Talk:Molecular Development - X Inactivation: Difference between revisions

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Active Chromatin Marks Are Retained on X Chromosomes Lacking Gene or Repeat Silencing Despite XIST/Xist Expression in Somatic Cell Hybrids http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0010787
 
===Active Chromatin Marks Are Retained on X Chromosomes Lacking Gene or Repeat Silencing Despite XIST/Xist Expression in Somatic Cell Hybrids===
 
http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0010787
 
==2006==
 
===The X chromosome is organized into a gene-rich outer rim and an internal core containing silenced nongenic sequences===
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 May 16;103(20):7688-93. Epub 2006 May 8.
 
Clemson CM, Hall LL, Byron M, McNeil J, Lawrence JB.
Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
 
Abstract
 
We investigated whether genes escape X chromosome inactivation by positioning outside of the territory defined by XIST RNA. Results reveal an unanticipated higher order organization of genes and noncoding sequences. All 15 X-linked genes, regardless of activity, position on the border of the XIST RNA territory, which resides outside of the DAPI-dense Barr body. Although more strictly delineated on the inactive X chromosome (Xi), all genes localized predominantly to the outer rim of the Xi and active X chromosome. This outer rim is decorated only by X chromosome DNA paints and is excluded from both the XIST RNA and dense DAPI staining. The only DNA found well within the Barr body and XIST RNA territory was centromeric and Cot-1 DNA; hence, the core of the X chromosome essentially excludes genes and is composed primarily of noncoding repeat-rich DNA. Moreover, we show that this core of repetitive sequences is expressed throughout the nucleus yet is silenced throughout Xi, providing direct evidence for chromosome-wide regulation of "junk" DNA transcription. Collective results suggest that the Barr body, long presumed to be the physical manifestation of silenced genes, is in fact composed of a core of silenced noncoding DNA. Instead of acting at a local gene level, XIST RNA appears to interact with and silence core architectural elements to effectively condense and shut down the Xi.
 
PMID: 16682630
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16682630
 
http://www.pnas.org/content/103/20/7688.full

Revision as of 14:45, 31 October 2010

Active Chromatin Marks Are Retained on X Chromosomes Lacking Gene or Repeat Silencing Despite XIST/Xist Expression in Somatic Cell Hybrids

http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0010787

2006

The X chromosome is organized into a gene-rich outer rim and an internal core containing silenced nongenic sequences

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 May 16;103(20):7688-93. Epub 2006 May 8.

Clemson CM, Hall LL, Byron M, McNeil J, Lawrence JB. Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.

Abstract

We investigated whether genes escape X chromosome inactivation by positioning outside of the territory defined by XIST RNA. Results reveal an unanticipated higher order organization of genes and noncoding sequences. All 15 X-linked genes, regardless of activity, position on the border of the XIST RNA territory, which resides outside of the DAPI-dense Barr body. Although more strictly delineated on the inactive X chromosome (Xi), all genes localized predominantly to the outer rim of the Xi and active X chromosome. This outer rim is decorated only by X chromosome DNA paints and is excluded from both the XIST RNA and dense DAPI staining. The only DNA found well within the Barr body and XIST RNA territory was centromeric and Cot-1 DNA; hence, the core of the X chromosome essentially excludes genes and is composed primarily of noncoding repeat-rich DNA. Moreover, we show that this core of repetitive sequences is expressed throughout the nucleus yet is silenced throughout Xi, providing direct evidence for chromosome-wide regulation of "junk" DNA transcription. Collective results suggest that the Barr body, long presumed to be the physical manifestation of silenced genes, is in fact composed of a core of silenced noncoding DNA. Instead of acting at a local gene level, XIST RNA appears to interact with and silence core architectural elements to effectively condense and shut down the Xi.

PMID: 16682630 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16682630

http://www.pnas.org/content/103/20/7688.full