User:Z3332327

From Embryology

Lab 4 Online Assessment

  1. The allantois, identified in the placental cord, is continuous with what anatomical structure?
  2. Identify the 3 vascular shunts, and their location, in the embryonic circulation.
  3. Identify the Group project sub-section that you will be researching. (Add to project page and your individual assessment page)




Lab Attendance

--Z3332327 12:55, 28 July 2011 (EST)

Z3332327 22:25, 3 August 2011 (EST)

--z3332327 11:42, 11 August 2011 (EST)

--Lisa Xiao 12:43, 18 August 2011 (EST)

--z3332327 11:28, 25 August 2011 (EST)

--Lisa Xiao 11:15, 15 September 2011 (EST)

Lab 1 Online Assessment

1. Identify the origin of In Vitro Fertilization and the 2010 nobel prize winner associated with this technique.

An American doctor, John Rock was the first to extract an intact fertilised egg, which is an important technique used to complete IVF today. Robert Edwards was awarded the 2010 nobel prize for his success in replicating conception through IVF.

2. Identify a recent paper on fertilisation and describe its key findings.

Pregnancy after Age 50: Defining Risks for Mother and Child. Kort DH, Gosselin J, Choi JM, Thornton MH, Cleary-Goldman J, Sauer MV. Am J Perinatol. 2011 Aug 1.

In 2011, a study was performed on women over the age of 50 undergoing IVF treatment and its associated risks. The study shows that with increased maternal age, the risks associated with birth defects and maternal complications is greatly increased.

3. Identify 2 congenital anomalies.

Cleft Palate and congenital hip dysplasia

Z3332327 12:51, 4 August 2011 (EST)


Lab 2 Online Assessment

1.Identify the ZP protein that spermatozoa binds and how is this changed (altered) after fertilization.

ZP3 is the only glycoprotein that functions as a sperm receptor. It is known that ZP3 protein, in the zona pellucida, binds sperm and stimulates acrosomal exocytosis, enabling the process of zonal penetration (Clark, GF). In order to prevent polyspermy, it is believed that certain enzymes break down the zona pellucida and hence inactivating the ZP3 glycoprotein.

Clark, G.F. (2011).The molecular basis of mouse sperm-zona pellucida binding: a still unresolved issue in developmental biology. Reproduction.


Z3332327 16:43, 8 August 2011 (EST)

Lab3 Picture

Differentially expressed RefSeq genes in human trisomy 21

Differentially expressed RefSeq genes in human trisomy 21.jpg

Lab 3 Online Assessment

1. What is the maternal dietary requirement for late neural development?

Research has shown that folate is an important dietary requirement for the closure of the neural tube in foetal development. Incomplete or non closure may result in spina bifida (which occurs at the caudal end) or anancephaly (occurs at the cranial end).


2. Upload a picture relating to you group project. Add to both the Group discussion and your online assessment page. Image must be renamed appropriately, citation on "Summary" window with link to original paper and copyright information. As outlined in the Practical class tutorial.

Flow of participants.JPG

File: Flow of Participants

Lab 4 Online Assessment

1. The allantois, identified in the placental cord, is continuous with what anatomical structure?

The allantois extends from the early hindgut and is continuous with the urinary bladder.

2. Identify the 3 vascular shunts, and their location, in the embryonic circulation.

A) The foramen ovale is located between the right and left atria. It closes at birth and forms the anatomical feature: fossa ovalis.

B) The Ductus arteriosus is found between the pulmonery artery and the descending aorta.

C) The Ductus venosus is located between the portal vein, umbilical vein and inferior vena cava.

3.Identify the Group project sub-section that you will be researching.

Diagnosis, future/current prospect (treatments?) + 1 case study


Lab 5 Online Assessment

1. Which side (L/R) is most common for diaphragmatic hernia and why?

Diaphragmatic hernia commonly occurs on the left side as it tends to close later then the right side in development.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002120/


Lab 6 Online Assessment

1. What week of development do the palatal shelves fuse?

2. What animal model helped elucidate the neural crest origin and migration of cells?

3. What abnormality results from neural crest not migrating into the cardiac outflow tract?


Lab 7 Online Assessment

1. Are satellite cells (a) necessary for muscle hypertrophy and (b) generally involved in hypertrophy?

A) No they are not necessary. B) Yes they are generally involved.

2. Why does chronic low frequency stimulation cause a fast to slow fibre type shift?

Chronic low frequency stimulation causes fast muscles to slow their pattern of motor activity and hence alters its contractile characteristics.

3. Write a comment about the online page on Trisomy 21 based upon the group assessment criteria.

  • Introduction is brief and paragraphs do not flow
  • Good use of external links.
  • Appropiate images are used and but arent correctly cited e.g. for the image of 'John Langdon Down'
  • Subheadings are a bit confusing and lack flow. Perhaps the defects could be combined. Meiosis 1 and 2 does not seem like an appropriate heading for that particular section.
  • Contents of the prevalence section would have benefited from a table format and a bit more information about other regions involved.
  • Screening by country looks incomplete with only reference to spain
  • There is no mention of treatment or management
  • Needs more terms added to the glossary
  • References: very extensive and reliable sources used. Shows great understanding and research of the topic
  • The page would benefit from a timeline or a section on the history of trisomy 21

Lab 8 Online Assessment

Peer Assessment

Group 1: Turners Syndrome

  • The introduction is very extensive and provides a good overview to the website. Maybe a bit too much information/detail for the introduction.
  • Headings and Subheadings are appropriate and demonstrate a good understanding of the topic. Information flows from each heading to the next and is quite easy to follow.
  • Perhaps adding a few more terms to the glossary from the epidemiology section such as: ‘gonadoblastoma’.
  • Etiology: good use of glossary, very useful
  • Clinical Manifestations: easy to understand but perhaps consider a table format? And particularly in the physical attribute subheading, this could be improved with an image.
  • The diagnosis section is well balanced in terms of images and text. The tables are a good idea, however could be formatted a bit differently so that the text and images are in proportion – eliminates excessive blank space in the age and phenotypic manifestation column.
  • Research: good layout; may benefit from use of external links or links to the glossary.


Group 2: DiGeorge Syndrome

  • initial browse through the webpage: well balanced use of text, image, colour and table format.
  • introduction: well summarised and good use of image. It is interesting and provides a good overview to the syndrome. Minor adjustment: give one or two examples of symptoms rather than providing a list.
  • Historical background: good use of timeline, and layout.
  • Epidemiology & Etiology: needs to define terms in glossary such as velocardial syndrome.
  • I appreciate the subheadings used in the pathogensis section... it breaks up the mass of information, creates flow and also shows understanding. Needs to define a few terms in glossary such as: hypoplasia, hypoparathyroidism, parturition etc.
  • Diagnostic tests: well set out, I think the use of colour is aesthetically pleasing and adds to the overall presentation of the webpage.
  • Clinical Manifestations: well set out and good use of images. Table could benefit from use of borders, just to clearly separate the rows where the information appears to overlap.
  • Current&Future Research: could benefit from formatting of previous headings. That is, in a table to break up the information, or by using subheadings


Group 3: Klinefelter’s Syndrome

  • overall look: inconsistent formatting, imbalance of text and images in some sections, appropriate headings used.
  • introduction: very broad, maybe too much detail?
  • history is well researched; I really like the timeline at the end which summarises the major advancements. But it is very short and ends in the 1970s. It could include current research/advancements.
  • Epidemiology: could benefit from a few subheadings or breaks in the text.
  • Aetiology: I really like the use of external links.
  • Signs and symptoms: works well in a table format but not sure why some cells are coloured and others are not.
  • Other similar defects: interesting addition to the webpage, allows audience to continue research. Also demonstrates extensive knowledge of the syndrome. Great idea!
  • Minor adjustment: just for convenience, glossary terms could be linked


Group 4: Huntington’s Disease Initial thoughts, was wow! Clearly immense time and effort was put into this! Loved the structure of the headings and sub-headings.

  • Introduction: Top notch, just needs an image to complete it.
  • History: Nice use of the quote box, this section was done very well, except BOLD the years. Personally, I would have liked it more if the timeline itself was in a coloured table, no biggie.
  • Epidemiology: Add “(Australia)” After Tasmania? Or just listing countries would be better? Overall, nicely done.
  • Genetics: “Inheritance” part feels a little too short. Preferred if the image had black text over a white background. Everything else was great!
  • Molecular Mechanisms & Pathogenesis: The space between the purple words and commas could be removed. The purple colour, made me think they were hyperlinks, maybe chose either to bold or colour the words, as having both is a bit much.
  • Clinical Manifestations: The features would look better in a table, in my opinion. I like the image, very nice indeed! Good summary.
  • Diagnostic Tests: Done well, though compared to the rest of the webpage, it looks very insignificant. I suggest adding more information!
  • Video: Fix the formatting please!
  • Treatment: Nice table, informative. The “Tetrabenzine” section, the text needs some formatting, sentences are cut off to the next line for some reason, to be honest Medications and Therapies seem to be most important part, so they should maybe be expanded on?
  • Glossary: Looks good, just a few full stops missing!


Group 5: Fragile X

  • Introduction: Maybe a bit too concise, some of the content that should be in the intro is missing. Maybe this should be redone with references! Also, it doesn’t draw the reader’s attention unfortunately.
  • History: Simple table, but a small explanation regarding the significance of the discoveries would be very helpful.
  • Epidemiology: Nice picture, had to tilt my head a little. The “Screening/Population testing” seems like a whole new section itself. Might have to look into that?
  • Etiology: This section was very well managed.
  • Development: I like the subheadings, maybe an image to help add some visuals, but not required.
  • Signs and Symptoms: This again, was well done, though detailed, the mass text was slightly disorientating, another image perhaps?
  • Diagnosis: Looks incomplete, more info required, probably another sub-heading would do.
  • Treatment: Best section in this webpage. Detailed and neatly laid out.
  • Glossary: Some explanations and a few more words added here would do the trick!
  • Overall: The basic fundamentals are there, some more info here, and a few tweaks there is all that is needed! Keep it up.


Group 6: Tetralogy of Fallot

  • Introduction: well summarised, but paragraphs don’t flow. This section needs referencing and a few terms could be defined in the glossary.
  • History: good use of images to break up text. Maybe consider a timeline just to summarise the section since there is a lot of information here to digest.
  • Signs & Symtoms: I like the use of subheadings – clearly indicates topics discussed. Maybe consider un-bolding the list of mumurs since they are not headings, just to keep the formatting consistent.
  • Genetics: I like the images which are consistent throughout and the use of gene profiles – nice touch.
  • Pathophysiology and abnormalities: well written & formatted section. Referencing?
  • Treatment/Management: The only thing I would suggest is to add borders to the table so that the rows are clearly separated. I like the external links.
  • Perhaps the page needs just a few more images/tables to break up the heavy text. And the glossary should be expanded.