Talk:Neural - Telencephalon Development: Difference between revisions
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==2012== | |||
===The Mammalian DM Domain Transcription Factor Dmrta2 Is Required for Early Embryonic Development of the Cerebral Cortex=== | |||
PLoS One. 2012;7(10):e46577. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046577. Epub 2012 Oct 2. | |||
Konno D, Iwashita M, Satoh Y, Momiyama A, Abe T, Kiyonari H, Matsuzaki F. | |||
Source | |||
Laboratory for Cell Asymmetry, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. | |||
Abstract | |||
Development of the mammalian telencephalon is precisely organized by a combination of extracellular signaling events derived from signaling centers and transcription factor networks. Using gene expression profiling of the developing mouse dorsal telencephalon, we found that the DM domain transcription factor Dmrta2 (doublesex and mab-3-related transcription factor a2) is involved in the development of the dorsal telencephalon. Consistent with its medial-high/lateral-low expression pattern in the dorsal telencephalon, Dmrta2 null mutants demonstrated a dramatic reduction in medial cortical structures such as the cortical hem and the choroid plexus, and a complete loss of the hippocampus. In this mutant, the dorsal telencephalon also showed a remarkable size reduction, in addition to abnormal cell cycle kinetics and defective patterning. In contrast, a conditional Dmrta2 deletion in the telencephalon, which was accomplished after entry into the neurogenic phase, resulted in only a slight reduction in telencephalon size and normal patterning. We also found that Dmrta2 expression was decreased by a dominant-negative Tcf and was increased by a stabilized β-catenin form. These data suggest that Dmrta2 plays pivotal roles in the early development of the telencephalon via the formation of the cortical hem, a source of Wnts, and also in the maintenance of neural progenitors as a downstream of the Wnt pathway. | |||
PMID 23056351 | |||
==2011== | ==2011== | ||
===The transcription factor Foxg1 regulates telencephalic progenitor proliferation cell autonomously, in part by controlling Pax6 expression levels=== | |||
Neural Dev. 2011 Mar 18;6:9. | |||
Manuel MN, Martynoga B, Molinek MD, Quinn JC, Kroemmer C, Mason JO, Price DJ. | |||
Genes and Development Group, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK. Martine.Manuel@ed.ac.uk. | |||
Abstract | |||
ABSTRACT: | |||
BACKGROUND: The transcription factor Foxg1 is an important regulator of telencephalic cell cycles. Its inactivation causes premature lengthening of telencephalic progenitor cell cycles and increased neurogenic divisions, leading to severe hypoplasia of the telencephalon. These proliferation defects could be a secondary consequence of the loss of Foxg1 caused by the abnormal expression of several morphogens (Fibroblast growth factor 8, bone morphogenetic proteins) in the telencephalon of Foxg1 null mutants. Here we investigated whether Foxg1 has a cell autonomous role in the regulation of telencephalic progenitor proliferation. We analysed Foxg1+/+↔Foxg1-/- chimeras, in which mutant telencephalic cells have the potential to interact with, and to have any cell non-autonomous defects rescued by, normal wild-type cells. | |||
RESULTS: Our analysis showed that the Foxg1-/- cells are under-represented in the chimeric telencephalon and the proportion of them in S-phase is significantly smaller than that of their wild-type neighbours, indicating that their under-representation is caused by a cell autonomous reduction in their proliferation. We then analysed the expression of the cell-cycle regulator Pax6 and found that it is cell-autonomously downregulated in Foxg1-/- dorsal telencephalic cells. We went on to show that the introduction into Foxg1-/- embryos of a transgene designed to reverse Pax6 expression defects resulted in a partial rescue of the telencephalic progenitor proliferation defects. | |||
CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that Foxg1 exerts control over telencephalic progenitor proliferation by cell autonomous mechanisms that include the regulation of Pax6, which itself is known to regulate proliferation cell autonomously in a regional manner. | |||
PMID: 21418559 | |||
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21418559 | |||
http://www.neuraldevelopment.com/content/6/1/9 | |||
PMC3068069 | |||
===Characterization of the proteome, diseases and evolution of the human postsynaptic density=== | ===Characterization of the proteome, diseases and evolution of the human postsynaptic density=== | ||
Latest revision as of 09:04, 14 October 2012
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 16) Embryology Neural - Telencephalon Development. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Talk:Neural_-_Telencephalon_Development |
2012
The Mammalian DM Domain Transcription Factor Dmrta2 Is Required for Early Embryonic Development of the Cerebral Cortex
PLoS One. 2012;7(10):e46577. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046577. Epub 2012 Oct 2.
Konno D, Iwashita M, Satoh Y, Momiyama A, Abe T, Kiyonari H, Matsuzaki F. Source Laboratory for Cell Asymmetry, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
Abstract
Development of the mammalian telencephalon is precisely organized by a combination of extracellular signaling events derived from signaling centers and transcription factor networks. Using gene expression profiling of the developing mouse dorsal telencephalon, we found that the DM domain transcription factor Dmrta2 (doublesex and mab-3-related transcription factor a2) is involved in the development of the dorsal telencephalon. Consistent with its medial-high/lateral-low expression pattern in the dorsal telencephalon, Dmrta2 null mutants demonstrated a dramatic reduction in medial cortical structures such as the cortical hem and the choroid plexus, and a complete loss of the hippocampus. In this mutant, the dorsal telencephalon also showed a remarkable size reduction, in addition to abnormal cell cycle kinetics and defective patterning. In contrast, a conditional Dmrta2 deletion in the telencephalon, which was accomplished after entry into the neurogenic phase, resulted in only a slight reduction in telencephalon size and normal patterning. We also found that Dmrta2 expression was decreased by a dominant-negative Tcf and was increased by a stabilized β-catenin form. These data suggest that Dmrta2 plays pivotal roles in the early development of the telencephalon via the formation of the cortical hem, a source of Wnts, and also in the maintenance of neural progenitors as a downstream of the Wnt pathway. PMID 23056351
2011
The transcription factor Foxg1 regulates telencephalic progenitor proliferation cell autonomously, in part by controlling Pax6 expression levels
Neural Dev. 2011 Mar 18;6:9.
Manuel MN, Martynoga B, Molinek MD, Quinn JC, Kroemmer C, Mason JO, Price DJ.
Genes and Development Group, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK. Martine.Manuel@ed.ac.uk. Abstract ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND: The transcription factor Foxg1 is an important regulator of telencephalic cell cycles. Its inactivation causes premature lengthening of telencephalic progenitor cell cycles and increased neurogenic divisions, leading to severe hypoplasia of the telencephalon. These proliferation defects could be a secondary consequence of the loss of Foxg1 caused by the abnormal expression of several morphogens (Fibroblast growth factor 8, bone morphogenetic proteins) in the telencephalon of Foxg1 null mutants. Here we investigated whether Foxg1 has a cell autonomous role in the regulation of telencephalic progenitor proliferation. We analysed Foxg1+/+↔Foxg1-/- chimeras, in which mutant telencephalic cells have the potential to interact with, and to have any cell non-autonomous defects rescued by, normal wild-type cells.
RESULTS: Our analysis showed that the Foxg1-/- cells are under-represented in the chimeric telencephalon and the proportion of them in S-phase is significantly smaller than that of their wild-type neighbours, indicating that their under-representation is caused by a cell autonomous reduction in their proliferation. We then analysed the expression of the cell-cycle regulator Pax6 and found that it is cell-autonomously downregulated in Foxg1-/- dorsal telencephalic cells. We went on to show that the introduction into Foxg1-/- embryos of a transgene designed to reverse Pax6 expression defects resulted in a partial rescue of the telencephalic progenitor proliferation defects.
CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that Foxg1 exerts control over telencephalic progenitor proliferation by cell autonomous mechanisms that include the regulation of Pax6, which itself is known to regulate proliferation cell autonomously in a regional manner.
PMID: 21418559 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21418559
http://www.neuraldevelopment.com/content/6/1/9
PMC3068069
Characterization of the proteome, diseases and evolution of the human postsynaptic density
Àlex Bayés, Louie N van de Lagemaat, Mark O Collins, Mike D R Croning, Ian R Whittle, Jyoti S Choudhary and Seth G N Grant doi:10.1038/nn.2719 This study identifies proteins from the postsynaptic density (PSD) of human neocortex and finds that the PSD shows enrichment of genes involved in cognitive and affective phenotypes and that PSD mutations are associated with neurological and psychiatric disease.
We isolated the postsynaptic density from human neocortex (hPSD) and identified 1,461 proteins. hPSD mutations cause 133 neurological and psychiatric diseases and were enriched in cognitive, affective and motor phenotypes underpinned by sets of genes.
Nature Neuroscience 14, 19–21 (2011) doi:10.1038/nn.2719 Received 23 June 2010 Accepted 12 November 2010 Published online 19 December 2010
http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v14/n1/abs/nn.2719.html?lang=en
