Talk:Carnegie stage 17

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Secondary neurulation of human embryos: morphological changes and the expression of neuronal antigens

Childs Nerv Syst. 2014 Jan;30(1):73-82. doi: 10.1007/s00381-013-2192-7. Epub 2013 Jun 13.

Yang HJ, Lee DH, Lee YJ, Chi JG, Lee JY, Phi JH, Kim SK, Cho BK, Wang KC. Author information

Abstract PURPOSE: The morphological changes and expression patterns of neuronal antigens of human embryos, obtained from the therapeutic termination of pregnancy or from surgical procedures, were analyzed in order to characterize the secondary neurulation. METHODS: A total of 21 human embryos from Carnegie stages 12 to 23 and two fetuses in early stages were studied. The markers used for immunohistochemical study were neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM), neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN), neurofilament-associated protein (3A10), synaptophysin, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). RESULTS: The formation of the caudal neural tube to the tip of the caudal portion of the embryo was finished at stage 17. The postcloacal gut had completely disappeared at stage 18, and multiple cavities of the caudal neural tube were clearly visible. The caudal portion of the neural tube showed findings suggestive of involution at stage 19. The expression patterns of neuronal antigens were as follows: N-CAM and NeuN showed immunoreactivity at the germinal layer of the spinal cord at stages 17 and 18. Neurofilament-associated protein (3A10) showed persistent immunoreactivity at the caudal cell mass and notochord during the observation period, along with the spinal cord, and the positive reactions were mainly located at the dorsal white matter at stage 17. Synaptophysin showed a weak positive reaction at the caudal cell mass and notochord at stages 13 and 14, evident by staining observed at the spinal cord at stages 15 and 16. There was no definite positive reaction for GFAP. CONCLUSIONS: These characteristic patterns might be helpful for the understanding of human congenital anomalies involving secondary neurulation processes. PMID 23760472

Carnegie Embryos

17	353	1906
17	485	1911
17	544	1911
17	562	1912
17	623	1912
17	695	1913
17	916	1915
17	940	1914
17	1232	1915
17	1267A	1915
17	??	1917	tubal
17	5642	1928
17	5893	1929
17	625?	1930
17	6519	?
17	6520	?
17	6521	?
17	6631	1932	tubal
17	6742	1933
17	6758	1933
17	7317	1936	His embryo "Ru"
17	7436	1937
17	8101	1943	operative
17	8118	1943
17	8253	1944
17	8789	1950
17	8969	1919	Uni. Chicago No. H566
17	8998	1952
17	9100	1933	Uni. Chicago No. H1475
17	9282	1955

Tissue Development

Abdominal Wall Muscle

Carnegie stage 17 (E42) The histological appearance of the human abdominal wall at CS 17 was strikingly similar to the mouse at E11.5 with cells now having migrated approximately 50% of the distance to the ventral midline. Inner and outer layers were not discernible yet. PMID 22976993