| Australian GIT Abnormalities (2002-2003)
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Oesophageal atresia/stenosis - (2.0 per 10,000 births)
- A congenital anomaly characterised by the absence of continuity or narrowing of the oesophagus, with or without tracheal fistula, including tracheoesophageal fistula with or without mention of atresia or stenosis of oesophagus. (ICD-10 Q39.0–Q39.3)
- More males (58.6%) than females were affected with this anomaly.
- Women aged 40 years or older had the highest rate of affected pregnancies.
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Small intestinal atresia/stenosis - (2.4 per 10,000 births)
- Complete or partial occlusion of the lumen of a segment of the small intestine. It can involve a single area or multiples areas of the duodenum, jejunum or ileum. (ICD-10 Q41.0-Q41.2)
- Half of the babies (49.2%) with small intestinal atresia or stenosis were born pre-term.
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Anorectal atresia/stenosis - ( 3.1 per 10,000 births)
- A congenital anomaly characterised by absence of continuity of the anorectal canal or of communication between rectum and anus, or narrowing of anal canal, with or without fistula to neighbouring organs. It excludes mild stenosis which does not need correction, and ectopic anus. (ICD-10 Q42.0–Q42.3)
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Hirschsprung’s disease - (1.3 per 10,000 births)
- A condition characterised by partial or complete bowel obstruction resulting from absence of peristalsis in a segment of bowel due to an aganglionic section of the bowel. (ICD-10 Q43.1)
- More than two-thirds (66.7%) of the babies born with this anomaly were males.
- Women aged 40 years or older had the highest rate of affected pregnancies.
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Exomphalos - (Omphalocele) (2.1 per 10,000 births)
- A congenital anomaly characterised by herniation of abdominal contents through the umbilical insertion and covered by a membrane which may or may not be intact. The anomaly excludes gastroschisis, hypoplasia of abdominal muscles and skin covered umbilical hernia. (ICD-10 Q79.2)
- A significantly higher rate of births with exomphalos was seen in women who had multiple births.
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Gastroschisis - (2.6 per 10,000 births)
- A congenital anomaly characterised by visceral herniation through a right side abdominal wall defect with an intact umbilical cord and not covered by a membrane. This anomaly excludes hypoplasia of abdominal muscles, skin covered umbilical hernia and exomphalos. (ICD-10 Q79.3)
- Similar proportions of males and females with this anomaly.
- Half of the affected pregnant women delivered preterm.
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| Reference: Abeywardana S & Sullivan EA 2008. Congenital Anomalies in Australia 2002-2003. Birth anomalies series no. 3 Cat. no. PER 41. Sydney: AIHW National Perinatal Statistics Unit.
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