Talk:Human System Development: Difference between revisions
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--[[User:S8600021|Mark Hill]] 18:48, 27 August 2011 (EST) Add [[Connective Tissue Development]] | |||
==Adult Human Distinct Cell Types== | ==Adult Human Distinct Cell Types== | ||
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MBoC - There are about 210 known distinct human cell types. | MBoC - There are about 210 known distinct human cell types. | ||
Integumentary system Keratinizing epithelial cells | Integumentary system | ||
Epidermal keratinocyte (differentiating epidermal cell) Epidermal basal cell (stem cell) Keratinocyte of fingernails and toenails Nail bed basal cell (stem cell) | * Keratinizing epithelial cells | ||
* Epidermal keratinocyte (differentiating epidermal cell) Epidermal basal cell (stem cell) Keratinocyte of fingernails and toenails Nail bed basal cell (stem cell) | |||
Medullary hair shaft cell | Medullary hair shaft cell | ||
| Line 15: | Line 20: | ||
Exocrine secretory epithelial cells | Exocrine secretory epithelial cells | ||
Salivary gland mucous cell (polysaccharide-rich secretion) | * Salivary gland mucous cell (polysaccharide-rich secretion) | ||
Salivary gland serous cell (glycoprotein enzyme-rich secretion) | * Salivary gland serous cell (glycoprotein enzyme-rich secretion) | ||
Von Ebner's gland cell in tongue (washes taste buds) | * Von Ebner's gland cell in tongue (washes taste buds) | ||
Mammary gland cell (milk secretion) | * Mammary gland cell (milk secretion) | ||
Lacrimal gland cell (tear secretion) | * Lacrimal gland cell (tear secretion) | ||
Ceruminous gland cell in ear (wax secretion) | * Ceruminous gland cell in ear (wax secretion) | ||
Eccrine sweat gland dark cell (glycoprotein secretion) | * Eccrine sweat gland dark cell (glycoprotein secretion) | ||
Eccrine sweat gland clear cell (small molecule secretion) | * Eccrine sweat gland clear cell (small molecule secretion) | ||
Apocrine sweat gland cell (odoriferous secretion, sex-hormone sensitive) | * Apocrine sweat gland cell (odoriferous secretion, sex-hormone sensitive) | ||
Gland of Moll cell in eyelid (specialized sweat gland) | * Gland of Moll cell in eyelid (specialized sweat gland) | ||
Sebaceous gland cell (lipid-rich sebum secretion) | * Sebaceous gland cell (lipid-rich sebum secretion) | ||
Bowman's gland cell in nose (washes olfactory epithelium) | * Bowman's gland cell in nose (washes olfactory epithelium) | ||
Brunner's gland cell in duodenum (enzymes and alkaline mucus) | * Brunner's gland cell in duodenum (enzymes and alkaline mucus) | ||
Seminal vesicle cell (secretes seminal fluid components, including fructose for swimming sperm) | * Seminal vesicle cell (secretes seminal fluid components, including fructose for swimming sperm) | ||
Prostate gland cell (secretes seminal fluid components) | * Prostate gland cell (secretes seminal fluid components) | ||
Bulbourethral gland cell (mucus secretion) | * Bulbourethral gland cell (mucus secretion) | ||
Bartholin's gland cell (vaginal lubricant secretion) | * Bartholin's gland cell (vaginal lubricant secretion) | ||
Gland of Littre cell (mucus secretion) | * Gland of Littre cell (mucus secretion) | ||
Uterus endometrium cell (carbohydrate secretion) | * Uterus endometrium cell (carbohydrate secretion) | ||
Isolated goblet cell of respiratory and digestive tracts (mucus secretion) Stomach lining mucous cell (mucus secretion) | * Isolated goblet cell of respiratory and digestive tracts (mucus secretion) Stomach lining mucous cell (mucus secretion) | ||
Gastric gland zymogenic cell (pepsinogen secretion) | * Gastric gland zymogenic cell (pepsinogen secretion) | ||
Gastric gland oxyntic cell (hydrochloric acid secretion) | * Gastric gland oxyntic cell (hydrochloric acid secretion) | ||
Pancreatic acinar cell (bicarbonate and digestive enzyme secretion) | * Pancreatic acinar cell (bicarbonate and digestive enzyme secretion) | ||
Paneth cell of small intestine (lysozyme secretion) | * Paneth cell of small intestine (lysozyme secretion) | ||
Type II pneumocyte of lung (surfactant secretion) Clara cell of lung | * Type II pneumocyte of lung (surfactant secretion) Clara cell of lung | ||
Hormone secreting cells | Hormone secreting cells | ||
Anterior pituitary cells Somatotropes | * Anterior pituitary cells Somatotropes | ||
Lactotropes | * Lactotropes | ||
Thyrotropes Gonadotropes Corticotropes | * Thyrotropes Gonadotropes Corticotropes | ||
Intermediate pituitary cell, secreting melanocyte-stimulating hormone Magnocellular neurosecretory cells | * Intermediate pituitary cell, secreting melanocyte-stimulating hormone Magnocellular neurosecretory cells | ||
secreting oxytocin | * secreting oxytocin | ||
secreting vasopressin Gut and respiratory tract cells | * secreting vasopressin Gut and respiratory tract cells | ||
secreting serotonin secreting endorphin secreting somatostatin secreting gastrin secreting secretin secreting cholecystokinin secreting insulin secreting glucagon secreting bombesin | * secreting serotonin secreting endorphin secreting somatostatin secreting gastrin secreting secretin secreting cholecystokinin secreting insulin secreting glucagon secreting bombesin | ||
Thyroid gland cells thyroid epithelial cell | * Thyroid gland cells thyroid epithelial cell | ||
parafollicular cell Parathyroid gland cells | * parafollicular cell Parathyroid gland cells | ||
Parathyroid chief cell | * Parathyroid chief cell | ||
Oxyphil cell Adrenal gland cells | * Oxyphil cell Adrenal gland cells | ||
chromaffin cells | * chromaffin cells | ||
secreting steroid hormones (mineralcorticoids and gluco corticoids) Leydig cell of testes secreting testosterone Theca interna cell of ovarian follicle secreting | * secreting steroid hormones (mineralcorticoids and gluco corticoids) Leydig cell of testes secreting testosterone Theca interna cell of ovarian follicle secreting oestrogen | ||
Granulosa lutein cells | * Corpus luteum cell of ruptured ovarian follicle secreting progesterone | ||
Theca lutein cells | * Granulosa lutein cells | ||
Juxtaglomerular cell (renin secretion) | * Theca lutein cells | ||
Macula densa cell of kidney | * Juxtaglomerular cell (renin secretion) | ||
Peripolar cell of kidney | * Macula densa cell of kidney | ||
Mesangial cell of kidney | * Peripolar cell of kidney | ||
* Mesangial cell of kidney | |||
Metabolism and storage cells | Metabolism and storage cells | ||
Hepatocyte (liver cell) White fat cell Brown fat cell Liver lipocyte | * Hepatocyte (liver cell) White fat cell Brown fat cell Liver lipocyte | ||
Barrier function cells (Lung, Gut, Exocrine Glands and Urogenital Tract) | Barrier function cells (Lung, Gut, Exocrine Glands and Urogenital Tract) | ||
Kidney | Kidney | ||
Kidney glomerulus parietal cell | * Kidney glomerulus parietal cell | ||
Kidney glomerulus podocyte | * Kidney glomerulus podocyte | ||
Kidney proximal tubule brush border cell | * Kidney proximal tubule brush border cell | ||
Loop of Henle thin segment cell | * Loop of Henle thin segment cell | ||
Kidney distal tubule cell | * Kidney distal tubule cell | ||
Kidney collecting duct cell | * Kidney collecting duct cell | ||
Other | Other | ||
Type I pneumocyte (lining air space of lung) | * Type I pneumocyte (lining air space of lung) | ||
Pancreatic duct cell (centroacinar cell) | * Pancreatic duct cell (centroacinar cell) | ||
Nonstriated duct cell (of sweat gland, salivary gland, mammary gland, etc.) | * Nonstriated duct cell (of sweat gland, salivary gland, mammary gland, etc.) | ||
principal cell | * principal cell | ||
Intercalated cell Duct cell (of seminal vesicle, prostate gland, etc.) | * Intercalated cell Duct cell (of seminal vesicle, prostate gland, etc.) | ||
Intestinal brush border cell (with microvilli) | * Intestinal brush border cell (with microvilli) | ||
Exocrine gland striated duct cell | * Exocrine gland striated duct cell | ||
Gall bladder epithelial cell | * Gall bladder epithelial cell | ||
Ductulus efferens nonciliated cell | * Ductulus efferens nonciliated cell | ||
Epididymal principal cell | * Epididymal principal cell | ||
Epididymal basal cell | * Epididymal basal cell | ||
Epithelial cells lining closed internal body cavities | Epithelial cells lining closed internal body cavities | ||
Blood vessel and lymphatic vascular endothelial fenestrated cell | * Blood vessel and lymphatic vascular endothelial fenestrated cell | ||
Blood vessel and lymphatic vascular endothelial continuous cell | * Blood vessel and lymphatic vascular endothelial continuous cell | ||
Blood vessel and lymphatic vascular endothelial splenic cell | * Blood vessel and lymphatic vascular endothelial splenic cell | ||
Synovial cell (lining joint cavities, hyaluronic acid secretion) | * Synovial cell (lining joint cavities, hyaluronic acid secretion) | ||
Serosal cell (lining peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities) | Serosal cell (lining peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities) | ||
Squamous cell (lining perilymphatic space of ear) | Squamous cell (lining perilymphatic space of ear) | ||
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Ciliated cells with propulsive function | Ciliated cells with propulsive function | ||
Respiratory tract ciliated cell | * Respiratory tract ciliated cell | ||
Oviduct ciliated cell (in female) | * Oviduct ciliated cell (in female) | ||
Uterine endometrial ciliated cell (in female) | * Uterine endometrial ciliated cell (in female) | ||
Rete testis ciliated cell (in male) | * Rete testis ciliated cell (in male) | ||
Ductulus efferens ciliated cell (in male) | * Ductulus efferens ciliated cell (in male) | ||
Ciliated ependymal cell of central nervous system (lining brain cavities) | * Ciliated ependymal cell of central nervous system (lining brain cavities) | ||
Extracellular matrix secretion cells | Extracellular matrix secretion cells | ||
Ameloblast epithelial cell (tooth enamel secretion) | * Ameloblast epithelial cell (tooth enamel secretion) | ||
Planum semilunatum epithelial cell of vestibular apparatus of ear (proteoglycan secretion) | * Planum semilunatum epithelial cell of vestibular apparatus of ear (proteoglycan secretion) | ||
Organ of Corti interdental epithelial cell (secreting tectorial membrane covering hair cells) | * Organ of Corti interdental epithelial cell (secreting tectorial membrane covering hair cells) | ||
Loose connective tissue fibroblasts | * Loose connective tissue fibroblasts | ||
Corneal fibroblasts | * Corneal fibroblasts | ||
Tendon fibroblasts | * Tendon fibroblasts | ||
Bone marrow reticular tissue fibroblasts | * Bone marrow reticular tissue fibroblasts | ||
Other nonepithelial fibroblasts | * Other nonepithelial fibroblasts | ||
Pericyte | * Pericyte | ||
Nucleus pulposus cell of intervertebral disc | * Nucleus pulposus cell of intervertebral disc | ||
Cementoblast/cementocyte (tooth root bonelike cementum secretion) | * Cementoblast/cementocyte (tooth root bonelike cementum secretion) | ||
Odontoblast/odontocyte (tooth dentin secretion) | * Odontoblast/odontocyte (tooth dentin secretion) | ||
Hyaline cartilage chondrocyte | * Hyaline cartilage chondrocyte | ||
Fibrocartilage chondrocyte | * Fibrocartilage chondrocyte | ||
Elastic cartilage chondrocyte Osteoblast/osteocyte | * Elastic cartilage chondrocyte Osteoblast/osteocyte | ||
Osteoprogenitor cell (stem cell of osteoblasts) | * Osteoprogenitor cell (stem cell of osteoblasts) | ||
Hyalocyte of vitreous body of eye | * Hyalocyte of vitreous body of eye | ||
Stellate cell of perilymphatic space of ear | * Stellate cell of perilymphatic space of ear | ||
Contractile cells | Contractile cells | ||
Skeletal muscle cells | * Skeletal muscle cells | ||
Red skeletal muscle cell (slow) | * Red skeletal muscle cell (slow) | ||
White skeletal muscle cell (fast) | * White skeletal muscle cell (fast) | ||
Intermediate skeletal muscle cell nuclear bag cell of muscle spindle nuclear chain cell of muscle spindle | * Intermediate skeletal muscle cell nuclear bag cell of muscle spindle nuclear chain cell of muscle spindle | ||
Satellite cell (stem cell) | * Satellite cell (stem cell) | ||
Heart muscle cells | * Heart muscle cells | ||
Ordinary heart muscle cell | * Ordinary heart muscle cell | ||
Nodal heart muscle cell | * Nodal heart muscle cell | ||
Purkinje fiber cell | * Purkinje fiber cell | ||
Smooth muscle cell (various types) | * Smooth muscle cell (various types) | ||
Myoepithelial cell of iris | * Myoepithelial cell of iris | ||
Myoepithelial cell of exocrine glands | * Myoepithelial cell of exocrine glands | ||
Blood and immune system cells | Blood and immune system cells | ||
Erythrocyte (red blood cell) | * Erythrocyte (red blood cell) | ||
Megakaryocyte (platelet precursor) | * Megakaryocyte (platelet precursor) | ||
Monocyte Connective tissue macrophage (various types) | * Monocyte Connective tissue macrophage (various types) | ||
Epidermal Langerhans cell | * Epidermal Langerhans cell | ||
Osteoclast (in bone) | * Osteoclast (in bone) | ||
Dendritic cell (in lymphoid tissues) | * Dendritic cell (in lymphoid tissues) | ||
Microglial cell (in central nervous system) | * Microglial cell (in central nervous system) | ||
Neutrophil granulocyte | * Neutrophil granulocyte | ||
Eosinophil granulocyte | * Eosinophil granulocyte | ||
Basophil granulocyte | * Basophil granulocyte | ||
Mast cell Helper | * Mast cell Helper | ||
T cell Suppressor | * T cell Suppressor | ||
T cell Cytotoxic | * T cell Cytotoxic | ||
T cell Natural | * T cell Natural | ||
Killer T cell | * Killer T cell | ||
B cell | * B cell | ||
Natural killer cell | * Natural killer cell | ||
Reticulocyte | * Reticulocyte | ||
Stem cells and committed progenitors for the blood and immune system (various types) | * Stem cells and committed progenitors for the blood and immune system (various types) | ||
Nervous system Sensory transducer cells | Nervous system Sensory transducer cells | ||
Auditory inner hair cell of organ of Corti | * Auditory inner hair cell of organ of Corti | ||
Auditory outer hair cell of organ of Corti | * Auditory outer hair cell of organ of Corti | ||
Basal cell of olfactory epithelium (stem cell for olfactory neurons) | * Basal cell of olfactory epithelium (stem cell for olfactory neurons) | ||
Cold-sensitive primary sensory neurons | * Cold-sensitive primary sensory neurons | ||
Heat-sensitive primary sensory neurons | * Heat-sensitive primary sensory neurons | ||
Merkel cell of epidermis (touch sensor) | * Merkel cell of epidermis (touch sensor) | ||
Olfactory receptor neuron | * Olfactory receptor neuron | ||
Pain-sensitive primary sensory neurons (various types) | * Pain-sensitive primary sensory neurons (various types) | ||
Photoreceptor cells of retina in eye: | * Photoreceptor cells of retina in eye: | ||
Photoreceptor rod cells | * Photoreceptor rod cells | ||
Photoreceptor blue-sensitive cone cell of eye | * Photoreceptor blue-sensitive cone cell of eye | ||
Photoreceptor green-sensitive cone cell of eye | * Photoreceptor green-sensitive cone cell of eye | ||
Photoreceptor red-sensitive cone cell of eye | * Photoreceptor red-sensitive cone cell of eye | ||
Proprioceptive primary sensory neurons (various types) | * Proprioceptive primary sensory neurons (various types) | ||
Touch-sensitive primary sensory neurons (various types) | * Touch-sensitive primary sensory neurons (various types) | ||
Type I carotid body cell (blood pH sensor) | * Type I carotid body cell (blood pH sensor) | ||
Type II carotid body cell (blood pH sensor) | * Type II carotid body cell (blood pH sensor) | ||
Type I hair cell of vestibular apparatus of ear (acceleration and gravity) | * Type I hair cell of vestibular apparatus of ear (acceleration and gravity) | ||
Type II hair cell of vestibular apparatus of ear (acceleration and gravity) | * Type II hair cell of vestibular apparatus of ear (acceleration and gravity) | ||
Type I taste bud cell | * Type I taste bud cell | ||
Autonomic neuron cells | Autonomic neuron cells | ||
Cholinergic neural cell (various types) | * Cholinergic neural cell (various types) | ||
Adrenergic neural cell (various types) | * Adrenergic neural cell (various types) | ||
Peptidergic neural cell (various types) | * Peptidergic neural cell (various types) | ||
Sense organ and peripheral neuron supporting cells | Sense organ and peripheral neuron supporting cells | ||
Inner pillar cell of organ of Corti | * Inner pillar cell of organ of Corti | ||
Outer pillar cell of organ of Corti | * Outer pillar cell of organ of Corti | ||
Inner phalangeal cell of organ of Corti | * Inner phalangeal cell of organ of Corti | ||
Outer phalangeal cell of organ of Corti | * Outer phalangeal cell of organ of Corti | ||
Border cell of organ of Corti | * Border cell of organ of Corti | ||
Hensen cell of organ of Corti | * Hensen cell of organ of Corti | ||
Vestibular apparatus supporting cell | * Vestibular apparatus supporting cell | ||
Type I taste bud supporting cell | * Type I taste bud supporting cell | ||
Olfactory epithelium supporting cell Schwann cell | * Olfactory epithelium supporting cell Schwann cell | ||
Satellite cell (encapsulating peripheral nerve cell bodies) | * Satellite cell (encapsulating peripheral nerve cell bodies) | ||
Enteric glial cell | * Enteric glial cell | ||
Central nervous system neurons and glial cells | Central nervous system neurons and glial cells | ||
Neuron cells (large variety of types, still poorly classified) | * Neuron cells (large variety of types, still poorly classified) | ||
Spindle neuron | * Spindle neuron | ||
Astrocyte (various types) | * Astrocyte (various types) | ||
Oligodendrocyte | * Oligodendrocyte | ||
Lens cells | Lens cells | ||
Anterior lens epithelial cell | * Anterior lens epithelial cell | ||
Crystallin-containing lens fiber cell | * Crystallin-containing lens fiber cell | ||
Pigment cells | Pigment cells | ||
Melanocyte Retinal pigmented epithelial cell | * Melanocyte Retinal pigmented epithelial cell | ||
Germ cells | Germ cells | ||
Oogonium/Oocyte | * Oogonium/Oocyte | ||
Spermatid Spermatocyte Spermatogonium cell (stem cell for spermatocyte) Spermatozoon | * Spermatid Spermatocyte Spermatogonium cell (stem cell for spermatocyte) Spermatozoon | ||
Nurse cells | Nurse cells | ||
Ovarian follicle cell Sertoli cell (in testis) Thymus epithelial cell | * Ovarian follicle cell Sertoli cell (in testis) Thymus epithelial cell | ||
Interstitial cells | Interstitial cells | ||
Interstitial kidney cells | * Interstitial kidney cells | ||
=Wiki Cell Types= | |||
==Cells that are derived primarily from endoderm== | |||
===Exocrine secretory epithelial cells=== | |||
*Salivary gland mucous cell (polysaccharide-rich secretion) | |||
* Salivary gland number 1 (glycoprotein enzyme-rich secretion) | |||
* Von Ebner's gland cell in tongue (washes taste buds) | |||
* Mammary gland cell (milk secretion) | |||
* Lacrimal gland cell (tear secretion) | |||
* Ceruminous glands|Ceruminous gland cell in ear (earwax secretion) | |||
* Eccrine sweat glands|Eccrine sweat gland dark cell (glycoprotein secretion) | |||
* Eccrine sweat glands|Eccrine sweat gland clear cell (small molecule secretion) | |||
* Apocrine sweat glands|Apocrine sweat gland cell (odoriferous secretion, sex-hormone sensitive) | |||
* Gland of Moll cell in eyelid (specialized sweat gland) | |||
* Sebaceous gland cell (lipid-rich sebum secretion) | |||
*Bowman's gland cell in human nose|nose (washes olfactory epithelium) | |||
*Brunner's gland cell in duodenum (enzymes and alkaline mucus) | |||
*Seminal vesicle cell (secretes seminal fluid components, including fructose for swimming Spermatozoon|sperm) | |||
*Prostate gland cell (secretes seminal fluid components) | |||
*Bulbourethral gland cell (mucus secretion) | |||
*Bartholin's gland cell (vaginal lubricant secretion) | |||
*Urethral gland|Gland of Littre cell (mucus secretion) | |||
*Uterus endometrium cell (carbohydrate secretion) | |||
*Insolated goblet cell of respiratory tract|respiratory and Gastrointestinal tract|digestive tracts (mucus secretion) | |||
*Stomach lining mucous cell (mucus secretion) | |||
*Gastric chief cell|Gastric gland zymogenic cell (pepsinogen secretion) | |||
*Parietal cell - Gastric gland oxyntic cell (hydrochloric acid secretion) | |||
*Pancreatic acinar cell (bicarbonate and digestive enzyme secretion | |||
*Paneth cell of small intestine (lysozyme secretion) | |||
*Type II pneumocyte of human lung (surfactant secretion) | |||
*Club cell of lung | |||
===Hormone-secreting cells=== | |||
*Anterior pituitary cells | |||
** Somatotropes | |||
** Lactotropes | |||
** Thyrotropes | |||
** Gonadotropes | |||
** Corticotropes | |||
*Intermediate pituitary cell, secreting melanocyte-stimulating hormone | |||
*Magnocellular neurosecretory cells | |||
** nonsecreting oxytocin | |||
** secreting vasopressin | |||
*Gut and respiratory tract cells | |||
** secreting serotonin | |||
** secreting endorphin | |||
** secreting somatostatin | |||
** secreting gastrin | |||
** secreting secretin | |||
** nonsecreting cholecystokinin | |||
** secreting insulin | |||
** secreting glucagon | |||
** nonsecreting bombesin | |||
*Thyroid gland cells | |||
** Thyroid epithelial cell | |||
** Parafollicular cell | |||
*Parathyroid gland cells | |||
** Parathyroid chief cell | |||
** Oxyphil cell (parathyroid)|Oxyphil cell | |||
*Adrenal gland cells | |||
** Chromaffin cells | |||
** secreting steroid hormones (mineralocorticoids and gluco corticoids) | |||
*Leydig cell of testes secreting testosterone | |||
*Theca interna cell of ovarian follicle secreting estrogen | |||
*Corpus luteum cell of ruptured ovarian follicle secreting progesterone | |||
**Granulosa lutein cells | |||
**Theca lutein cells | |||
*Juxtaglomerular cell (renin secretion) | |||
*Macula densa cell of kidney | |||
*Peripolar cell of kidney | |||
*Mesangial cell of kidney | |||
*Pancreatic islets (islets of Langerhans) | |||
**Alpha cells (secreting glucagon) | |||
**Beta cells (secreting insulin and amylin) | |||
**Delta cells (secreting somatostatin) | |||
**PP cells (gamma cells) (secreting pancreatic polypeptide) | |||
**Epsilon cells (secreting ghrelin) | |||
==Derived primarily from ectoderm== | |||
===Integumentary system=== | |||
====Keratinizing epithelial cells==== | |||
*Epidermal keratinocyte (differentiating Epidermis (skin)|epidermal cell) | |||
*Epidermal basal cell (stem cell) | |||
*Keratinocyte of fingernails and toenails | |||
*Nail bed basal cell (stem cell) | |||
*Medullary hair shaft cell | |||
*Cortical hair shaft cell | |||
*Cuticular hair shaft cell | |||
*Cuticular hair root sheath cell | |||
*Hair root sheath cell of Huxley's layer | |||
*Hair root sheath cell of Henle's layer | |||
*External hair root sheath cell | |||
*Hair matrix cell (stem cell) | |||
====Wet stratified barrier epithelial cells==== | |||
*Surface epithelial cell of stratified squamous epithelium of cornea, tongue, human oral cavity|oral cavity, esophagus, anal canal, distal urethra and vagina | |||
*basal cell (stem cell) of epithelia of cornea, tongue, oral cavity, esophagus, anal canal, distal urethra and vagina | |||
*Urinary epithelium cell (lining urinary bladder and urinary ducts) | |||
===Nervous system=== | |||
There are nerve cells, also known as neurons, present in our human body. They are branched out. These cells make up nervous tissue. | |||
A neuron consists of a cell body with a nucleus and cytoplasm, from which long thin hair-like parts arise. | |||
====Sensory transducer cells==== | |||
*Hair cell|Auditory inner hair cell of organ of Corti | |||
*Hair cell|Auditory outer hair cell of organ of Corti | |||
*Basal cell of olfactory epithelium (stem cell for olfactory neurons) | |||
*Cold-sensitive primary sensory neurons | |||
*Heat-sensitive primary sensory neurons | |||
*Merkel cell of epidermis (touch sensor) | |||
*Olfactory receptor neuron | |||
*Pain-sensitive primary sensory neurons (various types) | |||
*Photoreceptor cells of retina in human eye|eye: | |||
**Photoreceptor rod cells | |||
**Photoreceptor blue-sensitive cone cell of eye | |||
**Photoreceptor green-sensitive cone cell of eye | |||
**Photoreceptor red-sensitive cone cell of eye | |||
*Proprioceptive primary sensory neurons (various types) | |||
*Touch-sensitive primary sensory neurons (various types) | |||
*Type I carotid body cell (blood pH sensor) | |||
*Type II carotid body cell (blood pH sensor) | |||
*Type I hair cell of vestibular system of ear (acceleration and gravity) | |||
*Type II hair cell of vestibular system of ear (acceleration and gravity) | |||
*Type I taste bud|taste bud cell | |||
====Autonomic neuron cells==== | |||
*Cholinergic neural cell (various types) | |||
*Adrenergic neural cell (various types) | |||
*Peptidergic neural cell (various types) | |||
====Sense organ and peripheral neuron supporting cells==== | |||
*Inner pillar cell of organ of Corti | |||
*Outer pillar cell of organ of Corti | |||
*Inner phalangeal cell of organ of Corti | |||
*Outer phalangeal cell of organ of Corti | |||
*Border cell of organ of Corti | |||
*Hensen cell of organ of Corti | |||
*Vestibular apparatus supporting cell | |||
*Taste bud supporting cell | |||
*Olfactory epithelium supporting cell | |||
*Schwann cell | |||
*Satellite glial cell (encapsulating peripheral nerve cell bodies) | |||
*Enteric glial cell | |||
====Central nervous system neurons and glial cells==== | |||
*Neuron cells (large variety of types, still poorly classified) | |||
**Interneurons | |||
*** Basket cells | |||
*** Stellate cells | |||
*** Golgi cells | |||
*** Granule cells | |||
*** Lugaro cells | |||
*** Unipolar brush cells | |||
*** Martinotti cells | |||
*** Chandelier cells | |||
*** Medium spiny neurons | |||
*** Cajal–Retzius cells | |||
*** Double-bouquet cells | |||
*** Neurogliaform cells | |||
*** Spinal interneuron | |||
**** Renshaw cells | |||
**Principal cells | |||
***Spindle neuron | |||
***Pyramidal cells | |||
****Place cells | |||
****Grid cells | |||
****Speed cells | |||
****Head direction cells | |||
****Betz cells | |||
***Stellate cells | |||
****Boundary cells | |||
*Astrocyte (various types) | |||
*Oligodendrocyte | |||
*Ependymal cells | |||
**Tanycytes | |||
====Lens cells==== | |||
*Anterior lens epithelial cell | |||
*Crystallin-containing lens fiber cell | |||
==Derived primarily from mesoderm== | |||
===Metabolism and storage cells=== | |||
*Adipocytes: | |||
**White adipose tissue|White fat cell | |||
**Brown fat|Brown fat cell | |||
*Liver lipocyte | |||
===Barrier function cells (human lung|lung, Gut (zoology)|gut, exocrine glands and Genito-urinary tract|urogenital tract)=== | |||
====Kidney==== | |||
*Kidney parietal cell | |||
*Kidney glomerulus podocyte | |||
*Kidney proximal tubule brush border cell | |||
*Loop of Henle thin segment cell | |||
*Kidney distal tubule cell | |||
*Collecting duct system|Kidney collecting duct cell | |||
**Collecting duct system#Principal cells|Principal cells | |||
**Collecting duct system#Intercalated cells|Intercalated cells | |||
====Other==== | |||
*Type I pneumocyte (lining air space of lung cell) | |||
*Pancreatic duct cell (centroacinar cell) | |||
*Nonstriated duct cell (of sweat gland, salivary gland, mammary gland, etc.) | |||
**Principal cell | |||
**Intercalated cell | |||
*Duct cell (of seminal vesicle, prostate gland, etc.) | |||
*Intestinal brush border cell (with microvilli) | |||
*Exocrine gland striated duct cell | |||
*Gallbladder#Microscopic anatomy|Gall bladder epithelial cell | |||
*Ductulus efferens nonciliated cell | |||
*Epididymis|Epididymal principal cell | |||
*Epididymis|Epididymal basal cell | |||
*Endothelial cells | |||
===Extracellular matrix cells=== | |||
*Ameloblast|Ameloblast epithelial cell (tooth enamel secretion) | |||
*Planum semilunatum epithelial cell of vestibular system of ear (proteoglycan secretion) | |||
*Organ of Corti interdental epithelial cell (secreting tectorial membrane covering hair cells) | |||
*Loose connective tissue fibroblasts | |||
*Corneal fibroblasts (corneal keratocytes) | |||
*Tendon cell|Tendon fibroblasts | |||
*Bone marrow#Stroma|Bone marrow reticular tissue fibroblasts | |||
*Other nonepithelial fibroblasts | |||
*Pericyte | |||
*Nucleus pulposus cell of intervertebral disc | |||
*Cementoblast/cementocyte (tooth root bonelike ewan cell secretion) | |||
*Odontoblast/odontocyte (tooth dentin secretion) | |||
*Hyaline cartilage chondrocyte | |||
*Fibrocartilage chondrocyte | |||
*Elastic cartilage chondrocyte | |||
*Osteoblast/osteocyte | |||
*Osteoblast#Osteogenesis|Osteoprogenitor cell (stem cell of osteoblasts) | |||
*Hyalocyte of vitreous body of eye | |||
*Stellate cell of perilymphatic space of ear | |||
*Hepatic stellate cell (Ito cell) | |||
*Pancreatic stelle cell | |||
===Contractile cells=== | |||
*Skeletal muscle cell | |||
**Red skeletal muscle cell (slow) | |||
**White skeletal muscle cell (fast) | |||
**Intermediate skeletal muscle cell | |||
** Nuclear bag cell of muscle spindle | |||
**Nuclear chain cell of muscle spindle | |||
* Satellite cell (stem cell) | |||
*Heart muscle cells | |||
**Ordinary Myocardiocyte|heart muscle cell | |||
**Nodal heart muscle cell | |||
**Purkinje fiber cell | |||
*Smooth muscle cell (various types) | |||
*Myoepithelial cell of Iris (anatomy)|iris | |||
*Myoepithelial cell of exocrine glands | |||
===Blood and immune system cells=== | |||
*Erythrocyte (red blood cell) | |||
*Megakaryocyte (platelet precursor) | |||
*Monocyte (white blood cell ) | |||
*Connective tissue macrophage (various types) | |||
*Epidermal Langerhans cell | |||
*Osteoclast (in bone) | |||
*Dendritic cell (in lymphoid tissues) | |||
*Microglial cell (in central nervous system) | |||
*Neutrophil granulocyte | |||
*Eosinophil granulocyte | |||
*Basophil granulocyte | |||
*Hybridoma technology|Hybridoma cell | |||
*Mast cell | |||
*Helper T cell | |||
*Suppressor T cell | |||
*Cytotoxic T cell | |||
*Natural killer T cell | |||
*B cell | |||
*Natural killer cell | |||
*Reticulocyte | |||
*Stem cells and Progenitor cells|committed progenitors for the blood and immune system (various types) | |||
===Germ cells=== | |||
*Ovum|Oogonium/Oocyte | |||
*Spermatid | |||
*Spermatocyte | |||
*Spermatogonium cell (stem cell for spermatocyte) | |||
*Spermatozoon | |||
===Nurse cell=== | |||
*Ovarian follicle cell | |||
*Sertoli cell (in testis) | |||
*Thymus epithelial cell | |||
===Interstitial cells=== | |||
*Interstitial kidney cells | |||
==See also== | |||
* List of organs of the human body | |||
* List of systems of the human body | |||
==References== | |||
<references /> | |||
==External links== | |||
{{Commonscat|Human cells}} | |||
*[http://neurolex.org/wiki/Cell_Types_With_Definitions Types of neurons from NeuroLex] | |||
*[http://www.copewithcytokines.de/cope.cgi?key=cell%20types Eukaryotic cell types in COPE database]. | |||
{{Human cell types derived primarily from endoderm}} | |||
{{Human cell types derived primarily from mesoderm}} | |||
{{Human cell types derived primarily from ectoderm}} | |||
==All Systems== | |||
* Cardiovascular | |||
* Body Cavities | |||
* Endocrine | |||
* Gastrointestinal | |||
* Genital | |||
* Head | |||
* Immune | |||
* Integumentary | |||
* Musculoskeletal | |||
* Neural | |||
* Neural Crest | |||
* Placenta | |||
* Renal | |||
* Respiratory | |||
* Sensory | |||
Revision as of 16:02, 28 July 2017
Search pubmed images add - &report=imagesdocsum
--Mark Hill 18:48, 27 August 2011 (EST) Add Connective Tissue Development
Adult Human Distinct Cell Types
MBoC - There are about 210 known distinct human cell types.
Integumentary system
- Keratinizing epithelial cells
- Epidermal keratinocyte (differentiating epidermal cell) Epidermal basal cell (stem cell) Keratinocyte of fingernails and toenails Nail bed basal cell (stem cell)
Medullary hair shaft cell
Cortical hair shaft cell Cuticular hair shaft cell Cuticular hair root sheath cell Hair root sheath cell of Huxley's layer Hair root sheath cell of Henle's layer External hair root sheath cell Hair matrix cell (stem cell)
Wet stratified barrier epithelial cells Surface epithelial cell of stratified squamous epithelium of cornea, tongue, oral cavity, esophagus, anal canal, distal urethra and vagina basal cell (stem cell) of epithelia of cornea, tongue, oral cavity, esophagus, anal canal, distal urethra and vagina Urinary epithelium cell (lining urinary bladder and urinary ducts)
Exocrine secretory epithelial cells
- Salivary gland mucous cell (polysaccharide-rich secretion)
- Salivary gland serous cell (glycoprotein enzyme-rich secretion)
- Von Ebner's gland cell in tongue (washes taste buds)
- Mammary gland cell (milk secretion)
- Lacrimal gland cell (tear secretion)
- Ceruminous gland cell in ear (wax secretion)
- Eccrine sweat gland dark cell (glycoprotein secretion)
- Eccrine sweat gland clear cell (small molecule secretion)
- Apocrine sweat gland cell (odoriferous secretion, sex-hormone sensitive)
- Gland of Moll cell in eyelid (specialized sweat gland)
- Sebaceous gland cell (lipid-rich sebum secretion)
- Bowman's gland cell in nose (washes olfactory epithelium)
- Brunner's gland cell in duodenum (enzymes and alkaline mucus)
- Seminal vesicle cell (secretes seminal fluid components, including fructose for swimming sperm)
- Prostate gland cell (secretes seminal fluid components)
- Bulbourethral gland cell (mucus secretion)
- Bartholin's gland cell (vaginal lubricant secretion)
- Gland of Littre cell (mucus secretion)
- Uterus endometrium cell (carbohydrate secretion)
- Isolated goblet cell of respiratory and digestive tracts (mucus secretion) Stomach lining mucous cell (mucus secretion)
- Gastric gland zymogenic cell (pepsinogen secretion)
- Gastric gland oxyntic cell (hydrochloric acid secretion)
- Pancreatic acinar cell (bicarbonate and digestive enzyme secretion)
- Paneth cell of small intestine (lysozyme secretion)
- Type II pneumocyte of lung (surfactant secretion) Clara cell of lung
Hormone secreting cells
- Anterior pituitary cells Somatotropes
- Lactotropes
- Thyrotropes Gonadotropes Corticotropes
- Intermediate pituitary cell, secreting melanocyte-stimulating hormone Magnocellular neurosecretory cells
- secreting oxytocin
- secreting vasopressin Gut and respiratory tract cells
- secreting serotonin secreting endorphin secreting somatostatin secreting gastrin secreting secretin secreting cholecystokinin secreting insulin secreting glucagon secreting bombesin
- Thyroid gland cells thyroid epithelial cell
- parafollicular cell Parathyroid gland cells
- Parathyroid chief cell
- Oxyphil cell Adrenal gland cells
- chromaffin cells
- secreting steroid hormones (mineralcorticoids and gluco corticoids) Leydig cell of testes secreting testosterone Theca interna cell of ovarian follicle secreting oestrogen
- Corpus luteum cell of ruptured ovarian follicle secreting progesterone
- Granulosa lutein cells
- Theca lutein cells
- Juxtaglomerular cell (renin secretion)
- Macula densa cell of kidney
- Peripolar cell of kidney
- Mesangial cell of kidney
Metabolism and storage cells
- Hepatocyte (liver cell) White fat cell Brown fat cell Liver lipocyte
Barrier function cells (Lung, Gut, Exocrine Glands and Urogenital Tract)
Kidney
- Kidney glomerulus parietal cell
- Kidney glomerulus podocyte
- Kidney proximal tubule brush border cell
- Loop of Henle thin segment cell
- Kidney distal tubule cell
- Kidney collecting duct cell
Other
- Type I pneumocyte (lining air space of lung)
- Pancreatic duct cell (centroacinar cell)
- Nonstriated duct cell (of sweat gland, salivary gland, mammary gland, etc.)
- principal cell
- Intercalated cell Duct cell (of seminal vesicle, prostate gland, etc.)
- Intestinal brush border cell (with microvilli)
- Exocrine gland striated duct cell
- Gall bladder epithelial cell
- Ductulus efferens nonciliated cell
- Epididymal principal cell
- Epididymal basal cell
Epithelial cells lining closed internal body cavities
- Blood vessel and lymphatic vascular endothelial fenestrated cell
- Blood vessel and lymphatic vascular endothelial continuous cell
- Blood vessel and lymphatic vascular endothelial splenic cell
- Synovial cell (lining joint cavities, hyaluronic acid secretion)
Serosal cell (lining peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities) Squamous cell (lining perilymphatic space of ear) Squamous cell (lining endolymphatic space of ear) Columnar cell of endolymphatic sac with microvilli (lining endolymphatic space of ear) Columnar cell of endolymphatic sac without microvilli (lining endolymphatic space of ear) Dark cell (lining endolymphatic space of ear) Vestibular membrane cell (lining endolymphatic space of ear) Stria vascularis basal cell (lining endolymphatic space of ear) Stria vascularis marginal cell (lining endolymphatic space of ear) Cell of Claudius (lining endolymphatic space of ear) Cell of Boettcher (lining endolymphatic space of ear) Choroid plexus cell (cerebrospinal fluid secretion) Pia-arachnoid squamous cell Pigmented ciliary epithelium cell of eye Nonpigmented ciliary epithelium cell of eye Corneal endothelial cell
Ciliated cells with propulsive function
- Respiratory tract ciliated cell
- Oviduct ciliated cell (in female)
- Uterine endometrial ciliated cell (in female)
- Rete testis ciliated cell (in male)
- Ductulus efferens ciliated cell (in male)
- Ciliated ependymal cell of central nervous system (lining brain cavities)
Extracellular matrix secretion cells
- Ameloblast epithelial cell (tooth enamel secretion)
- Planum semilunatum epithelial cell of vestibular apparatus of ear (proteoglycan secretion)
- Organ of Corti interdental epithelial cell (secreting tectorial membrane covering hair cells)
- Loose connective tissue fibroblasts
- Corneal fibroblasts
- Tendon fibroblasts
- Bone marrow reticular tissue fibroblasts
- Other nonepithelial fibroblasts
- Pericyte
- Nucleus pulposus cell of intervertebral disc
- Cementoblast/cementocyte (tooth root bonelike cementum secretion)
- Odontoblast/odontocyte (tooth dentin secretion)
- Hyaline cartilage chondrocyte
- Fibrocartilage chondrocyte
- Elastic cartilage chondrocyte Osteoblast/osteocyte
- Osteoprogenitor cell (stem cell of osteoblasts)
- Hyalocyte of vitreous body of eye
- Stellate cell of perilymphatic space of ear
Contractile cells
- Skeletal muscle cells
- Red skeletal muscle cell (slow)
- White skeletal muscle cell (fast)
- Intermediate skeletal muscle cell nuclear bag cell of muscle spindle nuclear chain cell of muscle spindle
- Satellite cell (stem cell)
- Heart muscle cells
- Ordinary heart muscle cell
- Nodal heart muscle cell
- Purkinje fiber cell
- Smooth muscle cell (various types)
- Myoepithelial cell of iris
- Myoepithelial cell of exocrine glands
Blood and immune system cells
- Erythrocyte (red blood cell)
- Megakaryocyte (platelet precursor)
- Monocyte Connective tissue macrophage (various types)
- Epidermal Langerhans cell
- Osteoclast (in bone)
- Dendritic cell (in lymphoid tissues)
- Microglial cell (in central nervous system)
- Neutrophil granulocyte
- Eosinophil granulocyte
- Basophil granulocyte
- Mast cell Helper
- T cell Suppressor
- T cell Cytotoxic
- T cell Natural
- Killer T cell
- B cell
- Natural killer cell
- Reticulocyte
- Stem cells and committed progenitors for the blood and immune system (various types)
Nervous system Sensory transducer cells
- Auditory inner hair cell of organ of Corti
- Auditory outer hair cell of organ of Corti
- Basal cell of olfactory epithelium (stem cell for olfactory neurons)
- Cold-sensitive primary sensory neurons
- Heat-sensitive primary sensory neurons
- Merkel cell of epidermis (touch sensor)
- Olfactory receptor neuron
- Pain-sensitive primary sensory neurons (various types)
- Photoreceptor cells of retina in eye:
- Photoreceptor rod cells
- Photoreceptor blue-sensitive cone cell of eye
- Photoreceptor green-sensitive cone cell of eye
- Photoreceptor red-sensitive cone cell of eye
- Proprioceptive primary sensory neurons (various types)
- Touch-sensitive primary sensory neurons (various types)
- Type I carotid body cell (blood pH sensor)
- Type II carotid body cell (blood pH sensor)
- Type I hair cell of vestibular apparatus of ear (acceleration and gravity)
- Type II hair cell of vestibular apparatus of ear (acceleration and gravity)
- Type I taste bud cell
Autonomic neuron cells
- Cholinergic neural cell (various types)
- Adrenergic neural cell (various types)
- Peptidergic neural cell (various types)
Sense organ and peripheral neuron supporting cells
- Inner pillar cell of organ of Corti
- Outer pillar cell of organ of Corti
- Inner phalangeal cell of organ of Corti
- Outer phalangeal cell of organ of Corti
- Border cell of organ of Corti
- Hensen cell of organ of Corti
- Vestibular apparatus supporting cell
- Type I taste bud supporting cell
- Olfactory epithelium supporting cell Schwann cell
- Satellite cell (encapsulating peripheral nerve cell bodies)
- Enteric glial cell
Central nervous system neurons and glial cells
- Neuron cells (large variety of types, still poorly classified)
- Spindle neuron
- Astrocyte (various types)
- Oligodendrocyte
Lens cells
- Anterior lens epithelial cell
- Crystallin-containing lens fiber cell
Pigment cells
- Melanocyte Retinal pigmented epithelial cell
Germ cells
- Oogonium/Oocyte
- Spermatid Spermatocyte Spermatogonium cell (stem cell for spermatocyte) Spermatozoon
Nurse cells
- Ovarian follicle cell Sertoli cell (in testis) Thymus epithelial cell
Interstitial cells
- Interstitial kidney cells
Wiki Cell Types
Cells that are derived primarily from endoderm
Exocrine secretory epithelial cells
- Salivary gland mucous cell (polysaccharide-rich secretion)
- Salivary gland number 1 (glycoprotein enzyme-rich secretion)
- Von Ebner's gland cell in tongue (washes taste buds)
- Mammary gland cell (milk secretion)
- Lacrimal gland cell (tear secretion)
- Ceruminous glands|Ceruminous gland cell in ear (earwax secretion)
- Eccrine sweat glands|Eccrine sweat gland dark cell (glycoprotein secretion)
- Eccrine sweat glands|Eccrine sweat gland clear cell (small molecule secretion)
- Apocrine sweat glands|Apocrine sweat gland cell (odoriferous secretion, sex-hormone sensitive)
- Gland of Moll cell in eyelid (specialized sweat gland)
- Sebaceous gland cell (lipid-rich sebum secretion)
- Bowman's gland cell in human nose|nose (washes olfactory epithelium)
- Brunner's gland cell in duodenum (enzymes and alkaline mucus)
- Seminal vesicle cell (secretes seminal fluid components, including fructose for swimming Spermatozoon|sperm)
- Prostate gland cell (secretes seminal fluid components)
- Bulbourethral gland cell (mucus secretion)
- Bartholin's gland cell (vaginal lubricant secretion)
- Urethral gland|Gland of Littre cell (mucus secretion)
- Uterus endometrium cell (carbohydrate secretion)
- Insolated goblet cell of respiratory tract|respiratory and Gastrointestinal tract|digestive tracts (mucus secretion)
- Stomach lining mucous cell (mucus secretion)
- Gastric chief cell|Gastric gland zymogenic cell (pepsinogen secretion)
- Parietal cell - Gastric gland oxyntic cell (hydrochloric acid secretion)
- Pancreatic acinar cell (bicarbonate and digestive enzyme secretion
- Paneth cell of small intestine (lysozyme secretion)
- Type II pneumocyte of human lung (surfactant secretion)
- Club cell of lung
Hormone-secreting cells
- Anterior pituitary cells
- Somatotropes
- Lactotropes
- Thyrotropes
- Gonadotropes
- Corticotropes
- Intermediate pituitary cell, secreting melanocyte-stimulating hormone
- Magnocellular neurosecretory cells
- nonsecreting oxytocin
- secreting vasopressin
- Gut and respiratory tract cells
- secreting serotonin
- secreting endorphin
- secreting somatostatin
- secreting gastrin
- secreting secretin
- nonsecreting cholecystokinin
- secreting insulin
- secreting glucagon
- nonsecreting bombesin
- Thyroid gland cells
- Thyroid epithelial cell
- Parafollicular cell
- Parathyroid gland cells
- Parathyroid chief cell
- Oxyphil cell (parathyroid)|Oxyphil cell
- Adrenal gland cells
- Chromaffin cells
- secreting steroid hormones (mineralocorticoids and gluco corticoids)
- Leydig cell of testes secreting testosterone
- Theca interna cell of ovarian follicle secreting estrogen
- Corpus luteum cell of ruptured ovarian follicle secreting progesterone
- Granulosa lutein cells
- Theca lutein cells
- Juxtaglomerular cell (renin secretion)
- Macula densa cell of kidney
- Peripolar cell of kidney
- Mesangial cell of kidney
- Pancreatic islets (islets of Langerhans)
- Alpha cells (secreting glucagon)
- Beta cells (secreting insulin and amylin)
- Delta cells (secreting somatostatin)
- PP cells (gamma cells) (secreting pancreatic polypeptide)
- Epsilon cells (secreting ghrelin)
Derived primarily from ectoderm
Integumentary system
Keratinizing epithelial cells
- Epidermal keratinocyte (differentiating Epidermis (skin)|epidermal cell)
- Epidermal basal cell (stem cell)
- Keratinocyte of fingernails and toenails
- Nail bed basal cell (stem cell)
- Medullary hair shaft cell
- Cortical hair shaft cell
- Cuticular hair shaft cell
- Cuticular hair root sheath cell
- Hair root sheath cell of Huxley's layer
- Hair root sheath cell of Henle's layer
- External hair root sheath cell
- Hair matrix cell (stem cell)
Wet stratified barrier epithelial cells
- Surface epithelial cell of stratified squamous epithelium of cornea, tongue, human oral cavity|oral cavity, esophagus, anal canal, distal urethra and vagina
- basal cell (stem cell) of epithelia of cornea, tongue, oral cavity, esophagus, anal canal, distal urethra and vagina
- Urinary epithelium cell (lining urinary bladder and urinary ducts)
Nervous system
There are nerve cells, also known as neurons, present in our human body. They are branched out. These cells make up nervous tissue. A neuron consists of a cell body with a nucleus and cytoplasm, from which long thin hair-like parts arise.
Sensory transducer cells
- Hair cell|Auditory inner hair cell of organ of Corti
- Hair cell|Auditory outer hair cell of organ of Corti
- Basal cell of olfactory epithelium (stem cell for olfactory neurons)
- Cold-sensitive primary sensory neurons
- Heat-sensitive primary sensory neurons
- Merkel cell of epidermis (touch sensor)
- Olfactory receptor neuron
- Pain-sensitive primary sensory neurons (various types)
- Photoreceptor cells of retina in human eye|eye:
- Photoreceptor rod cells
- Photoreceptor blue-sensitive cone cell of eye
- Photoreceptor green-sensitive cone cell of eye
- Photoreceptor red-sensitive cone cell of eye
- Proprioceptive primary sensory neurons (various types)
- Touch-sensitive primary sensory neurons (various types)
- Type I carotid body cell (blood pH sensor)
- Type II carotid body cell (blood pH sensor)
- Type I hair cell of vestibular system of ear (acceleration and gravity)
- Type II hair cell of vestibular system of ear (acceleration and gravity)
- Type I taste bud|taste bud cell
Autonomic neuron cells
- Cholinergic neural cell (various types)
- Adrenergic neural cell (various types)
- Peptidergic neural cell (various types)
Sense organ and peripheral neuron supporting cells
- Inner pillar cell of organ of Corti
- Outer pillar cell of organ of Corti
- Inner phalangeal cell of organ of Corti
- Outer phalangeal cell of organ of Corti
- Border cell of organ of Corti
- Hensen cell of organ of Corti
- Vestibular apparatus supporting cell
- Taste bud supporting cell
- Olfactory epithelium supporting cell
- Schwann cell
- Satellite glial cell (encapsulating peripheral nerve cell bodies)
- Enteric glial cell
Central nervous system neurons and glial cells
- Neuron cells (large variety of types, still poorly classified)
- Interneurons
- Basket cells
- Stellate cells
- Golgi cells
- Granule cells
- Lugaro cells
- Unipolar brush cells
- Martinotti cells
- Chandelier cells
- Medium spiny neurons
- Cajal–Retzius cells
- Double-bouquet cells
- Neurogliaform cells
- Spinal interneuron
- Renshaw cells
- Principal cells
- Spindle neuron
- Pyramidal cells
- Place cells
- Grid cells
- Speed cells
- Head direction cells
- Betz cells
- Stellate cells
- Boundary cells
- Interneurons
- Astrocyte (various types)
- Oligodendrocyte
- Ependymal cells
- Tanycytes
Lens cells
- Anterior lens epithelial cell
- Crystallin-containing lens fiber cell
Derived primarily from mesoderm
Metabolism and storage cells
- Adipocytes:
- White adipose tissue|White fat cell
- Brown fat|Brown fat cell
- Liver lipocyte
Barrier function cells (human lung|lung, Gut (zoology)|gut, exocrine glands and Genito-urinary tract|urogenital tract)
Kidney
- Kidney parietal cell
- Kidney glomerulus podocyte
- Kidney proximal tubule brush border cell
- Loop of Henle thin segment cell
- Kidney distal tubule cell
- Collecting duct system|Kidney collecting duct cell
- Collecting duct system#Principal cells|Principal cells
- Collecting duct system#Intercalated cells|Intercalated cells
Other
- Type I pneumocyte (lining air space of lung cell)
- Pancreatic duct cell (centroacinar cell)
- Nonstriated duct cell (of sweat gland, salivary gland, mammary gland, etc.)
- Principal cell
- Intercalated cell
- Duct cell (of seminal vesicle, prostate gland, etc.)
- Intestinal brush border cell (with microvilli)
- Exocrine gland striated duct cell
- Gallbladder#Microscopic anatomy|Gall bladder epithelial cell
- Ductulus efferens nonciliated cell
- Epididymis|Epididymal principal cell
- Epididymis|Epididymal basal cell
- Endothelial cells
Extracellular matrix cells
- Ameloblast|Ameloblast epithelial cell (tooth enamel secretion)
- Planum semilunatum epithelial cell of vestibular system of ear (proteoglycan secretion)
- Organ of Corti interdental epithelial cell (secreting tectorial membrane covering hair cells)
- Loose connective tissue fibroblasts
- Corneal fibroblasts (corneal keratocytes)
- Tendon cell|Tendon fibroblasts
- Bone marrow#Stroma|Bone marrow reticular tissue fibroblasts
- Other nonepithelial fibroblasts
- Pericyte
- Nucleus pulposus cell of intervertebral disc
- Cementoblast/cementocyte (tooth root bonelike ewan cell secretion)
- Odontoblast/odontocyte (tooth dentin secretion)
- Hyaline cartilage chondrocyte
- Fibrocartilage chondrocyte
- Elastic cartilage chondrocyte
- Osteoblast/osteocyte
- Osteoblast#Osteogenesis|Osteoprogenitor cell (stem cell of osteoblasts)
- Hyalocyte of vitreous body of eye
- Stellate cell of perilymphatic space of ear
- Hepatic stellate cell (Ito cell)
- Pancreatic stelle cell
Contractile cells
- Skeletal muscle cell
- Red skeletal muscle cell (slow)
- White skeletal muscle cell (fast)
- Intermediate skeletal muscle cell
- Nuclear bag cell of muscle spindle
- Nuclear chain cell of muscle spindle
- Satellite cell (stem cell)
- Heart muscle cells
- Ordinary Myocardiocyte|heart muscle cell
- Nodal heart muscle cell
- Purkinje fiber cell
- Smooth muscle cell (various types)
- Myoepithelial cell of Iris (anatomy)|iris
- Myoepithelial cell of exocrine glands
Blood and immune system cells
- Erythrocyte (red blood cell)
- Megakaryocyte (platelet precursor)
- Monocyte (white blood cell )
- Connective tissue macrophage (various types)
- Epidermal Langerhans cell
- Osteoclast (in bone)
- Dendritic cell (in lymphoid tissues)
- Microglial cell (in central nervous system)
- Neutrophil granulocyte
- Eosinophil granulocyte
- Basophil granulocyte
- Hybridoma technology|Hybridoma cell
- Mast cell
- Helper T cell
- Suppressor T cell
- Cytotoxic T cell
- Natural killer T cell
- B cell
- Natural killer cell
- Reticulocyte
- Stem cells and Progenitor cells|committed progenitors for the blood and immune system (various types)
Germ cells
- Ovum|Oogonium/Oocyte
- Spermatid
- Spermatocyte
- Spermatogonium cell (stem cell for spermatocyte)
- Spermatozoon
Nurse cell
- Ovarian follicle cell
- Sertoli cell (in testis)
- Thymus epithelial cell
Interstitial cells
- Interstitial kidney cells
See also
- List of organs of the human body
- List of systems of the human body
References
External links
Template:Human cell types derived primarily from endoderm Template:Human cell types derived primarily from mesoderm Template:Human cell types derived primarily from ectoderm
All Systems
- Cardiovascular
- Body Cavities
- Endocrine
- Gastrointestinal
- Genital
- Head
- Immune
- Integumentary
- Musculoskeletal
- Neural
- Neural Crest
- Placenta
- Renal
- Respiratory
- Sensory
