, 133-203.

Streeter, G. L. 1949. Developmental horizons in human embryos (fourth issue). A review of the histogenesis of cartilage and bone. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 583, Contrib. Embryol., 33, 149-169.

Streeter, G. L. 1951. Developmental horizons in human embryos. Description of age groups XTX, XX, XXI, XXII, and XXIII, being the fifth issue of a survey of the Carnegie Collection (prepared for publication by C. H. Heuser and G. W. Corner). Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 592, Contrib. Embryol., 34, 165-196.

Streiter, A 1951. Ein menschlicher Keimling mit 7 Urwirbelpaaren (Keimling Ludwig). Z mikr.-anat. Forsch., 57, 181-248.

Studnifka, F. K, 1929. Uber den Zusammenhang des Cytoplasmas bei jungen menschlichen Embryonen. Z. mikr. anat. Forsch., 18, 553-656.

Studnic'ka, F. K., and Florian, J. 1928. Les cytodesmes et le mdsostroma chez quelques jeunes embryons humains. C. R. Ass. Anat., 23, 437-443.

Stump, C. W. 1929. A human blastocyst in situ. Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh, 56, 191-202.

SundstrSm, P., Nilsson, O., and Liedholm, P. 1981. Cleavage rate and morphology of early human embryos obtained after artificial fertilization and culture. Acta obstet. gynecol. scand., 60, 109-120.

Szabo, S. P., and O'Day, D. H. 1983 The fusion of sexual nuclei. Biol. Ret., 58, 323-342.

T

Tandler, J. 190??. Ueber einen menschlichen Embryo vom 38. Tage. Anat. Ariz., 31. 49-56.

TeacherJ. H. 1925. On the implantation of the human ovum and the early development of the trophoblast. Z Anat. Entw., 76, 360-385.

Teal, S. I., Moore, G.W., and Hutchins, G.M. 1986. Development of aortic and mitral valve continuity in the human embryonic heart. Amer. J. Anat., 176, 447-460.

Tesarik, J. 1986. From the cellular to the molecular dimension: the actual challenge for human fertilization research. Gamete Res., 13, 47-89.

Tesaffk, J., Kopecny, V., Plachot, M., Mandelbaum, J., DaLage, C, and Fl6chon, J.-E. 1986. Nucleologenesis in the human embryo developing in vitro-, ultrastructural and autoradiographic analysis. Devel. Biol, 115, 193-203.

Thomas, F., and van Campenhout, E. 1953. Etude d'un oeuf humain d'approximativement 17 jours. Decouverte d'autopsie medico-16gale. Ann. med. legale, Paris, 33, 193-199.

Thomas, F., and van Campenhout, E. 1963. Untersuchung eines, bei einer gerichtlichen Sektion nachgewiesenen, etwa 11 Tage alten menschlichen Eies. Deutsche Z. gerichtl. Med., 54, 119-123.

Thompson, P. 1907 and 1908. Description of a Human Embryo of Twenty-three Paired Somites. J. Anat., 41, 159-171, and 42, 170-175.

Thompson, P. 1915. Description of a human embryo, 7 mm. greatest length. Studies in Anatomy. University of Birmingham, pp. 1-50.

Thompson, P., and Brash, J. C. 1923. A human embryo with head-process and commencing archenteric canal. J. Anat., 58, 1-20.

Thyng, F. W. 1914. The anatomy of a 17.8 mm human embryo. Amer.]. Anat, 17, 31-112.

Torrey, T. W. 1954. The early development of the human nephros. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 603, Contrib. Embryol., 35, 175-197.

Treloar, A. E., Behn, G. B., and Cowan, D. W. 1967. Analysis of gestationai interval. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynecol, 99, 34-45.

Treutler, K. 1931 • Ueber das wahre Alter j unger menschlicher Embryonen. Anat. Anz., 71,245-258. Cited by Heuser and Corner (1957).

Triepel, H. 1916. Ein menschlicher Embryo mit Canalis neurentericus. Chordulation. Anat. Hefte, 54, 149-185.

Tucker, J.A., and O'Rahilly, R. 1972. Observations on the embryology of the human larynx. Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol., 81, 520-523.

Turner, C. L. 1920. A wax model of a presomite human embryo, Anat. Rec., 19, 372-412.

V

Van Beneden, E. 1899. Sur la presence, chez l'homme, d'un canal archenterique. Anat. Anz., 15, 349-356.

van den Broek, A.J. P. 1911. Zur Kasuistik junger menschlicher Embryonen. Anal Hefte, I. Abl, 44, 275-304.

van Heukelom, S. 1898. Ueber die menschliche Placentation. Arch. Anal Physiol., Anal Abth., 1-35.

van Oordt, G.J, 1921. Early developmental stages of Manis javanicaDesm.Verb.Konink.Akad.Wetensch.Amsterdam, 21, pp. 102.

Veit, O., and Esch, P. 1922. Untersuchung eines in situ fixierten, operativ gewonnenen menschlichen Eies der vierten Woche. Z Anat. Entw., 63, 343-414.

Vernall, D. G. 1962. The human embryonic heart in the seventh week. Amer. J. Anal, 111, 17-24.

v. Hayek, H. 1931. Ein menschlicher Embryo mit 16 Urwirbeln, 25 Tage alt. Anat. Anz., 71, 194-202.

v. Hayek, H. 1934. Ein menschlicher Embryo vom 40. Tage. Anat. Anz., 78, 315-320.

Vogl, E. 1925. Rudimente des branchialen Coloms bei einem menschlichen Embryo. Z Anal Entw., 77, 226-233.

Volcher, R. 1959. Le systeme nerveux pe'riphe'rique cninien d'un embryon humain de 12 mm. Arch. Biol. (Liege), 70, 179-215.

Volcher, R. 1963. Le systeme nerveux pdripherique d'un embryon humain de 8 mm. Arch. Biol. (Liege), 74, 95-127.

Vollman, R. F. 1977. Tloe Menstrual Cycle. Saunders, Philadelphia.

von Mollendorff, W. 1921a. Uber das jiingste bisher bekannte menschliche Abortivei (Ei Sch.). Ein Beitrag zur Lehre von der Einbettung des menschlichen Eies. Z. Anat. Entwicklungsgesch., 62, 352-405.

von Mollendorff, W. 1921b. Uber einen jungen, operativ gewonnenen menschlichen Keim (Ei OP.). Z Anat Entw., 62, 406-432.

von Mollendorff, W. 1925. Das menschliche Ei WO(lfring). Implantation, Verschluss der Implantationsoffnung und Keimesentwicklung beim Menschen vor Bildung des Primitivstreifens. Z Anat. Entw., 76, 16-42.

von Spee, F. Graf 1887. Ueber einen menschlichen Embryo von 2.69 mm. langstem geraden Durchmesser. Mitth. Vereines Schleswig-Holsteiner Aerzte, part II, No. 8.

von Spee, F. Graf 1896. Neue Beobachtungen uber sehr friihe Entwicklungsstufen des menschlichen Eies. Arch. Anat. Physiol., Anat. Abth., 1-30.

von Spee, F. Graf. 1889. Beobachtungen an einer menschlichen Keimscheibe mit offener Medullarrinne und Canalis neurentericus Arch. Anat. Physiol, Anat. Abth., 159-176.

W

Waldeyer, A. 1929a. Ein junges menschliches Ei in situ [Sch6(nholz)], Z Anal Entw., 90, 412-457

Waldeyer, A. 1929b. Mesodermbildung bei einem jungen menschlichen Embryo. Anat Anz., 35, 145-151.

Wallin,I.E.1913.Ahumanembryoofthirteensomites.Amer. J. Anat, 15, 319-331.

Waterman, R. E., and Meller, S. M. 1974. Alterations in the epithelial surface of human palatal shelves prior to and during fusion: a scanning electron microscopic study. Anat Rec, 180, 111-135.

Waterston, D. 1914. A Human Embryo of Twenty-seven Pairs of Somites. J. Anal Physiol., 49, 90-118.

Watt, J. C. 1915. Description of two young human embryos with 17-19 paired somites. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 222, Contrib. EmbryoL, 2, 5-44.

Way, S., and Dawson, N. 1959. A human ovum in a vaginal smear.J.Obstet.Gynaec.Brit.Emp.,66,491.

Weller, G. L. 1933. Development of the thyroid, parathyroid and thymus glands in man. Carnegie Insm. Wash. Publ. 443, Contrib. EmbryoL, 24, 93-139.

Wells, LJ. 1954. Development of the human diaphragm and pleural sacs. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 603, Contrib. Embryoi, 35, 107-134,

Wells, L. J., and Boyden, E. A. 1954. The development of the bronchopulmonary segments in human embryos of horizons XVII to XIX. Amer.]. Anal, 95, 163-201.

Wells, L J., and Kaiser, I. H. 1959. Two choice human embryos at Streeter's horizons XI and XTV. Obstet. GynecoL, 14, 411-416.

Wen, I. C. 1928. The anatomy of human embryos with seventeen to twenty-three pairs of somites.J. Comp. Neurol, 45, 301-376.

Wenink, A. C. G. 1971. Some details on the final stages of heart septation in the human embryo. Thesis, Luctor et Emergo, Leiden (76 pp).

West, C. M. 1930. Description of a human embryo of eight somites. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 407, Contrib. EmbryoL, 21, 25-35.

West, C. M. 1937. A human embryo of twenty-five somites.J. Anal, 71, 169-201.

West, C. M. 1952. Two presomite human embryos.J. Ofeat Gynaecol. Brit. Emp., 59, 336-351.

Wharton, L. R. 1949. Double ureters and associated renal anomalies in early human embryos. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 583, Contrib. EmbryoL, 33, 103-112.

Wilder, II. H. 1904. Duplicate twins and double monsters. Amer. J. Anat., 3, 387-472.

Wilens, S. (ed). 1969 R. G. Harrison Organization and Development of the Embryo Yale Univ. Press, New Haven, Connecticut.

Willis, R. A. 1942 The Borderland of Embryology and Pathology. , 2nd edition, Butterworths, London.

Wilson, D. B., and Hendrickx, A. G. 1984. Fine structural aspects of the cranial neuroepithelium in early embryos of the rhesus monkey. J., Craniofacial Genet. Develop. Biol, 4, 85-94.

Wilson, J. T. 1914. Observations upon Young Human Embryos. J. Anat, 48, 315-351.

Wilson, K. M. 1926a. Origin and development of the rete ovarii and the rete testis in the human embryo. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 362, Contrib. Embryol, 17, 69-88.

Wilson, K. M. 1926b. Correlation of external genitalia and sex-glands in the human embryo. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 363, Contrib. Embryol., 18, 23-30.

Wilson, K. M. 1945. A normal human ovum of sixteen days development (the Rochester ovum). Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 557, Contrib. Embryol., 31, 101-106.

Wilson, K. M. 1954. A previllous ovum of eleven days development. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynecol, 68, 63-68.

Windle, W. F. 1970. Development of neural elements in human embryos of four to seven weeks gestation. Exp. Neurol, Suppl. 5, 44-83.

Windle, W. F., and Fitzgerald, J. E. 1942. Development of the human mesencephalic trigeminal root and related neurons. J. Comp. Neurol, 77, 597-608.

Witschi, E. 1948. Migration of the germ cells of human embryos from the yolk sac to the primitive gonadal folds. Carnegie Instn. Wash. Publ. 575, Contrib. Embryol., 32, 67-80.

Witschi, E. 1956. Development of Vertebrates. Saunders, Philadelphia.

Wozniak, W., and O'Rahilly, R. 1980. The times of appearance and the developmental sequence of the cranial parasympathetic ganglia in staged human embryos. Anat. Rec, 196, 255A-256A.

Y

Yamauchi, A. 1965. Electron microscopic observations on the development of S—A and A—V nodal tissues in the human embryonic heart. Z. Anat. Entw., 124, 562-587.

Yokoh, Y. 1970. Differentiation of the dorsal mesentery in man. Ada anat., 76, 56-67.

Yokoh, Y. 1971. Early formation of nerve fibers in the human otocyst. Acta anat., 80, 99-106.

Young, M. P., Whicher, J. T., and Potts, D. M. 1968. The ultrastructure of implantation in the golden hamster (Cricetus auratus).J. Embryol. Exp. MorphoL, 19, 341-345.

Z

Zamboni, L. 1971. Fine Morphology of Mammalian Fertilization. Harper & Row, New York.

Zamboni, L, Mishell, D. R., Bell, J. H., and Baca, M. 1966. Fine structure of the human ovum in the pronuclear stage. J. Cell Biol, 30, 579-600.

Zechel, G. 1924. Uber Muskelknospen beim Menschen, ein Beitrag zur Lehre von der Differenzierung des Myotoms. Z. Anat. Entw., 74, 593-607.