Talk:Nutrition

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On this website the Discussion Tab or "talk pages" for a topic has been used for several purposes: References - recent and historic that relates to the topic Additional topic information - currently prepared in draft format Links - to related webpages Topic page - an edit history as used on other Wiki sites Lecture/Practical - student feedback Student Projects - online project discussions. Links: Pubmed Most Recent | Reference Tutorial | Journal Searches Glossary Links Glossary: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | Numbers | Symbols | Term Link Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 20) Embryology Nutrition. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Talk:Nutrition

2011

The supply of choline is important for fetal progenitor cells

Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2011 Jun 12.

Zeisel SH. Source Nutrition and Pediatrics, Nutrition Research Institute, School of Public Health and School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 28081, United States.

Abstract

Fetal progenitor cells proliferate, migrate, differentiate and undergo apoptosis at specific times during fetal development. Choline is needed by these cells for membrane synthesis and for methylation. There is growing evidence that this nutrient also modulates epigenetic regulation of gene expression in both neuronal and endothelial progenitor cells, thereby modifying brain development. It is likely that these mechanisms explain why, in rodent models, maternal dietary intake of choline influences both angiogenesis and neurogenesis in fetal hippocampus, and results in life-long changes in memory function. This also may explain why women eating diets low in choline have a greater risk of having a baby with a birth defect. Choline is mainly found in foods that contain fat and cholesterol, and intake of such foods has diminished in response dietary advice from nutritionists and physicians. Forty years ago, diets commonly contained choline-rich foods but now women in the USA tend to eat diets low in choline content. Premenopausal women normally may require less choline in their diet than do men and postmenopausal women, because estrogen induces the gene for the enzyme catalyzing endogenous biosynthesis of the choline-containing phospholipid phosphatidylcholine. However, many women have a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) that blocks the induction of endogenous biosynthesis, thereby making them require more dietary choline. When these women eat diets low in choline, the supply of this nutrient to the fetus is likely to be inadequate, and may perturb progenitor cell proliferation, migration, differentiation and apoptosis.

Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

PMID 21693194

Does prenatal micronutrient supplementation improve children's mental development? A systematic review

Leung BM, Wiens KP, Kaplan BJ. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2011 Feb 3;11:12. Review.

PMID 21291560 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21291560

Vitamin D dependent rickets type I

Korean J Pediatr. 2011 Feb;54(2):51-4. Epub 2011 Feb 28.

Kim CJ. Source Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.

Abstract

Vitamin D is present in two forms, ergocalciferol (vitamin D(2)) produced by plants and cholecalciferol (vitamin D(3)) produced by animal tissues or by the action of ultraviolet light on 7-dehydrocholesterol in human skin. Both forms of vitamin D are biologically inactive pro-hormones that must undergo sequential hydroxylations in the liver and the kidney before they can bind to and activate the vitamin D receptor. The hormonally active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)(2)D], plays an essential role in calcium and phosphate metabolism, bone growth, and cellular differentiation. Renal synthesis of 1,25(OH)(2)D from its endogenous precursor, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), is the rate-limiting and is catalyzed by the 1α-hydroxylase. Vitamin D dependent rickets type I (VDDR-I), also referred to as vitamin D 1α-hydroxylase deficiency or pseudovitamin D deficiency rickets, is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized clinically by hypotonia, muscle weakness, growth failure, hypocalcemic seizures in early infancy, and radiographic findings of rickets. Characteristic laboratory features are hypocalcemia, increased serum concentrations of parathyroid hormone (PTH), and low or undetectable serum concentrations of 1,25(OH)(2)D despite normal or increased concentrations of 25OHD. Recent advances have showed in the cloning of the human 1α-hydroxylase and revealed mutations in its gene that cause VDDR-I. This review presents the biology of vitamin D, and 1α-hydroxylase mutations with clinical findings.

PMID: 21503197 [PubMed] PMCID: PMC3077501

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21503197/

2010

Nutritional status of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a pilot study

Int J Pediatr. 2010;2010:767318. Epub 2010 Jun 28.

Kiddie JY, Weiss MD, Kitts DD, Levy-Milne R, Wasdell MB. Source Food Nutrition and Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4. Abstract Objectives. This is a pilot study of the dietary intake and nutrient status of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Method. Nutritional assessment of 43 children aged 6-12 with ADHD was performed using a 3-day food record, 24-hour recall, and serum assessors. Results. Macronutrient intake and consumption of Low-Nutrient Foods were comparable to population norms; however, 66% were found to be deficient in zinc and 23% in copper. Conclusions. This pilot study reports the food intake and nutrient status of children with ADHD and shows a predisposition for low zinc and copper status in ADHD.

PMID 20652039 PMCID: PMC2905905

2006

Nutrient Reference Values for Australia and New Zealand Including Recommended Dietary Intakes

• 2006 http://www.nhmrc.gov.au/publications/synopses/n35syn.htm PDF

• The Nutrient Reference Values outline the levels of intake of essential nutrients considered to be adequate to meet the known nutritional needs of practically all healthy people for prevention of deficiency states. The document can be used by health professionals to assess the likelihood of inadequate intake in individuals or groups of people.

• Report used to prepare some content on topic page.

2002

http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?pid=S0042-96862002000800007&script=sci_arttext