Talk:Worm Development: Difference between revisions

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==10 Most Recent Papers==
{{10 Most Recent}}
===Worm Development===
<pubmed limit=5>Worm Development</pubmed>
===Worm Embryology===
<pubmed limit=5>Worm Embryology</pubmed>
==2013==


==2012==
==2012==

Revision as of 08:36, 25 December 2012

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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, March 29) Embryology Worm Development. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Talk:Worm_Development

10 Most Recent Papers

Note - This sub-heading shows an automated computer PubMed search using the listed sub-heading term. References appear in this list based upon the date of the actual page viewing. Therefore the list of references do not reflect any editorial selection of material based on content or relevance. In comparison, references listed on the content page and discussion page (under the publication year sub-headings) do include editorial selection based upon relevance and availability. (More? Pubmed Most Recent)


Worm Development

<pubmed limit=5>Worm Development</pubmed>

Worm Embryology

<pubmed limit=5>Worm Embryology</pubmed>

2013

2012

Nucleologenesis in the Caenorhabditis elegans Embryo

Korčeková D, Gombitová A, Raška I, Cmarko D, Lanctôt C (2012) Nucleologenesis in the Caenorhabditis elegans Embryo. PLoS ONE 7(7): e40290. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0040290

In the Caenorhabditis elegans nematode, the oocyte nucleolus disappears prior to fertilization. We have now investigated the re-formation of the nucleolus in the early embryo of this model organism by immunostaining for fibrillarin and DAO-5, a putative NOLC1/Nopp140 homolog involved in ribosome assembly. We find that labeled nucleoli first appear in somatic cells at around the 8-cell stage, at a time when transcription of the embryonic genome begins. Quantitative analysis of radial positioning showed the nucleolus to be localized at the nuclear periphery in a majority of early embryonic nuclei. At the ultrastructural level, the embryonic nucleolus appears to be composed of a relatively homogenous core surrounded by a crescent-shaped granular structure. Prior to embryonic genome activation, fibrillarin and DAO-5 staining is seen in numerous small nucleoplasmic foci. This staining pattern persists in the germline up to the ~100-cell stage, until the P4 germ cell divides to give rise to the Z2/Z3 primordial germ cells and embryonic transcription is activated in this lineage. In the ncl-1 mutant, which is characterized by increased transcription of rDNA, DAO-5-labeled nucleoli are already present at the 2-cell stage. Our results suggest a link between the activation of transcription and the initial formation of nucleoli in the C. elegans embryo.

http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0040290

A regulatory network modeled from wild-type gene expression data guides functional predictions in Caenorhabditis elegant development

BMC Syst Biol. 2012 Jun 26;6(1):77. [Epub ahead of print]

Stigler B, Chamberlin HM. Abstract

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Complex gene regulatory networks underlie many cellular and developmental processes. While a variety of experimental approaches can be used to discover how genes interact, few biological systems have been systematically evaluated to the extent required for an experimental definition of the underlying network. Therefore, the development of computational methods that can use limited experimental data to define and model a gene regulatory network would provide a useful tool to evaluate many important but incompletely understood biological processes. Such methods can assist in extracting all relevant information from data that are available, identify unexpected regulatory relationships and prioritize future experiments. RESULTS: To facilitate the analysis of gene regulatory networks, we have developed a computational modeling pipeline method that complements traditional evaluation of experimental data. For a proof-of-concept example, we have focused on the gene regulatory network in the nematode C. elegans that mediates the developmental choice between mesodermal (muscle) and ectodermal (skin) cell fates in the embryonic C lineage. We have used gene expression data to build two models: a knowledge-driven model based on gene expression changes following gene perturbation experiments, and a data-driven mathematical model derived from time-course gene expression data recovered from wild-type animals. We show that both models can identify a rich set of network gene interactions. Importantly, the mathematical model built only from wild-type data can predict interactions demonstrated by the perturbation experiments better than chance, and better than an existing knowledge-driven model built from the same data set. The mathematical model also provides new biological insight, including a dissection of zygotic from maternal functions of a key transcriptional regulator, PAL-1, and identification of non-redundant activities of the T-box genes tbx-8 and tbx-9. CONCLUSIONS: This work provides a strong example for a mathematical modeling approach that solely uses wild-type data to predict an underlying gene regulatory network. The modeling approach complements traditional methods of data analysis, suggesting non-intuitive network relationships and guiding future experiments.

PMID 22734688

http://www.biomedcentral.com/1752-0509/6/77/abstract


Basic Caenorhabditis elegans Methods: Synchronization and Observation

J Vis Exp. 2012 Jun 10;(64). pii: 4019. doi: 10.3791/4019.

Porta-de-la-Riva M, Fontrodona L, Villanueva A, Cerón J. Source Department of Cancer and Human Molecular Genetics, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research.

Abstract

Research into the molecular and developmental biology of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans was begun in the early seventies by Sydney Brenner and it has since been used extensively as a model organism (1). C. elegans possesses key attributes such as simplicity, transparency and short life cycle that have made it a suitable experimental system for fundamental biological studies for many years (2). Discoveries in this nematode have broad implications because many cellular and molecular processes that control animal development are evolutionary conserved (3). C. elegans life cycle goes through an embryonic stage and four larval stages before animals reach adulthood. Development can take 2 to 4 days depending on the temperature. In each of the stages several characteristic traits can be observed. The knowledge of its complete cell lineage (4,5) together with the deep annotation of its genome turn this nematode into a great model in fields as diverse as the neurobiology (6), aging (7,8), stem cell biology (9) and germ line biology (10). An additional feature that makes C. elegans an attractive model to work with is the possibility of obtaining populations of worms synchronized at a specific stage through a relatively easy protocol. The ease of maintaining and propagating this nematode added to the possibility of synchronization provide a powerful tool to obtain large amounts of worms, which can be used for a wide variety of small or high-throughput experiments such as RNAi screens, microarrays, massive sequencing, immunoblot or in situ hybridization, among others. Because of its transparency, C. elegans structures can be distinguished under the microscope using Differential Interference Contrast microscopy, also known as Nomarski microscopy. The use of a fluorescent DNA binder, DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole), for instance, can lead to the specific identification and localization of individual cells, as well as subcellular structures/defects associated to them.

PMID 22710399

2010

Neurogenesis in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

Hobert O. WormBook. 2010 Oct 4:1-24.


Abstract The nervous system represents the most complex tissue of C. elegans both in terms of numbers (302 neurons and 56 glial cells = 37% of the somatic cells in a hermaphrodite) and diversity (118 morphologically distinct neuron classes). The lineage and morphology of each neuron type has been described in detail and neuronal fate markers exists for virtually all neurons in the form of fluorescent reporter genes. The ability to "phenotype" neurons at high resolution combined with the amenability of C. elegans to genetic mutant analysis make the C. elegans nervous system a prime model system to elucidate the nature of the gene regulatory programs that build a nervous system-a central question of developmental neurobiology. Discussing a number of regulatory genes involved in neuronal lineage determination and neuronal differentiation, I will try to carve out in this review a few general principles of neuronal development in C. elegans. These principles may be conserved across phylogeny.

PMID 20891032

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20891032

http://www.wormbook.org/chapters/www_specnervsys.2/neurogenesis.html

Spermatogenesis-Specific Features of the Meiotic Program in Caenorhabditis elegans

http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pgen.1000611


Chromosome axis defects induce a checkpoint-mediated delay and interchromosomal effect on crossing over during Drosophila meiosis

Joyce EF, McKim KS. PLoS Genet. 2010 Aug 12;6(8). pii: e1001059.

PMID 20711363

http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pgen.1001059

2009

xol-1, the master sex-switch gene in C. elegans, is a transcriptional target of the terminal sex-determining factor TRA-1

Hargitai B, Kutnyánszky V, Blauwkamp TA, Steták A, Csankovszki G, Takács-Vellai K, Vellai T. Development. 2009 Dec;136(23):3881-7. PMID: 19906855

"In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, sex is determined by the ratio of X chromosomes to sets of autosomes: XX animals (2X:2A=1.0) develop as hermaphrodites and XO animals (1X:2A=0.5) develop as males. ....Here we identify a consensus TRA-1 binding site in the regulatory region of xol-1, the master switch gene controlling sex determination and dosage compensation. xol-1 is normally expressed in males, where it promotes male development and prevents dosage compensation."
  • Somatic sexual differentiation in Caenorhabditis elegans. Wolff JR, Zarkower D. Curr Top Dev Biol. 2008;83:1-39. PMID: 19118662
  • The primary sex determination signal of Caenorhabditis elegans. Carmi I, Meyer BJ. Genetics. 1999 Jul;152(3):999-1015. PMID: 10388819

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