User:Z3292208

Attendance in Labs

--z3292208 23:43, 28 July 2010 (UTC)

--z3292208 23:15, 4 August 2010 (UTC)

--z3292208 22:57, 11 August 2010 (UTC)

--z3292208 23:09, 18 August 2010 (UTC)

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--z3292208 23:19, 1 September 2010 (UTC)

--z3292208 23:06, 15 September 2010 (UTC)

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Peer Assessment

Group 5: Fetal Fibronectin

Group 5, the set out of your page is really good, its broken up into sections and there's lots of point form throughout which makes it really clear and easy to understand, except for current research. What could be improved: More pictures would help break it up and make it more interesting, maybe a picture of the actual procedure would be good. Some more detail could be added to give it a more scientific aspect, and maybe a section on the historic background.

Group Project 6: Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein

Group 6, I think the structure of your page is great, there's enough subheadings to break it into clear sections, but maybe more point form could be used to break it up a little. The information is very detailed so it shows lots of research but its written in a clear enough way to be understandable, and it has a good scientific feel. The student drawn diagrams, especially the one of the analysis process, is great and helps to explain the information really well. What would improve this project: Maybe some more references, and you could also put in a section of the historic background of the procedure with some of the information that's in the introduction.

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Lab 1

Internal Link: Cell Division & Fertilization Lecture

External Link: SMH

Renamed Link: First Stage of Development

Picture

Zygote picture:

Lab 2

Assignment Information

Journal resources for assignment: Public Library of Science | Biomed Central | PNAS | more reference information

Search Pubmed

Search Bookshelf Gastrulation Searches books

Search Pubmed Now: Gastrulation Searches references in articles

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Questions

• What factor do the syncytiotrophoblast cells secrete to support the ongoing pregnancy?

Syncytiotrophoblasts secrete the hormone hcG, human chorionic gonadotrophin, as well as the hormone progesterone. HCG prevents the collapse of the corpus luteum and progesterone maintains the thickened endometrium of the uterine wall. When fertilization does not occur the corpus luteum degenerates as it is not needed, however if fertilization does occur the syncytiotrophoblasts secrete hCG as the corpus luteum is needed to produce progesterone until the growing embryo can produce its own hormones.

• What does the corpus luteum secrete to prevent continuation of the menstrual cycle?

The corpus luteum which is the remnants of the ovulated follicle plays a role in secreting progesterone. Increased progesterone levels are needed during the stages of embryo development as it maintains the endometrium, the lining of the uterus, making sure it stays highly vascularised to supply the growing embryo with nutrients in a placental function. Progesterone also prevents contractions of the uterus to make sure menstrual bleeding does not occur and the embryo does not get secreted from the uterine wall with the secretory layer. The body needs the corpus luteum to produce progesterone until the growing embryo is mature enough to produce its own hormones.

Lab 3

Questions

• What Carnegie stages occur during week 3 and week 4?

During week 3 carnegie stages 7, 8 and 9 occur (days through 15 to 21). During week 4 carnegie stages 10, 11, 12 and 13 (days 22 through to 30).

• What is the change in overall embryo size form the beginning of week 3 to the end of week 4?

The embryo changes from 0.4mm to 3-5 mm from week 3 to 4.

• Approximately when do the cranial (anterior) and caudal (posterior) neuropores close in the human embryo?

The cranial neuropore closes on day 24 and the caudal neuropore closes on day 26.

Lab 4

Questions

• Name the vessels that drain into the sinus venosus?

The vessels that drain into the sinus venosus are the vitelline veins, umbilical veins, and cardinal veins.

• What is the fate of the vitelline artery and vitelline vein?

The vitelline vessels eventually contribute to the portal system of the liver of the adult.

• Name the 4 layers that constitute the placental barrier?

The 4 layers are the amnion, the chorionic plate, the intervillous space and the basal plate.

• What stem cells are found in abundance, and may be harvested from the placenta for therapeutic uses?

Hematopoietic stem cells.

Lab 5

Questions

• What is the origin of the gastrointestinal tract smooth muscle?

Splanchnic mesoderm.

• At what Carnegie stage does the buccopharyngeal membrane begin to break down?

Carnegie stage 11.

• Identify the lung developmental stage in late embryonic to early fetal period.

Embryonic development of the lungs begins in stage 14 (branching of bronchial tree). The development of the functional alveoli begins from stage 22 until late fetal.

• In premature infant birth, which respiratory cell type may not have fully developed?

Alveolar cell type 2 which secrete surfactant.

Lab 7

Questions

• Briefly; what is a myotube and how is it formed?
• What changes would I expect to see in the muscle fibre types in my legs if I:

a) Suffered a spinal cord injury

b) Took up marathon running