Template:Head terms

Head Terms (expand to view)

acephaly - term meaning absence of head, see skull and head abnormalities. branchial arch - see pharyngeal arch. brachycephaly - term meaning premature fusion of coronal suture, see skull and head abnormalities. clefting - the way in which the upper jaw forms from fusion of the smaller upper prominence of the first pharyngeal arch leads to a common congenital defect in this region called "clefting", which may involve either the upper lip, the palate or both structures, see palate and head abnormalities. cysts - refers to a cervical sinus abnormality, remants of the cervical sinus remains as a fluid-filled cyst lined by an epithelium, see pharyngeal arch and head abnormalities. dolichocephaly - see scaphocephaly. exencephaly - term meaning brain outside skull, see skull and head abnormalities. fistula - refers to a pharyngeal membrane abnormality, a tract extends from pharynx (tonsillar fossa) beween the carotid arteries (internal and external) to open on side of neck, see pharyngeal arch and head abnormalities. lambdoid suture (lambdoidal suture) skull term for the fibrous connective tissue joint that connects the parietal bones with the occipital bone, and is continuous with the occipitomastoid suture. macrocephaly - term meaning large head, see hydrocephalus, skull and head abnormalities. Meckel's cartilage - (pharyngeal arch 1 cartilage) The mandible forms by intramembranous ossification beside this transient cartilage. The middle ear malleus and incus are thought to form from the ends of this cartilage. micrencephaly - term meaning small brain, see neural, skull and head abnormalities. otocephaly - term meaning absence of lower jaw, see skull and head abnormalities. oxycephaly - (turricephaly) term meaning premature fusion of coronal suture + others, see skull and head abnormalities. pharyngeal arch - (branchial arch) a structure that forms in the cranial region of the embryo having contributions from all germ layers. In humans, the arches appear in week 4 (GA week 6) in a rostra-caudal sequence and are numbered (1, 2, 3, 4, and 6). Each arch contributes a different part of the head and neck and the associated components. pharyngeal cleft - (groove) surface ectoderm that externally separates each pharyngeal arch. In humans, only first pair persist as the outer ear external auditory meatus. pharyngeal groove - see pharyngeal cleft. pharyngeal membrane - surface ectoderm and pharynx endoderm contact region lying between each pharyngeal arch. In humans, only the first membrane pair persist as the tympanic membrane. pharyngeal pouch - pharynx endoderm internal out-pocketing that separates each pharyngeal arch. plagiocephaly - term meaning premature unilateral fusion of coronal or lambdoid sutures, see skull and head abnormalities. Reichardt's cartilage - (pharyngeal arch 2 cartilage) The superior portion of the hyoid forms the ventral portion of this cartilage and the middle ear stapes is thought to form from the ends of this cartilage. scaphocephaly - (dolichocephaly) term meaning premature fusion of sagittal suture, see skull and head abnormalities. sinuses - refers to a pharyngeal groove (cleft) abnormality, when a portion of the pharyngeal groove persists and opens to the skin surface, located laterally on the neck, see pharyngeal arch and head abnormalities. suture - skull term for a fibrous connective tissue joint. In humans, the main sutures are coronal, sagittal, lambdoid and squamosal sutures, with the metopic suture (frontal suture) occurring as an anatomical variant in the adult skull. trigonocephaly - term meaning premature fusion of metopic suture, see skull and head abnormalities. turricephaly - see oxycephaly. vestiges - refers to a cartilaginous or bony developmental remnants that lie under the skin on side of neck, see pharyngeal arch and head abnormalities.