2009 Lecture 1
A Course Introduction
Anatomical image of late pregnancy by Wilhelm Braune (1831-1892): Topographisch-anatomischer Atlas : nach Durchschnitten an gefrornen Cadavern, Leipzig: Verlag von Veit & Comp., 1867-1872. (Topographic-anatomical Atlas) Wilhelm Braune (1831-1892)
This first lecture will introduce the course and the subject of Embryology.
Firstly, an introduction to the course, its content and assessment and an opportunity to ask questions.
Secondly, some historic background to the subject and related current Australian trends.
ANAT2341 Course 2009
Links: Course Homepage | UNSW Embryology
History
Long Ago
A series of Anatomies from Early History 1600-1700.
19th Century
1880 - image excerpts from a historic study of German embryologist Wilhelm His (1831-1904) Anatomie menschlicher Embryonen (1880).
Leydig cells named after german zoologist Franz von Leydig (1821 - 1908). (Franz von Leydig)
Evolution Theories | Evolution Darwin
1824 - Rolando cut chemically hardened (fixed) pieces of brain tissues into thin sections for microscopical examination
1889 - Camille Golgi discovered a method of silver staining hardened brain tissues
Early 20th Century
1914 - image excerpts from a historic study of The Anatomy of a 17.8 mm Human Embryo by Thyng, FW 1914,
1918 - links to images from Anatomy of the Human Body by Gray, W 1918
1935 - Hans Spemann's 1935 nobel speech.
Development in the early 20th century can also be seen in some [../Movies/historic.htm Historic Movies 1920-1960].
Late 20th Century
Much of the modern history of Medicine/Embryology is documented in the [#Nobel Nobel Prizes for Medicine]. There are either text extracts included or links to external texts or references in these notes.
Some key women in development [../Child/apgar.htm 1953 Virginia Apgar] and 1965 Le Douarin.
1953 - [../Child/apgar.htm Virginia Apgar] Apgar Test.
1965 - Neural Crest Research Nicole Le Douarin.
1978 - First IVF baby born
21st Century
2000 - Human Genome Draft
2001 talk given by Robert Winston "Engineering Reproduction: Will We Still Be Human At The End of the 21st Century".
2000 - Human Genome Complete
Australian Developmental Abnormalities
Ten most frequently reported birth defects in Victoria between 2003-2004 (More? Australian Statistics - Victoria)
- Hypospadias (More? Genital Abnormalities - Hypospadia)
- Obstructive Defects of the Renal Pelvis (More? Urogenital Abnormalities)
- Ventricular Septal Defect (More? Cardiovascular Abnormalities - Ventricular Septal Defect)
- Congenital Dislocated Hip (More? Musculoskelal Abnormalities - Congenital Dislocation of the Hip (CDH))
- Trisomy 21 or Down syndrome - (More? Abnormal Development - Trisomy 21)
- Hydrocephalus (More? Neural Abnormalities - Hydrocephalus)
- Cleft Palate (More? Head Abnormalities)
- Trisomy 18 or Edward Syndrome - multiple abnormalities of the heart, diaphragm, lungs, kidneys, ureters and palate 86% discontinued (More? Abnormal Development - Trisomy 18)
- Renal Agenesis/Dysgenesis - reduction in neonatal death and stillbirth since 1993 may be due to the more severe cases being identified in utero and being represented amongst the increased proportion of terminations (approximately 31%). (More? Kidney Abnormalities - Renal Agenesis)
- Cleft Lip and Palate - occur with another defect in 33.7% of cases. (More? Head Abnormalities)
Links: Historical Embryology | The History of Childbirth | Classic Papers in Neonatal Medicine | Australian Data
UNSW Embryology Links
Next Lecture
- Dr Mark Hill, 2009 UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G
