User:Z3415141

Welcome to the 2014 Embryology Course!

Links: Timetable | How to work online | One page Wiki Reference Card | Moodle

Each week the individual assessment questions will be displayed in the practical class pages and also added here.
Copy the assessment items to your own page and provide your answer.
Note - Some guest assessments may require completion of a worksheet that will be handed in in class with your student name and ID.

Individual Lab Assessment
Lab 1 Assessment - Fertilization References Lab 2 Assessment - Uploading a Research Image Lab 3 Assessment - Researching your Project Sub-Heading Lab 4 Assessment - Cord Stem Cells Lab 5 Assessment - Abnormalities Lab 6 Assessment - Group Work (As announced in the lecture, No individual assessment item for this Lab, but I do expect you to have added content to your Group project by tomorrow's Lab.) Lab 7 Assessment - Endocrine+Teeth Lab 8 - Genital Lab 9 - Peer Assessment Lab 10 - Sensory Development Lab 11 - Stem Cells Lab 12 - Stem Cells Presentation (see preparation information)

Lab 12 - Stem Cell Presentation Assessment		More Info
Group	Comment	Mark (10)
1/8	Lots of effort to place article in larger context Slide lay out could be improved: lots of empty space, use larger images and talk through them Results presentation a bit convoluted. Try to finish discussion of each experiment with a clear conclusion. Repetition of information towards the end One presenter had an unprofessional style of presentation	7
2	Good well-structured presentation Good introduction Methods discussed separately. Try to avoid this, and incorporate in discussion of experiments. Not sure if technology was understood very well.	7.5
3	Good well-structured presentation Do not discuss methods as a separate section Discussion of results not always very clear, comprehension?	7.5
4	Good well-structured presentation Lots of text on slides, improve talking through images, blow up images Good discussion	8.5
5	Good well-structured presentation, amount of text on slides relatively good. Figures too small, discussion bit convoluted Slightly over time	8.5
6	Good comprehension and well-structured presentation. Too much text on slides Experiments discussed in a lot of detail. Try to be more concise and discuss aim of experiment, approach, summarize results, conclude. No talking through figures	8.5
7	Good well-structured presentation, great introduction, inclusion of images in presentation done relatively well. Methods discussed separately. Incorporate methods in discussion of the experiments in the results section. Try not to depend too much on text on your slides Talking through results images was not very clear, comprehension?	7.5

Lab Attendance

Lab 1--Z3415141 (talk) 12:48, 6 August 2014 (EST)

Lab 2--Z3415141 (talk) 11:15, 13 August 2014 (EST)

Lab 3--Z3415141 (talk) 11:13, 20 August 2014 (EST)

Lab 4--Z3415141 (talk) 13:01, 27 August 2014 (EST)

Online Assessment 1

Some women for personal reasons prefer to take subcutaneous progesterone for luteal phase support when undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) in an attempt to avoid some of the side effects of vaginal progesterone. In attempting to work out whether the luteal phase of IVF better supports the ongoing pregnancy rate with the use of either the new aqueous preparation of subcutaneous progesterone or vaginal progesterone 800 random women aged between 18-42 years undergoing IVF received an embryo transfer where 3 oocytes were randomly placed in either a preparation progesterone administered subcutaneously or vaginal progesterone. If a viable pregnancy was to occur, then progesterone treatment continued for up to 12 weeks of the gestation process.

It was found that the pregnancy rate for vaginal progesterone (44.4%) in comparison to subcutaneous progesterone (41.6%) was consistently higher. While luteal phase support has clearly shown to improve pregnancy rates in women in the past this research shows that those women whom chose to go with the subcutaneous progesterone preparations are less likely to have a successful pregnancy than those who go with the traditional vaginal progesterone in supporting the luteal phase of IVF. It is important to note though due to the relatively small sample and dosage sizes of this study and the fairly small difference between the two groups shows that more testing should be completed before the results of this study should be considered fully conclusive.

A women’s worst nightmare is the sign of vaginal bleeding symbolism what may be a miscarriage. This study examined the effects of progesterone supplementation during the luteal phase on the possibility of miscarriage and live birth rate in natural frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FTET) cycles 228 women who underwent FTET cycles over a period between 2009- 2012 were examined.

The women were split up into two groups where one would receive progesterone support during the luteal phase and another that did not receive any progesterone support during the pregnancy. Overall there were no major differences in the women’s characteristics. This included the number of oocytes received, matured and fertilised. However, miscarriage rate was significantly lower in the group that received the progesterone as well as the live birth rate in comparison to those that did not receive any progesterone. The implications of this study loom large for women undergoing FTET cycles as it shows that if the luteal phase is supported with progesterone than the probability of a women’s worst nightmare can be decreased.

Online Assessment 2

Oviduct Ligation

Online Assessment 3

Midgut Formation during the development of the human fetus

1. <pubmed>18606147</pubmed> 2. <pubmed>14745932</pubmed> 3. <pubmed>24414177</pubmed>

Online Assessment 4

1. Identify a paper that uses cord stem cells therapeutically and write a brief (2-3 paragraph) description of the paper's findings.

The neuroprotective mechanisms and effects of implanted cord-derived msenchymal stem cells from a human umbilical cord(hUC-MSCs) were examined in ischemic stroke. An improvement in infarct volume and neurobehavioral function in the hUC-MSCs was discoverewd.

To do so the hUC-MSCs were cultured after they were isolated from the subendothetelial/endothelial layers of the umbilical cord of a human. Twenty days after the of induction of in vitro neuronal differentiation the cultured hUC-MSCs showed morphological features similar to those neurons. However there was no detection of functional neuron type channels.

From the discovery that the morphological differences meant that the cells were now able to produce neurotrophic factors but had not become active neuronal cells it was concluded that this may be related to the neuroprotective effects of hUC-MSCs.

2. There are a number of developmental vascular "shunts" present in the embryo, that are closed postnatally. Identify these shunts and their anatomical location.

Ductus Venosus: Joins the descending aorta and left pulmonary artery.

Ductus Arteriosus: connects the pulmonary artery directly to the ascending aorta.

Foamen Ovale: An opening between the septum of the left and right atria of the heart.