User:Z3418981

Lab Attendance

Lab 1 --Z3418981 (talk) 12:45, 6 August 2014 (EST) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed PubMed PMID25084016 <pubmed>25084016</pubmed> Lab 2 --Z3418981 (talk) 12:17, 13 August 2014 (EST)

Individual Assessments

LAB 1 ASSESSMENT

Reference: PMID24726222

<pubmed>24726222</pubmed>

Summary of the Method

In this study, genomic DNA was extracted from the umbilical cord blood of a total of 185 newborn females. Patients included 60 infants conceived by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and 73 infants conceived by in vitro fertilization (IVF) all recruited from a number of IVF centers across Canada. In addition, 52 naturally conceived patients were recruited from hospitals across the Lower Mainland in British Columbia, Canada. A karyotype or comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analysis of the chromosomes was performed for all newborn cases. Cases were not included if congenital and/or chromosome abnormalities were present.

The X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) assay was performed to determine the XCI skewing of different tissues in different parts of the placenta by assaying allelic ratio of methylated alleles at the androgen receptor(AR), fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1), and DXS6673E loci. Fisher's exact test was a statistical method used to compare the frequency of mildly skewed (≥75%) and extremely skewed (≥90%) XCI in the patients. The parental nature of the skewed allele was determined by automated fluorescence analysis which was used to measure the AR alleles of the maternal decidua of the placenta.

Summary of the Results

There was no statistically significant difference between the ICSI, IVF and NC populations in the frequency of skewing ≥75% (7.0% vs. 5.7% vs. 2.0%, respectively; P=.523) or ≥ 90% (0 vs. 1.4% vs. 2.0%, respectively; P=.747). The mean level of skewing between the ICSI, IVF, and ICSI groups also was not significantly different (63.7% vs. 61.8% vs. 60.7%, respectively). Only two samples were found to have extremely skewed cases (≥90% skewing): one IVF (89.6%) and one NC (90.6%). The parental origin of the preferentially inactivated X chromosome in these extremely skewed cases was maternal for IVF and paternal for NC case.

Reference: PMID24399508

<pubmed>24399508</pubmed>

Summary of the Method

All of the pregnancies conceived by in vitro fertilization in Denmark from 1995 to 2005 (n = 18 787) was included in this study using the data reported to the National In Vitro Fertilisation register (IVF register). Information about the pregnancy outcomes as well as cycle-specific information on the type and date of treatment, and the occurrence of pregnancy, abortions and deliveries was also obtained from IVF.

A study published by Virkus et al. on venous thromboembolism in pregnant and puerperal women in Denmark was used as a reference (Virkus et al., 2011). This study was used as a reference since the population used in this study (727 VTE patients among the 805 464 pregnancies recorded in the Danish National Patient Registry from 1995 to 2005) is ideal and comparable to the present study. Consequently, venous thrombosis incidence rates in pregnancies conceived by in vitro fertilization were compared with venous thrombosis incidence rates in reference pregnancies, by calculating incidence rate ratios.

Summary of the Results

The venous thrombosis incidence was significantly increased in pregnancies after in vitro fertilization. The overall ratio of venous thrombosis incidence rate during in vitro fertilization pregnancies to reference pregnancies was 3.0 (95% CI 2.1–4.3). The overall venous thrombosis incidence rate was 28.6 per 10 000 pregnancy-years (95% confidence interval (CI) 20.6–39.6) for pregnancies after in vitro fertilization compared to 10.7 per 10 000 woman-years in reference pregnancies.

Reference used in the "Summary of the Method" section:

<pubmed>21713323</pubmed>

LAB2 ASSESSMENT