Template:Hearing terms: Difference between revisions
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* '''Deiters' cells''' - (outer phalangeal cells) | * '''Deiters' cells''' - (outer phalangeal cells) | ||
* '''discoidin domain receptor 1''' - (DDR1) a tyrosine kinase receptor activated by native collagen, expressed in the basement membrane and with fibrillar collagens. Found in basal cells of the stria vascularis, type III fibrocytes, and cells lining the basilar membrane of the organ of Corti. | * '''discoidin domain receptor 1''' - (DDR1) a tyrosine kinase receptor activated by native collagen, expressed in the basement membrane and with fibrillar collagens. Found in basal cells of the stria vascularis, type III fibrocytes, and cells lining the basilar membrane of the organ of Corti. | ||
* '''ductus utriculosaccularis''' - (More? {{inner ear}}) | * '''ductus utriculosaccularis''' - inner ear structure, a canal from the utricle that joins the ductus endolymphaticus from the saccule posterior wall, and then passes along the aquaductus vestibuli and ends in a blind pouch (saccus endolymphaticus) in the petrous portion of the temporal bone, also in contact with the dura mater. (More? [[:File:Gray0924.jpg|image]] | {{balance}} | {{inner ear}}) | ||
* '''endochondral ossification''' - the process of bone formation from a pre-existing cartilage template. (More? {{middle ear}}) | * '''endochondral ossification''' - the process of bone formation from a pre-existing cartilage template. (More? {{middle ear}}) | ||
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* '''eustachian tube''' - (auditory tube) A cavity linking the pharynx to the middle ear, which develops from the first pharyngeal pouch. Named after Bartolomeo Eustachi (1500 - 1574) an Italian anatomist. (More? {{middle ear}}) | * '''eustachian tube''' - (auditory tube) A cavity linking the pharynx to the middle ear, which develops from the first pharyngeal pouch. Named after Bartolomeo Eustachi (1500 - 1574) an Italian anatomist. (More? {{middle ear}}) | ||
* '''external auditory meatus''' - (ear canal) develops from the first pharyngeal cleft. (More? | * '''external auditory meatus''' - (ear canal) develops from the first pharyngeal cleft. (More? {{Outer ear}}) | ||
* '''ear wax '''- see cerumen. (More? | * '''ear wax '''- see cerumen. (More? {{Outer ear}}) | ||
* '''espins''' - calcium-resistant actin-bundling proteins enriched in hair cell stereocilia and sensory cell microvilli and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) | * '''espins''' - calcium-resistant actin-bundling proteins enriched in hair cell stereocilia and sensory cell microvilli and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) | ||
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* '''fetus''' - (foetus) term used to describe human development after the 8th week (10th clinical week, LPM) and covers the developmental periods of second and third trimester. | * '''fetus''' - (foetus) term used to describe human development after the 8th week (10th clinical week, LPM) and covers the developmental periods of second and third trimester. | ||
* '''fibroblast growth factor 1''' - (Fgf-1) a growth factor released from cochlea sensory epithelium which stimulates spiral ganglion neurite branching. | * '''fibroblast growth factor 1''' - ({{Fgf}}-1) a growth factor released from cochlea sensory epithelium which stimulates spiral ganglion neurite branching. | ||
* '''fibroblast growth factor 8''' - (Fgf-8) a growth factor released by inner hair cells which regulates pillar cell number, position and rate of development. | * '''fibroblast growth factor 8''' - ({{Fgf}}-8) a growth factor released by inner hair cells which regulates pillar cell number, position and rate of development. | ||
* '''fibroblast growth factor receptor 3''' - (Fgfr-3) a tyrosine kinase receptor with a role in the commitment, differentiation and position of pillar cells in the organ of corti | * '''fibroblast growth factor receptor 3''' - (Fgfr-3) a tyrosine kinase receptor with a role in the commitment, differentiation and position of pillar cells in the organ of corti | ||
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* '''helicotrema''' - term used to describe the cochlear apex. (More? {{inner ear}}) | * '''helicotrema''' - term used to describe the cochlear apex. (More? {{inner ear}}) | ||
* '''Hensen’s stripe''' - within the {{cochlea}} tectorial membrane a ridge that runs longitudinally along the lower surface immediately adjacent to the hair bundles of the inner hair cells. | |||
* '''Hes''' - (hairy and enhancer of split) family of factors, which has been shown to be a general negative regulator of neurogenesis (Zheng, 2000). | * '''Hes''' - (hairy and enhancer of split) family of factors, which has been shown to be a general negative regulator of neurogenesis (Zheng, 2000). | ||
* '''hillock''' - a small hill, used to describe the six surface elevations on pharyngeal arch one and two. (More? | * '''hillock''' - a small hill, used to describe the six surface elevations on pharyngeal arch one and two. (More? {{Outer ear}}) | ||
* '''Incus''' - (anvil) auditory ossicle (More? {{middle ear}}) | * '''Incus''' - (anvil) auditory ossicle (More? {{middle ear}}) | ||
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* '''internal auditory meatus''' - (internal acoustic meatus, IAM) Anatomical canal in which CN VII and CN VIII ganglia reside and pass through to the brainstem. This bony canal lies between the posterior surface of the petrous pyramid and the bony labyrinth within the dense petrous bone. Also associated clinically with the site where acoustic neuromas may occur. (More? {{inner ear}}) | * '''internal auditory meatus''' - (internal acoustic meatus, IAM) Anatomical canal in which CN VII and CN VIII ganglia reside and pass through to the brainstem. This bony canal lies between the posterior surface of the petrous pyramid and the bony labyrinth within the dense petrous bone. Also associated clinically with the site where acoustic neuromas may occur. (More? {{inner ear}}) | ||
* '''kimura membrane''' - (Kimura’s membrane) within the {{cochlea}} tectorial membrane a thickening of the lower surface into which the hair bundles of the outer hair cells are imbedded. | |||
* '''kinocilium''' - inner ear hair cell specialised type of cilium on the cell apex. | * '''kinocilium''' - inner ear hair cell specialised type of cilium on the cell apex. | ||
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* '''Kolliker's organ''' - (Kollicker's organ, greater epithelial ridge) Developing cochlear structure consisting of columnar-shaped supporting cells filling the inner sulcus and lying directly under the tectorial membrane. This transient organ regresses and generates the space of the inner sulcus. Rudolph Albert von Kolliker (1817-1905)?? (More? {{inner ear}} | * '''Kolliker's organ''' - (Kollicker's organ, greater epithelial ridge) Developing cochlear structure consisting of columnar-shaped supporting cells filling the inner sulcus and lying directly under the tectorial membrane. This transient organ regresses and generates the space of the inner sulcus. Rudolph Albert von Kolliker (1817-1905)?? (More? {{inner ear}} | ||
* '''lateral semicircular duct''' - (external) (More? [[:File:Gray0924.jpg|image]]) | |||
* '''lateral semicircular duct''' | |||
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* '''olivocochlear''' - brainstem cholinergic and GABAergic efferent system that innervates sensory cells and sensory neurons of the inner ear. | * '''olivocochlear''' - brainstem cholinergic and GABAergic efferent system that innervates sensory cells and sensory neurons of the inner ear. | ||
* '''organ of Corti''' - (More? {{inner ear}}) | * '''organ of Corti''' - (spiral organ) cochlea component required for converting vibration into neural signals. (More? {{inner ear}}) | ||
* '''organ of Corti protein II''' - (OCP-II) cytosolic protein or transcription factor? (More? {{inner ear}}) | * '''organ of Corti protein II''' - (OCP-II) cytosolic protein or transcription factor? (More? {{inner ear}}) | ||
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* '''otolithic membrane''' - extracellular matrix that cover the sensory epithelia of the inner ear. (More? {{inner ear}}) | * '''otolithic membrane''' - extracellular matrix that cover the sensory epithelia of the inner ear. (More? {{inner ear}}) | ||
* '''ossicle''' - (small bone) the individual bone of the three middle ear bones ( | * '''ossicle''' - (small bone, auditory ossicles) the individual bone of the three middle ear bones ({{malleus}}, {{incus}}, {{stapes}}), which reduce vibrational amplitude but increase force to drive fluid-filled inner ear. (More? {{middle ear}}) | ||
*ossify - (More? {{middle ear}}) | * '''ossify''' - to form bone. (More? {{middle ear}} | {{bone}}) | ||
* '''otic capsule''' - | * '''otic capsule''' - | ||
* otic cup - | * '''otitis media''' - {{ICD-11}} {{ICD11weblink}}1079654421] middle ear infection, peak age prevalence is 6 to 18 months old with many children (75%) have at least one episode by school age. Forms include on-suppurative, suppurative, acute otitis media, chronic otitis media. (More? {{hearing abnormalities}}, {{hearing test}}) | ||
* '''otic cup''' - the early embryonic transient structure formed by the invagination (folding inward) of the otic placode, to cup, then vesicle stage. This will eventually form {{inner ear}} structures. | |||
* '''otic placode''' - Embryonic ectodermal epithelium giving rise to inner ear structures. (More? {{inner ear}} | [[Placodes]]) | * '''otic placode''' - Embryonic ectodermal epithelium giving rise to inner ear structures. (More? {{inner ear}} | [[Placodes]]) | ||
* '''otic vesicle''' - (More? {{inner ear}}) | * '''otic vesicle''' - the early embryonic transient structure formed by the invagination (folding inward) and fusion of the otic cup, separating this structure from the embryo surface. This will eventually form {{inner ear}} structures.(More? {{inner ear}}) | ||
* '''otoconin''' - inner ear biominerals required for vestibular apparatus function. (More? {{inner ear}}) | * '''otoconin''' - inner ear biominerals required for vestibular apparatus function. (More? {{inner ear}}) | ||
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* '''otoliths''' - small crystalline bodies of calcium carbonate found within the otolitic membrane of the utricle and saccule. (More? {{inner ear}}) | * '''otoliths''' - small crystalline bodies of calcium carbonate found within the otolitic membrane of the utricle and saccule. (More? {{inner ear}}) | ||
* '''ototoxic''' - compound or drug causing temporary or permanent hearing loss. | * '''ototoxic''' - compound or drug causing temporary or permanent hearing loss. (More? {{hearing abnormalities) | ||
* '''outer hair cells''' - (OHCs) three rows of hair cells that function to increase basilar membrane motion through a local mechanical feedback process within the cochlea, the " cochlear amplifier". | * '''outer hair cells''' - (OHCs) three rows of hair cells that function to increase basilar membrane motion through a local mechanical feedback process within the cochlea, the " cochlear amplifier". | ||
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* '''paratubal musculature''' - muscles lying beside the auditory (Eustachian) tube. The tensor veli, palatini (TVP) and tensor tympani muscles. (More? {{middle ear}}) | * '''paratubal musculature''' - muscles lying beside the auditory (Eustachian) tube. The tensor veli, palatini (TVP) and tensor tympani muscles. (More? {{middle ear}}) | ||
* perilymph - | * '''perilymph''' - the fluid between the membraneous labyrinth of the ear and the bone which encloses it. | ||
* '''pejvakin gene''' - in humans, two missense mutations in this gene cause | * '''perilymphatic space''' - the space between the outer wall of the membranous labyrinth and the wall of the bony labyrinth that contains the perilymph. | ||
* '''periotic capsule''' - | |||
* '''periotic duct''' [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7003276 PMID 7003276] | |||
* petrous portion of temporal bone - | |||
* '''pejvakin gene''' - in humans, two missense mutations in this gene cause non-syndromic recessive deafness (DFNB59) by affecting the function of auditory neurons. | |||
* '''petrotympanic fissure''' - (Glaserian fissure, squamotympanic fissure) the fissure in the temporal bone that runs between the temporomandibular joint to the tympanic cavity. | * '''petrotympanic fissure''' - (Glaserian fissure, squamotympanic fissure) the fissure in the temporal bone that runs between the temporomandibular joint to the tympanic cavity. | ||
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* '''pillar cells''' - (PC) form an inner and outer row of support cells that form a boundary between inner and outer hair cells. (More? {{inner ear}}) | * '''pillar cells''' - (PC) form an inner and outer row of support cells that form a boundary between inner and outer hair cells. (More? {{inner ear}}) | ||
* '''preyer reflex''' - ear flick in mouse in response to sound. | * '''preyer reflex''' - ear flick in {{mouse}} in response to sound. | ||
* presbyacusis | * '''presbyacusis''' - age-related hearing loss, is the cumulative effect of aging on hearing. | ||
* '''prestin''' - a motor protein structurally similar to the anion transporter family expressed in cochlear outer hair cells. (More? {{inner ear}}) | * '''prestin''' - a motor protein structurally similar to the anion transporter family expressed in cochlear outer hair cells. (More? {{inner ear}}) | ||
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* saccular macula - (macula of saccule) thickened anterior part of the saccule containing the saccular filaments of the acoustic nerve. (More? {{balance}}) | * saccular macula - (macula of saccule) thickened anterior part of the saccule containing the saccular filaments of the acoustic nerve. (More? {{balance}}) | ||
* '''Saccule''' - (Latin, sacculus = a small pouch) (More? {{balance}}) | * '''Saccule''' - (Latin, sacculus = a small pouch) sensory cells in the inner ear that translate head movements into neural signals for the brain to interpret. (More? {{balance}}) | ||
* '''sacculocollic reflex''' - | * '''sacculocollic reflex''' - thought to have a role in maintaining the relative position of the head and the body against the vertical linear acceleration of gravity. | ||
* '''scala tympani''' - one of the three cochlea cavities, it is filled with perilymph. | * '''scala tympani''' - one of the three cochlea cavities, it is filled with perilymph. | ||
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* '''stapedius muscle''' - (innervated by CN VII tympanic branch) one of the two muscles in the middle ear, contraction of this muscle pulls the stapes and dampens auditory ossicle movement. (More? {{middle ear}}) | * '''stapedius muscle''' - (innervated by CN VII tympanic branch) one of the two muscles in the middle ear, contraction of this muscle pulls the stapes and dampens auditory ossicle movement. (More? {{middle ear}}) | ||
* '''stapes''' - (stirrup) a middle ear auditory ossicle (bone) (More? {{middle ear}}) | * '''{{stapes}}''' - (stirrup) a middle ear auditory ossicle (bone) (More? {{middle ear}}) | ||
* '''stapes footplate''' - (More? {{middle ear}}) | * '''stapes footplate''' - (More? {{middle ear}}) | ||
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* '''tympanic membrane''' - (ear drum) | * '''tympanic membrane''' - (ear drum) | ||
* '''tympanic ring''' - an incomplete circle, in the concavity of which is a groove, the tympanic sulcus, for the attachment of the circumference of the tympanic membrane. In the newborn the ring is still open and expands laterally to form the tympanic part of temporal bone. | |||
* utricle - | * utricle - |
Latest revision as of 06:07, 30 July 2019
Hearing Terms | ||
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Hearing and Balance Development
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