Talk:Neural - Vascular Development
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 25) Embryology Neural - Vascular Development. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Talk:Neural_-_Vascular_Development |
2016
Formation of the circle of Willis during human embryonic development
Congenit Anom (Kyoto). 2016 Mar 31. doi: 10.1111/cga.12165. [Epub ahead of print]
Takakuwa T1, Koike T1, Muranaka T1, Uwabe C2, Yamada S1,2.
Abstract
The circle of Willis (CW) is a circulatory anastomosis that supplies blood to the brain and adjacent structures. We examined the timing of formation of CW in 20 Japanese human embryo samples by using 3-dimensional reconstruction of serial histological sections. The CW was closed in 1 (n = 6), 2 (n = 8), 2 (n = 3) and 2 (n = 3) samples at Carnegie stages 20, 21, 22, and 23, respectively. The CW was unclosed in 13 samples (unclosed at ACOM alone, 6 samples; ACOM and bilateral P1, 4; left PCOM and right P1, 1; right PCOM and right P1, 1; ACOM and left PCOM, 1). It was difficult to predict whether the circle would close during further development, as such variations frequently exist in adults. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. KEYWORDS: Circle of Willis; human embryo; three-dimensional reconstruction
PMID 27037515
1967
Fine structural localization of a blood-brain barrier to exogenous peroxidase
J Cell Biol. 1967 Jul;34(1):207-17.
Reese TS, Karnovsky MJ.
Abstract
Horseradish peroxidase was administered to mice by intravenous injection, and its distribution in cerebral cortex studied with a recently available technique for localizing peroxidase with the electron microscope. Brains were fixed by either immersion or vascular perfusion 10-60 min after administration of various doses of peroxidase. Exogenous peroxidase was localized in the lumina of blood vessels and in some micropinocytotic vesicles within endothelial cells; none was found beyond the vascular endothelium. Micropinocytotic vesicles were few in number and did not appear to transport peroxidase while tight junctions between endothelial cells were probably responsible for preventing its intercellular passage. Our findings therefore localize, at a fine structural level, a "barrier" to the passage of peroxidase at the endothelium of vessels in the cerebral cortex. The significance of these findings is discussed, particularly with reference to a recent study in which similar techniques were applied to capillaries in heart and skeletal muscle.
PMID 6033532 PMCID: PMC2107213
