Talk:Gastrointestinal Tract - Stomach Development: Difference between revisions
| Line 121: | Line 121: | ||
|} | |} | ||
== Abnormalities == | == Abnormalities == | ||
* Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis | * Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis | ||
Revision as of 08:29, 22 August 2010
Gastrointestinal Tract - Stomach
Introduction
This section of notes gives an overview of how the stomach and duodenum develops. The GIT is best imagined as a simple tube, the upper part being the foregut diverticulum, which is further divided into oesophagus and stomach.
| File:Stomach.jpg | |
During week 4 where the stomach will form the tube begins to dilate, forming an enlarged lumen in the tube. Dorsal border grows more rapidly than ventral, which establishes the greater curvature of the stomach. A second rotation (of 90 degrees) occurs on the longitudinal axis establishing the adult orientation of the stomach.
Some Recent Findings
Shin M, Noji S, Neubuser A, Yasugi S. FGF10 is required for cell proliferation and gland formation in the stomach epithelium of the chicken embryo. Dev Biol. 2006 Jun 1;294(1):11-23.
"The development of digestive organs in vertebrates involves active epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. In the chicken proventriculus (glandular stomach), the morphogenesis and cytodifferentiation of the epithelium are controlled by the inductive signaling factors that are secreted from the underlying mesenchyme. ... FGF10 signaling, mediated by FGFR1b and/or FGFR2b, is required for proliferation and gland formation in the epithelium in the developing chick embryo."
Stage 13/14 Stomach
| File:St1314sm.gif | File:D2st13stom.gif | File:D3lst13stom.gif | File:D4st13stom.gif |
| View through osophageal pyloric region at top of stomach.(base of R. and L. lung buds) | Beginning of stomach rotation. Broad dorsal mesogastrium, narrow ventral mesogastrium. Cavity beneath stomach is the omentum bursa. | Section through the body of the stomach. Dorsal mesogastrium beneath the omentum bursa will form greater omentum. | |
| File:D5st13stom.gif | File:D6st13stom.gif | File:D7st13stom.gif | |
| Section through the body of the stomach. | Section at the stomach duodenal junction. |
Stage 22 Stomach
| File:St22hum.gif | File:E6lst22stom.gif | File:E7lst22stom.gif |
| Note thick muscular wall of stomach body and change in lumen shape between pyloris and duodenum. | ||
| File:F1lst22stom.gif | File:F2lst22stom.gif | File:F3lst22stom.gif |
| File:F4lst22stom.gif | File:F5lst22stom.gif | |
Greater Omentum
The greater omentum hangs like an apron over the small intestine and transverse colon. It begins attacted to the inferior end of the stomach as a fold of the dorsal mesogastrium which later fuses to form the structure we recognise anatomically. The figure below shows a lateral view of this process comparing the early second trimester arrangement with the newborn structure. (More? [git12.htm GIT Folding])
Stomach Development Movies
| File:Stomrot.jpg[../Movies/larsen/stomrot.mov Stomach Rotation] (326 Kb) | File:Stomrot2.jpg[../Movies/larsen/stomrot2.mov Stomach Rotation ]large version (620 Kb) |
| File:LessersacA.jpg[../Movies/larsen/lessersacA.mov Lesser Sac ]superior view (104 Kb) | File:LessersacB.jpg[../Movies/larsen/lessersacB.mov Lesser Sac] ventrolateral view (408 Kb) |
3D Model Movies
The following are links to 3D reconstruction animations of serial images of the gastrointestinal tract at an early and late embryonic stage. (More? [3dmodel.htm 3D Model Movies])
Stage 13/14 Embryo: [../Movies/GIT3dmodel.htm Gastrointestinal Tract]
Stage 22 Embryo: [../Movies/GIT3dmodelst22.htm Gastrointestinal Tract]
Adult Stomach Position
| File:Stomach-position.jpg | Movie of anatomical position of the erect adult stomach position on filling, based upon historic drawings.
Quicktime: [../Movies/git/adult_stomach_position.mov adult_stomach_position.mov (36 Kb)] |
Abnormalities
- Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
- duodenal atresia
- duodenal stenosis
References
Reviews
Fukuda K, Yasugi S. The molecular mechanisms of stomach development in vertebrates. Dev Growth Differ. 2005 Aug;47(6):375-82.
Yasugi S. Regulation of pepsinogen gene expression in epithelial cells of vertebrate stomach during development. Int J Dev Biol. 1994 Jun;38(2):273-9.
Johnson LR. Functional development of the stomach. Annu Rev Physiol. 1985;47:199-215.
Deren JS. Development of structure and function in the fetal and newborn stomach. Am J Clin Nutr. 1971 Jan;24(1):144-59.
Articles
Shin M, Noji S, Neubuser A, Yasugi S. FGF10 is required for cell proliferation and gland formation in the stomach epithelium of the chicken embryo. Dev Biol. 2006 Jun 1;294(1):11-23.
Yasugi S. Epithelial cell differentiation during stomach development. Hum Cell. 2000 Dec;13(4):177-84.
Search PubMed Now: stomach development
WWW Links
Indiana University animation showing Development of the Stomach, Omenta and Duodenum Discussion of the development of the stomach from the foregut, the omenta development from the mesenteries, and the rotational movements of the stomach and duodenum.(approx. 2 minutes)
