Talk:Endocrine - Parathyroid Development

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  • Parathyroid Hormone - Increase calcium ions [Ca2+], stimulates osteoclasts, increase Ca GIT absorption (opposite effect to calcitonin)
  • Adult Calcium and Phosphate - Daily turnover in human with dietary intake of 1000 mg/day
  • secreted by chief cells

Principal cells cords of cells


References

Parathyroid Hormone Stimulates Circulating Osteogenic Cells in Hypoparathyroidism

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010 Sep 29. [Epub ahead of print]

Rubin MR, Manavalan JS, Dempster DW, Shah J, Cremers S, Kousteni S, Zhou H, McMahon DJ, Kode A, Sliney J, Shane E, Silverberg SJ, Bilezikian JP.

Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolic Bone Diseases Unit, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032. Abstract Context: The osteoanabolic properties of PTH may be due to increases in the number and maturity of circulating osteogenic cells. Hypoparathyroidism is a useful clinical model because this hypothesis can be tested by administering PTH. Objective: The objective of the study was to characterize circulating osteogenic cells in hypoparathyroid subjects during 12 months of PTH (1-84) administration. Design: Osteogenic cells were characterized using flow cytometry and antibodies against osteocalcin, an osteoblast-specific protein product, and stem cell markers CD34 and CD146. Changes in bone formation from biochemical markers and quadruple-labeled transiliac crest bone biopsies (0 and 3 month time points) were correlated with measurements of circulating osteogenic cells. Setting: The study was conducted at a clinical research center. Patients: Nineteen control and 19 hypoparathyroid patients were included in the study. Intervention: Intervention included the administration of PTH (1-84). Results: Osteocalcin-positive cells were lower in hypoparathyroid subjects than controls (0.7 ± 0.1 vs. 2.0 ± 0.1%; P < 0.0001), with greater coexpression of the early cell markers CD34 and CD146 among the osteocalcin-positive cells in the hypoparathyroid subjects (11.0 ± 1.0 vs. 5.6 ± 0.7%; P < 0.001). With PTH (1-84) administration, the number of osteogenic cells increased 3-fold (P < 0.0001), whereas the coexpression of the early cell markers CD34 and CD146 decreased. Increases in osteogenic cells correlated with circulating and histomorphometric indices of osteoblast function: N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (R(2) = 0.4, P ≤ 0.001), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (R(2) = 0.3, P < 0.001), osteocalcin (R(2) = 0.4, P < 0.001), mineralized perimeter (R(2) = 0.5, P < 0.001), mineral apposition rate (R(2) = 0.4, P = 0.003), and bone formation rate (R(2) = 0.5, P < 0.001). Conclusions: It is likely that PTH stimulates bone formation by stimulating osteoblast development and maturation. Correlations between circulating osteogenic cells and histomorphometric indices of bone formation establish that osteoblast activity is being identified by this methodology.

PMID: 20881259 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20881259

Parathyroid hormone-related protein regulates glioma-associated oncogene transcriptional activation: lessons learned from bone development and cartilage neoplasia

Alman BA, Wunder JS. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2008 Nov;1144:36-41. Review. PMID: 19076361

Parathyroid hormone-related protein in cardiovascular development and blood pressure regulation

Massfelder T, Helwig JJ. Endocrinology. 1999 Apr;140(4):1507-10. Review. No abstract available. PMID: 10098481

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10098520

Parathyroid hormone-related peptide and the parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor in skeletal development

Karaplis AC, Vautour L. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 1997 Jul;6(4):308-13. Review. PMID: 9263678

Parathyroid hormone-related protein and its role in pregnancy, lactation, and neonatal growth and development. Cooper CW. Eur J Endocrinol. 1997 May;136(5):465-6. Review. No abstract available. PMID: 9186263

Parathyroid hormone-related protein. An analog of parathyroid hormone involved in regulation of growth, development, and gestation. Rizzoli R. Rev Rhum Engl Ed. 1996 Feb;63(2):79-82. Review. No abstract available. PMID: 8689291