User:Z3370664: Difference between revisions

From Embryology
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Bystin contains 306 amino acids
Bystin contains 306 amino acids
[http://www.pnas.org/content/95/9/5027.full.pdf]
[http://www.pnas.org/content/95/9/5027.full.pdf]




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1. Dermis of the dorsal skin (dermatome)[http://www.embryology.ch/anglais/mmuskel/skelett02.html] is the skin on the back. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK10085/]
1. Dermis of the dorsal skin (dermatome)[http://www.embryology.ch/anglais/mmuskel/skelett02.html] is the skin on the back. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK10085/]
2. Skeletal Muscles (myotome)[http://www.embryology.ch/anglais/mmuskel/skelett02.html] of the ribs cage, limbs, abdominal wall, back and tongue. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK10085/]
2. Skeletal Muscles (myotome)[http://www.embryology.ch/anglais/mmuskel/skelett02.html] of the ribs cage, limbs, abdominal wall, back and tongue. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK10085/]
3. Vertebrae and rib cartilage (sclerotome)[http://www.embryology.ch/anglais/mmuskel/skelett02.html] [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK10085/]
3. Vertebrae and rib cartilage (sclerotome)[http://www.embryology.ch/anglais/mmuskel/skelett02.html] [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK10085/]

Revision as of 22:24, 14 August 2012

Lab Attendance

Lab 1 --Z3370664 11:49, 25 July 2012 (EST)

Lab 2 --Z3370664 10:09, 1 August 2012 (EST)

Lab 3 --Z3370664 10:28, 8 August 2012 (EST)



Lab 1 Online Assessment

Assignment Task 1:

Origin of In Vitro Fertilisation

In the 1890s, Walter Heape researched about reproduction in animals, and tried embryo transplantation in rabbits. This was the first ever reported case of an attempt at in vitro fertilisation. [1]

In 1948, Miriam Menken and John Rock exposed many eggs to a large number of spermatozoa in vitro to test what happens. They published their reports in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

The first successful report of IVF was in 1959, by Chang. Rabbits were the first mammals to give birth by IVF. [2]


In 1973, the first ever pregnancy through IVF was achieved by an experiment conducted by Monash University, but this resulted in a miscarriage. [3]


In 1978, the first ever human birth by IVF occurred in England. [4]


In 1980, the first ever human IVF birth in Australia occurred. [5]


Over the years, more development in IVF technology occurred. [6]


2010 Nobel Prize Winner

Sir Robert Geoffrey Edwards won the Nobel prize in Phsiology or Medicine in 2010 for his development in In Vitro Fertilisation by the successful birth of the first test tube baby, Louise Brown in 1978. [7]

Source: http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2010/press.html


Assignment Task 2:

Recent PubMed article on fertilisation

PubMed reference link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22842703

Full article was redirected to: http://www.nature.com/aja/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/aja201258a.html

Summary of article:

The title of this article is: Sperm counts and sperm sex ratio in male infertility patients. [8] This article was published on 30th of July, 2012.

The investigators of this research had noticed that the number of male births had declined over the years in industrialized nations. The investigators wanted to find out whether males produced less Y chromosome, which is the determining factor in whether a baby will become a boy. In their research, 185 men went through a semen fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The result was analysed to compare the gender ratios (Y chromosome number versus total number of sex chromosomes in each men) The overall sperm ratio of Y versus X for the cohort of men tested was 51.4 : 48.6.

Men with a lower semen volume had a lower proportion of Y chromosomes. The conclusions of the study showed that men who had a lower production of semen, thus had a lower production of Y-chromosome sperms, compared to men who have normal sperm production. However, the researches are unsure whether their results are biased, since many couples who were asked to take part in this research experiment refused to participate. Most of the couples who participated in this experiment are those who failed to have successful IVF. Hence, it is unclear whether the findings of this research would apply to all men in general. Hence, further research needs to be conducted for more reliable results.


Lab 2 Online Assessment

Assignment Task 1:

Gene expression in morula

Gene morula.JPG


Assignment Task 2:

Bystin is a trophinin associated protein, which is believed to be involved with forming cell adhesion between trophoblast and endometrial epithelial cells, and thus plays a role in implanation process of the embryo with the uterus wall. Bystin contains 306 amino acids [9]






Lab 3 Online Assessment

Assignment Task 1:

Gestational age is the period of time that passes since the first day of the mother's last menstrual cycle before she became pregnant. [10]

Post-fertilisational age is the period of time that passes since the sperm fertilizes the egg, up until birth.[11] The foetus grows and develops in the mother's womb during the post-fertilisational age.

Gestational age is most commonly used clinically in describing human development because it is easier to calculate, since the mother normally remembers the day her last periods started, rather than trying to figure out which day the sperm fertilized the egg.


Assignment Task 2:

The three different tupes of tissues formed from somites are the:

1. Dermis of the dorsal skin (dermatome)[12] is the skin on the back. [13]

2. Skeletal Muscles (myotome)[14] of the ribs cage, limbs, abdominal wall, back and tongue. [15]

3. Vertebrae and rib cartilage (sclerotome)[16] [17]