User:Z3418698: Difference between revisions

From Embryology
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Lab 7--[[User:Z3418698|Z3418698]] ([[User talk:Z3418698|talk]]) 11:21, 17 September 2014 (EST)
Lab 7--[[User:Z3418698|Z3418698]] ([[User talk:Z3418698|talk]]) 11:21, 17 September 2014 (EST)
Lab 9--[[User:Z3418698|Z3418698]] ([[User talk:Z3418698|talk]]) 12:26, 8 October 2014 (EST)


=Online Assessments=
=Online Assessments=

Revision as of 12:26, 8 October 2014

Welcome to the 2014 Embryology Course!

Links: Timetable | How to work online | One page Wiki Reference Card | Moodle
  • Each week the individual assessment questions will be displayed in the practical class pages and also added here.
  • Copy the assessment items to your own page and provide your answer.
  • Note - Some guest assessments may require completion of a worksheet that will be handed in in class with your student name and ID.
Individual Lab Assessment
  1. Lab 1 Assessment - Fertilization References
  2. Lab 2 Assessment - Uploading a Research Image
  3. Lab 3 Assessment - Researching your Project Sub-Heading
  4. Lab 4 Assessment - Cord Stem Cells
  5. Lab 5 Assessment - Abnormalities
  6. Lab 6 Assessment - Group Work (As announced in the lecture, No individual assessment item for this Lab, but I do expect you to have added content to your Group project by tomorrow's Lab.)
  7. Lab 7 Assessment - Endocrine+Teeth
  8. Lab 8 - Genital
  9. Lab 9 - Peer Assessment
  10. Lab 10 - Sensory Development
  11. Lab 11 - Stem Cells
  12. Lab 12 - Stem Cells Presentation (see preparation information)
Lab 12 - Stem Cell Presentation Assessment More Info
Group Comment Mark (10)
1/8
  • Lots of effort to place article in larger context
  • Slide lay out could be improved: lots of empty space, use larger images and talk through them
  • Results presentation a bit convoluted. Try to finish discussion of each experiment with a clear conclusion.
  • Repetition of information towards the end
  • One presenter had an unprofessional style of presentation
7
2
  • Good well-structured presentation
  • Good introduction
  • Methods discussed separately. Try to avoid this, and incorporate in discussion of experiments. Not sure if technology was understood very well.
7.5
3
  • Good well-structured presentation
  • Do not discuss methods as a separate section
  • Discussion of results not always very clear, comprehension?
7.5
4
  • Good well-structured presentation
  • Lots of text on slides, improve talking through images, blow up images
  • Good discussion
8.5
5
  • Good well-structured presentation, amount of text on slides relatively good.
  • Figures too small, discussion bit convoluted
  • Slightly over time
8.5
6
  • Good comprehension and well-structured presentation.
  • Too much text on slides
  • Experiments discussed in a lot of detail. Try to be more concise and discuss aim of experiment, approach, summarize results, conclude.
  • No talking through figures
8.5
7
  • Good well-structured presentation, great introduction, inclusion of images in presentation done relatively well.
  • Methods discussed separately. Incorporate methods in discussion of the experiments in the results section.
  • Try not to depend too much on text on your slides
  • Talking through results images was not very clear, comprehension?
7.5
More Useful Links
Student Projects
Group 1 Respiratory User:Z3330991 User:Z3332339 User:Z3333429 User:Z3372817
Group 2 Renal User:Z3463310 User:Z3465141 User:Z3465654 User:Z5030311
Group 3 Gastrointestinal User:Z3414515 User:Z3375627 User:Z3415141 User:Z3415242
Group 4 Genital User:Z3415716 User:Z3416697 User:Z3417458 User:Z3417753
Group 5 Integumentary User:Z3417796 User:Z3417843 User:Z3418340 User:Z3418488
Group 6 Endocrine User:Z3418702 User:Z3418837 User:Z3418698 User:Z3414648
Group 7 Neural User:Z3418981 User:Z3419587 User:Z3422484 User:Z3374116
Group 8 Musculoskeletal User:Z3418779 User:Z3418718 User:Z3418989
Student Projects Fetal Development of a specific System.
2014 Course: Week 2 Lecture 1 Lecture 2 Lab 1 | Week 3 Lecture 3 Lecture 4 Lab 2 | Week 4 Lecture 5 Lecture 6 Lab 3 | Week 5 Lecture 7 Lecture 8 Lab 4 | Week 6 Lecture 9 Lecture 10 Lab 5 | Week 7 Lecture 11 Lecture 12 Lab 6 | Week 8 Lecture 13 Lecture 14 Lab 7 | Week 9 Lecture 15 Lecture 16 Lab 8 | Week 10 Lecture 17 Lecture 18 Lab 9 | Week 11 Lecture 19 Lecture 20 Lab 10 | Week 12 Lecture 21 Lecture 22 Lab 11 | Week 13 Lecture 23 Lecture 24 Lab 12
Student Projects - Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Group 4 | Group 5 | Group 6 | Group 7 | Group 8 | Moodle

Lab Attendance

Lab 1--Z3418698 (talk) 14:26, 12 August 2014 (EST)

Lab 2--Z3418698 (talk) 11:14, 13 August 2014 (EST)

Lab 4--Z3418698 (talk) 11:55, 27 August 2014 (EST)

Lab 5--Z3418698 (talk) 11:38, 3 September 2014 (EST)

Lab 6--Z3418698 (talk) 11:21, 10 September 2014 (EST)

Lab 7--Z3418698 (talk) 11:21, 17 September 2014 (EST)

Lab 9--Z3418698 (talk) 12:26, 8 October 2014 (EST)

Online Assessments

Lab 1

Article 1


<pubmed>25100710</pubmed>


Vascular dysfunctions including high blood pressure and vascular remodeling seem to have a higher appearance in children who have been conceived by in-vitro fertilisation (IVF). Numerous tests have shown that IVF children between the ages of 3-13 have higher blood pressures of considerable statistical significance. The research paper aims to investigate any particular trends in the expression of a number of protein compounds in trying to deduce or narrow down a causative agent.

The study focused on children aged 3-13 years with a sample of 704 IVF and an equal number of natural birth as well as ‘control’ children from a similar area in china. Umbilical vessels and cord blood was collected post-caesarean delivery and protein digestion samples were prepared in the lab for analysis. iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation) was used as the primary method to tag a number of proteins which were then identified using the MASCOT search engine and Proteomics tools. Western Blotting Analysis was used to calculate relative ratios of the identified peptides in IVF, natural-birth and control samples and concentrations were compared.


Results showed the expression of forty-seven proteins in the IVF veins that are typically not present in children conceived by natural birth . Further analysis using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was then conducted to examine signaling pathways of the differentially expressed proteins revealing that these proteins played an important role in vascular development and carbon metabolism. A reduction in rate of carbon metabolism is linked to a subsequent decrease in energy supply hence also possibly directly influencing the vascular development. Results also showed a significantly higher concentration of serum estradiol (E2) in cord blood of IVF newborns compared to newborns. Previous studies have shown that a higher concentration of E2 induces alteration of lumican and vimentin mRNA expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells which are involved in the process of vascular modification. The results of the investigation suggest that the abnormal expression of these proteins in umbilical veins may have a potentially causative relationship or at least, be a factor involved in cardiovascular dysfunction and increased blood pressure in IVF children.


Article 2

<pubmed>25100106</pubmed>

The luteal phase during the menstrual cycle has been suggested in a number of studies to significantly improve pregnancy rates in women undergoing IVF. As the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is higher associated with the use of hCG itself, progesterone was used as the treatment choice for the experiment. This study focuses on comparing the efficacy and safety of two different forms administration of progesterone; aqueous subcutaneous progesterone and vaginal progesterone for luteal phase support of in vitro fertilization.


A randomized controlled trial was performed at eight different fertility centres with 800 female participants aged between 18-42 years undergoing IVF treatment. A serum pregnancy test was performed at 15 ± 2 days after oocyte retrieval and, if positive, was repeated 2–3 days later. For patients with a rising β-hCG level, an ultrasound was performed at 6–7 weeks of gestation. After retrieval of at least three oocytes to an aqueous preparation of progesterone administered subcutaneously or vaginal progesterone, if a viable pregnancy occurred, progesterone treatment was continued up to 12 weeks of gestation.The primary efficacy variable was the proportion of patients who had an ongoing viable pregnancy of 10 weeks after the start of progesterone treatment.


Using a per-protocol analysis, which included all patients who received an embryo transfer the result obtained from the experiment was 41.6% for subcutaneous progesterone versus 44.4% for vaginal progesterone whereas live births were 41.1% and 43.1% respectively. Both formulations were well-tolerated however the differences in ratios were not statistically significant to provide any solid evidence for the efficacy of one method of administration of progesterone over another in IVF treatment.


Lab 2

Degenerated mouse embryos.jpeg

Morphology of mouse embryos degenerated by endocrine disruptors in the medium (a) or the coculture (b)[1]

1. <pubmed>3480945</pubmed>


Lab 4

Pineal gland

<pubmed>9852259</pubmed>


M. Hulsemann, 1971, Development of the Innervation in the Human Pineal Organ, Light and Electron Microscopic Investigations, 115: 396-415


<pubmed>16021838</pubmed>


Hypothalamus

<pubmed>11954031</pubmed>


<pubmed>7643957</pubmed>


Y. Koutcherov, J.K, Mai, G. Paxinos Hypothalamus of the human fetus, Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy, 26:4, pp 253–270


Lab 5

Pulmonary surfactant metabolism dysfunctions


Pulmonary surfactant is a mixture of lipids (90%w/w) and protein (10%w/w) that coats the alveolar surface of the lungs and functions to reduce surface tension at the air-liquid interface and is essential for proper inflation and function of the lung. Surfactant is produced by alveolar type II cells, which differentiate during the last third of gestation. The substance is stored intracellularly by surfactant protein B (SP-B) and ATP-binding cassette transporter A3 (ABCA3) in specialized secretory organelles known as lamellar bodies, and is then secreted by exocytosis.

Expression of these proteins and lipids in surfactant is regulated during fetal development and is critical for pulmonary surfactant function at birth. Mutations in the genes encoding the surfactant proteins B and C (SP-C), and the phospholipid transporter, ABCA3, or dysfunction of Type II alveolar cells during the developmental period can significantly affect surfactant metabolism and result in respiratory distress and interstitial lung disease.

SP-B and SP-C have an important role in the adsorption of secreted surfactant phospholipids to the alveolar surface whereas SP-B and ABCA3 are required for the normal organization and packaging of surfactant phospholipids into lamellar bodies. In general, mutations in the SP-B gene (SFTPB) are associated with fatal respiratory distress in the neonatal period. SP-B deficiency is inherited as an autosomal recessive disorder with mutations in the SFTPD gene resulting in the complete absence or loss of function of SP-B, causing acute respiratory distress in full-term infants at birth, which is progressive and usually fatal by 3 to 6 months of age. Mutations in the SP-C gene (SFTPC) are more commonly associated with interstitial lung disease in older infants and are also likely to lead to respiratory. Mutations in the ABCA3 gene are associated with both phenotypes however more commonly in newborns.


<pubmed>2987676</pubmed>


<pubmed>15044640</pubmed>