Template:BGDB - Endocrine Development Interactive: Difference between revisions
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Here are a few simple Quiz questions that relate to Endocrine | Here are a few simple Quiz questions that relate to Endocrine development and abnormalities from the lecture. Some questions may require some additional research. | ||
<quiz display=simple> | <quiz display=simple> | ||
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|type="()"} | |type="()"} | ||
- neurohypophysis | - neurohypophysis | ||
|| Incorrect! The {{neurohypophysis}} ({{posterior pituitary}}) originates from neural ectoderm. | |||
+ adenohypophysis | + adenohypophysis | ||
|| Correct | || Correct! The {{adenohypophysis}} ({{anterior pituitary}}) originates from a midline surface ectoderm {{placode}} lying outside the buccopharyngeal membrane. | ||
- adrenal cortex | - adrenal cortex | ||
|| Incorrect! | |||
- thyroid | - thyroid | ||
|| Incorrect! | |||
- parathyroid | - parathyroid | ||
|| Incorrect! | |||
{Which of the following arise from the endoderm? | |||
|type="()"} | |||
- the pancreatic acinous cells | |||
|| Correct! But not the correct answer option to this question. All of the endocrine and exocrine structures of the {{pancreas}} are derived from endoderm. | |||
- B-cells | |||
|| Correct! But not the correct answer option to this question. All of the endocrine and exocrine structures of the {{pancreas}} are derived from endoderm. | |||
- a-cells | |||
|| Correct! But not the correct answer option to this question. All of the endocrine and exocrine structures of the {{pancreas}} are derived from endoderm. | |||
- pancreatic duct cells | |||
|| Correct! But not the correct answer option to this question. All of the endocrine and exocrine structures of the {{pancreas}} are derived from endoderm. | |||
+ all of the above | |||
|| Correct? All of the above endocrine and exocrine structures of the {{pancreas}} are derived from endoderm. | |||
{The neural crest cells from the sympathetic ganglia migrate to form the: | |||
|type="()"} | |||
- pars nervosa of the pituitary gland | |||
+ medulla of the adrenal gland | |||
|| Correct! Neural crest cells from the sympathetic ganglia migrate to form the adrenal medulla. | |||
- follicular cells of the thyroid gland | |||
- inferior parathyroids | |||
- pars intermedia of the pituitary gland | |||
{During fetal life the parathyroid glands: | |||
|type="()"} | |||
- contain oxyphil cells that degenerate before birth | |||
|| Incorrect! | |||
+ contain parafollicular cells that secrete hormones to regulate | |||
fetal calcium metabolism | |||
|| Correct! During fetal life the parathyroid glands secrete hormones to regulate | |||
fetal calcium metabolism. | |||
- develop in situ from cervical somites | |||
|| Incorrect! | |||
- migrate cephalically from the thymus to reach the cervical region | |||
|| Incorrect! | |||
{The parafollicular cells of the thyroid originate from the: | |||
|type="()"} | |||
- ectoderm | |||
|| Incorrect! | |||
- mesoderm | |||
|| Incorrect! | |||
+ endoderm | |||
|| Correct! The parafollicular cells of the thyroid originate from pharynx endoderm. | |||
- neuroepithelium | |||
|| Incorrect! | |||
- neural crest | |||
|| Incorrect! | |||
{Congenital suprarenal hyperplasia: | |||
|type="()"} | |||
- causes an increase in adrenal cortical hormones | |||
|| Incorrect! | |||
- inhibits release of ACTH by the pituitary | |||
|| Incorrect! | |||
+ causes masculinisation of external genitalia in female fetuses | |||
|| Correct! | |||
- may lead to adrenal cortical insufficiency, although there is an | |||
|| Incorrect! | |||
- overproduction of adrenal cortical hormones | |||
|| Incorrect! | |||
{Pituitary hypoplasia may result in: | |||
|type="()"} | |||
- achondroplasia | |||
|| Correct! But not the correct answer option to this question. | |||
- maldevelopment of the adrenal cortex | |||
|| Correct! But not the correct answer option to this question. | |||
- maldevelopment of the thyroid gland | |||
|| Correct! But not the correct answer option to this question. | |||
- hypoplastic gonads | |||
|| Correct! But not the correct answer option to this question. | |||
+ all of the above | |||
|| Correct! And the correct answer option to this question. Pituitary hypoplasia (under or incomplete development) and the associated decrease in the endocrine effects can lead to "downstream" endocrine organ abnormalities. | |||
{In congenital adrenal hypoplasia due to unresponsiveness to ACTH: | |||
|type="()"} | |||
cthe electrolyte levels are normal | |||
|| Correct! But not the correct answer option to this question. | |||
- the aldosterone levels are normal | |||
|| Correct! But not the correct answer option to this question. | |||
- the skin is hyperpigmented | |||
|| Correct! But not the correct answer option to this question. | |||
- the ACTH level is increased | |||
|| Correct! But not the correct answer option to this question. | |||
+ all of the above are correct | |||
|| Correct! And the correct answer option to this question. | |||
{Which of the following is the most correct statement concerning the '''thyroid pyramidal lobe''': | |||
|type="()"} | |||
- is a failure of thyroid descent | |||
|| Incorrect! This is lingual thyroid gland | |||
- is a persistance of thyroglossal duct | |||
|| Incorrect! this is a thyroglossal cyst | |||
- occurs in about 1 in 3000 births | |||
|| Incorrect! This is the congenital hypothyroidism rate | |||
- is associated with neurological abnormalities | |||
|| Incorrect! This is the congenital hypothyroidism | |||
+ occurs in about 50% of people | |||
|| Correct! | |||
{Endocrine disruptors are exogenous chemicals that interfere with the function of hormones. Which of the following best describes the endocrine action of "Diethylstilbestrol (DES)"? | |||
|type="()"} | |||
+ Mimics to replicate the effects of natural hormones by binding receptors | |||
|| Correct! Diethylstilbetrol (DES) mimics acts as a potent {{estrogen}} (mimics the natural hormone) and therefore a potential endocrine disruptor. DES was a drug prescribed to women from 1938-1971 to prevent miscarriage in high-risk pregnancies. In a female fetus, increased risk abnormal reproductive tract (vaginal abnormalities) and cancer. In a male fetus, abnormal genitalia. | |||
- Blocks to inhibit the binding of a hormone to receptor or hormone synthesis | |||
|| Incorrect! | |||
- Interferes to compromise with the hormone transport or elimination | |||
|| Incorrect! | |||
</quiz> | </quiz> |